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<section id="migrating-optparse-code-to-argparse">
<span id="migrating-optparse-code"></span><span id="upgrading-optparse-code"></span><h1>Migrating <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">optparse</span></code> code to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argparse</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#migrating-optparse-code-to-argparse" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../library/argparse.html#module-argparse" title="argparse: Command-line option and argument parsing library."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argparse</span></code></a> module offers several higher level features not natively
provided by the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/optparse.html#module-optparse" title="optparse: Command-line option parsing library."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">optparse</span></code></a> module, including:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Handling positional arguments.</p></li>
<li><p>Supporting subcommands.</p></li>
<li><p>Allowing alternative option prefixes like <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">+</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/</span></code>.</p></li>
<li><p>Handling zero-or-more and one-or-more style arguments.</p></li>
<li><p>Producing more informative usage messages.</p></li>
<li><p>Providing a much simpler interface for custom <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">type</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">action</span></code>.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Originally, the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/argparse.html#module-argparse" title="argparse: Command-line option and argument parsing library."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argparse</span></code></a> module attempted to maintain compatibility
with <a class="reference internal" href="../library/optparse.html#module-optparse" title="optparse: Command-line option parsing library."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">optparse</span></code></a>. However, the fundamental design differences between
supporting declarative command line option processing (while leaving positional
argument processing to application code), and supporting both named options
and positional arguments in the declarative interface mean that the
API has diverged from that of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">optparse</span></code> over time.</p>
<p>As described in <a class="reference internal" href="../library/optparse.html#choosing-an-argument-parser"><span class="std std-ref">Choosing an argument parsing library</span></a>, applications that are
currently using <a class="reference internal" href="../library/optparse.html#module-optparse" title="optparse: Command-line option parsing library."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">optparse</span></code></a> and are happy with the way it works can
just continue to use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">optparse</span></code>.</p>
<p>Application developers that are considering migrating should also review
the list of intrinsic behavioural differences described in that section
before deciding whether or not migration is desirable.</p>
<p>For applications that do choose to migrate from <a class="reference internal" href="../library/optparse.html#module-optparse" title="optparse: Command-line option parsing library."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">optparse</span></code></a> to <a class="reference internal" href="../library/argparse.html#module-argparse" title="argparse: Command-line option and argument parsing library."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argparse</span></code></a>,
the following suggestions should be helpful:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Replace all <a class="reference internal" href="../library/optparse.html#optparse.OptionParser.add_option" title="optparse.OptionParser.add_option"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">optparse.OptionParser.add_option()</span></code></a> calls with
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/argparse.html#argparse.ArgumentParser.add_argument" title="argparse.ArgumentParser.add_argument"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ArgumentParser.add_argument()</span></code></a> calls.</p></li>
<li><p>Replace <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(options,</span> <span class="pre">args)</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">parser.parse_args()</span></code> with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">args</span> <span class="pre">=</span>
<span class="pre">parser.parse_args()</span></code> and add additional <a class="reference internal" href="../library/argparse.html#argparse.ArgumentParser.add_argument" title="argparse.ArgumentParser.add_argument"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ArgumentParser.add_argument()</span></code></a>
calls for the positional arguments. Keep in mind that what was previously
called <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">options</span></code>, now in the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/argparse.html#module-argparse" title="argparse: Command-line option and argument parsing library."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argparse</span></code></a> context is called <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">args</span></code>.</p></li>
<li><p>Replace <a class="reference internal" href="../library/optparse.html#optparse.OptionParser.disable_interspersed_args" title="optparse.OptionParser.disable_interspersed_args"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">optparse.OptionParser.disable_interspersed_args()</span></code></a>
by using <a class="reference internal" href="../library/argparse.html#argparse.ArgumentParser.parse_intermixed_args" title="argparse.ArgumentParser.parse_intermixed_args"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">parse_intermixed_args()</span></code></a> instead of
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/argparse.html#argparse.ArgumentParser.parse_args" title="argparse.ArgumentParser.parse_args"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">parse_args()</span></code></a>.</p></li>
<li><p>Replace callback actions and the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">callback_*</span></code> keyword arguments with
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">type</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">action</span></code> arguments.</p></li>
<li><p>Replace string names for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">type</span></code> keyword arguments with the corresponding
type objects (e.g. int, float, complex, etc).</p></li>
<li><p>Replace <a class="reference internal" href="../library/optparse.html#optparse.Values" title="optparse.Values"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">optparse.Values</span></code></a> with <a class="reference internal" href="../library/argparse.html#argparse.Namespace" title="argparse.Namespace"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Namespace</span></code></a> and
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/optparse.html#optparse.OptionError" title="optparse.OptionError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">optparse.OptionError</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/optparse.html#optparse.OptionValueError" title="optparse.OptionValueError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">optparse.OptionValueError</span></code></a> with
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/argparse.html#argparse.ArgumentError" title="argparse.ArgumentError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ArgumentError</span></code></a>.</p></li>
<li><p>Replace strings with implicit arguments such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">%default</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">%prog</span></code> with
the standard Python syntax to use dictionaries to format strings, that is,
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">%(default)s</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">%(prog)s</span></code>.</p></li>
<li><p>Replace the OptionParser constructor <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">version</span></code> argument with a call to
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">parser.add_argument('--version',</span> <span class="pre">action='version',</span> <span class="pre">version='<the</span> <span class="pre">version>')</span></code>.</p></li>
</ul>
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