python · albertedwardson · Oct 27, 2025 · Oct 27, 2025 · Oct 28, 2025 · Dec 19, 2025
diff --git a/Include/internal/pycore_unicodeobject.h b/Include/internal/pycore_unicodeobject.h
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ extern "C" {
 
 #include "pycore_fileutils.h"     // _Py_error_handler
 #include "pycore_ucnhash.h"       // _PyUnicode_Name_CAPI
+#include "pycore_global_objects.h"// _Py_INTERP_CACHED_OBJECT
 
 
 // Maximum code point of Unicode 6.0: 0x10ffff (1,114,111).
@@ -358,6 +359,19 @@ extern PyTypeObject _PyUnicodeASCIIIter_Type;
 
 // All these are "ref-neutral", like the public PyUnicode_InternInPlace.
 
+/* This hashtable holds statically allocated interned strings.
+ * See InternalDocs/string_interning.md for details.
+ */
+#define INTERNED_STRINGS _PyRuntime.cached_objects.interned_strings
+
+/* This dictionary holds per-interpreter interned strings.
+ * See InternalDocs/string_interning.md for details.
+ */
+static inline PyObject *get_interned_dict(PyInterpreterState *interp)
+{
+    return _Py_INTERP_CACHED_OBJECT(interp, interned_strings);
+}
+
 // Explicit interning routines:
 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _PyUnicode_InternMortal(PyInterpreterState *interp, PyObject **);
 PyAPI_FUNC(void) _PyUnicode_InternImmortal(PyInterpreterState *interp, PyObject **);

diff --git a/Lib/test/support/constants_helper.py b/Lib/test/support/constants_helper.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import re
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from typing import Iterable
+
+from test.support.project_files_helper import iter_all_c_files
+
+
+# copypaste from 'Tools/build/generate_global_objects.py'
+def iter_global_strings() -> Iterable[str]:
+    id_regex = re.compile(r"\b_Py_ID\((\w+)\)")
+    str_regex = re.compile(r'\b_Py_DECLARE_STR\((?:\w+), "(.*?)"\)')
+    for filename in iter_all_c_files():
+        infile = Path(filename)
+        if not infile.exists():
+            # The file must have been a temporary file.
+            continue
+        with infile.open(encoding="utf-8") as infile_open:
+            for line in infile_open:
+                for m in id_regex.finditer(line):
+                    yield m.group(1)
+                for m in str_regex.finditer(line):
+                    yield m.group(1)
diff --git a/Lib/test/support/project_files_helper.py b/Lib/test/support/project_files_helper.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from typing import Iterable
+
+ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[3]
+
+
+# copypaste from 'Tools/build/generate_global_objects.py'
+def iter_all_c_files() -> Iterable[Path]:
+    for top_directory_name in (
+        "Modules",
+        "Objects",
+        "Parser",
+        "PC",
+        "Programs",
+        "Python",
+    ):
+        for dirname, _, files in (ROOT / top_directory_name).walk():
+            for name in files:
+                if not name.endswith((".c", ".h")):
+                    continue
+                yield dirname / name
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_code.py b/Lib/test/test_code.py
@@ -211,6 +211,7 @@
 from test.support import (cpython_only,
                           check_impl_detail, requires_debug_ranges,
                           gc_collect, Py_GIL_DISABLED)
+from test.support.constants_helper import iter_global_strings
 from test.support.script_helper import assert_python_ok
 from test.support import threading_helper, import_helper
 from test.support.bytecode_helper import instructions_with_positions
@@ -1251,6 +1252,41 @@ class MyInt(int):
         self.assertIsInstance(code.co_consts[1], Unhashable)
         self.assertEqual(code.co_consts[2], code.co_consts[3])
 
+    @cpython_only
+    @unittest.skipIf(Py_GIL_DISABLED, "free-threaded build interns all string constants")
+    def test__Py_DECLARE_STR_is_interned(self):
+        for global_string in iter_global_strings():
+            with self.subTest(global_string=global_string):
+                self.assertIsInterned(eval(f"'{global_string}'"))
+
+    noninternable_by_default = textwrap.dedent(f'''
+        not-internable
+        not.internable
+        не_интернируемый
+        str with spaces
+        {chr(0x011111)}
+        {chr(0x9999)}
+        {chr(0x100)}
+    ''')
+
+    @cpython_only
+    @unittest.skipIf(Py_GIL_DISABLED, "free-threaded build interns all string constants")
+    def test_non_internable_strings_not_interned(self):
+        for noninternable in self.noninternable_by_default.strip().splitlines():
+            with self.subTest(noninternable=noninternable):
+                self.assertIsNotInterned(eval(f"'{noninternable}'"))
+
+    @cpython_only
+    @unittest.skipIf(Py_GIL_DISABLED, "free-threaded build interns all string constants")
+    def test_explicitly_interned_strings(self):
+        for noninternable in self.noninternable_by_default.strip().splitlines():
+            self.assertIsNotInterned(noninternable)
+            sys.intern(noninternable)
+            with self.subTest(noninternable=noninternable):
+                self.assertIsInterned(noninternable)
+                interned_from_code = eval(f"'{noninternable}'")
+                self.assertIsInterned(interned_from_code)
+                self.assertIs(noninternable, interned_from_code)
 
 class CodeWeakRefTest(unittest.TestCase):
 

@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ PyCode_ClearWatcher(int watcher_id)
 
 #define _PyCodeObject_CAST(op)  (assert(PyCode_Check(op)), (PyCodeObject *)(op))
 
-static int
+static inline int
 should_intern_string(PyObject *o)
 {
 #ifdef Py_GIL_DISABLED
@@ -196,6 +196,8 @@ intern_strings(PyObject *tuple)
     return 0;
 }
 
+#define _constants_tuple_modified(modified) if (modified) *modified = 1
+
 /* Intern constants. In the default build, this interns selected string
    constants. In the free-threaded build, this also interns non-string
    constants. */
@@ -206,14 +208,28 @@ intern_constants(PyObject *tuple, int *modified)
     for (Py_ssize_t i = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(tuple); --i >= 0; ) {
         PyObject *v = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(tuple, i);
         if (PyUnicode_CheckExact(v)) {
+            if (PyUnicode_CHECK_INTERNED(v) != 0) {
+                continue;
+            }
+#if !defined(Py_GIL_DISABLED)
+            PyObject *interned = _Py_hashtable_get(INTERNED_STRINGS, v);
+            if (interned == NULL) {
+                interned = PyDict_GetItemWithError(get_interned_dict(interp), v);
+                if (PyErr_Occurred()) return -1;
+            }
+            if (interned != NULL && interned != v) {
+                Py_INCREF(interned);
+                PyTuple_SET_ITEM(tuple, i, interned);
+                Py_DECREF(v);
+                _constants_tuple_modified(modified);
+            } else
+#endif
             if (should_intern_string(v)) {
                 PyObject *w = v;
                 _PyUnicode_InternMortal(interp, &v);
                 if (w != v) {
                     PyTuple_SET_ITEM(tuple, i, v);
-                    if (modified) {
-                        *modified = 1;
-                    }
+                    _constants_tuple_modified(modified);
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -242,9 +258,7 @@ intern_constants(PyObject *tuple, int *modified)
 
                 PyTuple_SET_ITEM(tuple, i, v);
                 Py_DECREF(w);
-                if (modified) {
-                    *modified = 1;
-                }
+                _constants_tuple_modified(modified);
             }
             Py_DECREF(tmp);
         }
@@ -273,9 +287,7 @@ intern_constants(PyObject *tuple, int *modified)
                 }
                 PyTuple_SET_ITEM(tuple, i, v);
                 Py_DECREF(slice);
-                if (modified) {
-                    *modified = 1;
-                }
+                _constants_tuple_modified(modified);
             }
             Py_DECREF(tmp);
         }
@@ -293,9 +305,7 @@ intern_constants(PyObject *tuple, int *modified)
             else if (interned != v) {
                 PyTuple_SET_ITEM(tuple, i, interned);
                 Py_SETREF(v, interned);
-                if (modified) {
-                    *modified = 1;
-                }
+                _constants_tuple_modified(modified);
             }
         }
 #endif

diff --git a/Objects/unicodeobject.c b/Objects/unicodeobject.c
@@ -207,18 +207,6 @@ _PyUnicode_GetEmpty(void)
     return &_Py_STR(empty);
 }
 
-/* This dictionary holds per-interpreter interned strings.
- * See InternalDocs/string_interning.md for details.
- */
-static inline PyObject *get_interned_dict(PyInterpreterState *interp)
-{
-    return _Py_INTERP_CACHED_OBJECT(interp, interned_strings);
-}
-
-/* This hashtable holds statically allocated interned strings.
- * See InternalDocs/string_interning.md for details.
- */
-#define INTERNED_STRINGS _PyRuntime.cached_objects.interned_strings
 
 /* Get number of all interned strings for the current interpreter. */
 Py_ssize_t