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</script></head><body><a xmlns="" href="//www.netkiller.cn/">Home</a> | <a xmlns="" href="//netkiller.github.io/">简体中文</a> | <a xmlns="" href="http://netkiller.sourceforge.net/">繁体中文</a> | <a xmlns="" href="/journal/index.html">杂文</a>
| <a xmlns="" href="https://github.com/netkiller">Github</a> | <a xmlns="" href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/netkiller">知乎专栏</a> | <a xmlns="" href="https://www.facebook.com/bg7nyt">Facebook</a> | <a xmlns="" href="http://cn.linkedin.com/in/netkiller/">Linkedin</a> | <a xmlns="" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/bg7nyt/videos">Youtube</a> | <a xmlns="" href="//www.netkiller.cn/home/donations.html">打赏(Donations)</a> | <a xmlns="" href="//www.netkiller.cn/home/about.html">About</a><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Netkiller Python 手札</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="preface.html">下一页</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><table xmlns=""><tr><td><iframe src="//ghbtns.com/github-btn.html?user=netkiller&repo=netkiller.github.io&type=watch&count=true&size=large" height="30" width="170" frameborder="0" scrolling="0" style="width:170px; height: 30px;" allowTransparency="true"></iframe></td><td><iframe src="//ghbtns.com/github-btn.html?user=netkiller&repo=netkiller.github.io&type=fork&count=true&size=large" height="30" width="170" frameborder="0" scrolling="0" style="width:170px; height: 30px;" allowTransparency="true"></iframe></td><td><iframe src="//ghbtns.com/github-btn.html?user=netkiller&type=follow&count=true&size=large" height="30" width="240" frameborder="0" scrolling="0" style="width:240px; height: 30px;" allowTransparency="true"></iframe></td><td></td><td><a href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/netkiller"><img src="/images/logo/zhihu-card-default.svg" height="25" /></a></td><td valign="middle"><a href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/netkiller">知乎专栏</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></table><div xml:lang="zh-cn" class="book" lang="zh-cn"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="id768"></a>Netkiller Python 手札</h1></div><div><h2 class="subtitle"><a class="ulink" href="https://space.bilibili.com/486347986/video" target="_top">《Netkiller Python 手札》视频教程</a>（2026版）</h2></div><div><div class="authorgroup">
<div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="honorific">Mr</span>. <span class="firstname">Neo</span> <span class="othername"></span> <span class="surname">Chan</span>, <span class="lineage">陈景峰(BG7NYT)</span></h3><div class="affiliation">
<div class="address"><p><br />
<br />
<span class="country">中国</span><span class="state">广东省</span><span class="city">深圳市</span><span class="street">望海路半岛城邦三期</span><br />
<span class="postcode">518067</span><br />
<span class="phone">+86 13113668890</span><br />
<br />
<code class="email"><<a class="email" href="mailto:netkiller@msn.com">netkiller@msn.com</a>></code><br />
</p></div>
</div></div>
</div></div><div><p class="releaseinfo">$Id: book.xml 640 2013-07-18 03:27:47Z netkiller $</p></div><div><p class="releaseinfo">
</p><p>
电子书最近一次更新于
<span class="date">2026-04-20 15:03:31
</span>
</p><p class="releaseinfo">
</p></div><div><p class="copyright">版权 © 2008-2026 Netkiller(Neo Chan). All rights reserved.</p></div><div><div class="legalnotice"><a id="legalnotice"></a>
<p class="legalnotice-title"><strong>版权声明</strong></p>
<p>转载请与作者联系，转载时请务必标明文章原始出处和作者信息及本声明。</p>
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</td><td>
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<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>
<a class="ulink" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_top">
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</a>
</td></tr><tr><td>
<a class="ulink" href="http://www.netkiller.cn" target="_top">http://www.netkiller.cn</a>
</td></tr><tr><td>
<a class="ulink" href="http://netkiller.github.io/" target="_top">http://netkiller.github.io</a>
</td></tr><tr><td>
<a class="ulink" href="http://netkiller.sourceforge.net/" target="_top">http://netkiller.sourceforge.net</a>
</td></tr><tr><td>微信公众号: netkiller</td></tr><tr><td>微信：13113668890 请注明“读者”</td></tr><tr><td>QQ：13721218 请注明“读者”</td></tr><tr><td>QQ群：128659835 请注明“读者”</td></tr><tr><td></td></tr><tr><td>
<a class="ulink" href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/netkiller" target="_top">知乎专栏</a>
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</a>
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</td></tr></table>
</div></div><div><p class="pubdate">$Date: 2013-07-18 11:27:47 +0800 (Thu, 18 Jul 2013) $</p></div><div><div class="abstract"><p class="title"><strong>我的系列文档</strong></p>
<p>编程语言</p>
<table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist"><tr><td>
<a class="ulink" href="../architect/index.html" target="_top">Netkiller Architect 手札</a>
</td><td>
<a class="ulink" href="../developer/index.html" target="_top">Netkiller Developer 手札</a>
</td><td>
<a class="ulink" href="../java/index.html" target="_top">Netkiller Java 手札</a>
</td><td>
<a class="ulink" href="../spring/index.html" target="_top">Netkiller Spring 手札</a>
</td><td>
<a class="ulink" href="../android/index.html" target="_top">Netkiller Android 手札</a>
</td><td>
<a class="ulink" href="../python/index.html" target="_top">Netkiller Python 手札</a>
</td></tr><tr><td>
<a class="ulink" href="../testing/index.html" target="_top">Netkiller Testing 手札</a>
</td><td>
<a class="ulink" href="../cryptography/index.html" target="_top">Netkiller Cryptography 手札</a>
</td><td>
<a class="ulink" href="../perl/index.html" target="_top">Netkiller Perl 手札</a>
</td><td>
<a class="ulink" href="../docbook/index.html" target="_top">Netkiller Docbook 手札</a>
</td><td>
<a class="ulink" href="../project/index.html" target="_top">Netkiller Project 手札</a>
</td><td>
<a class="ulink" href="../database/index.html" target="_top">Netkiller Database 手札</a>
</td></tr><tr><td>
<a class="ulink" href="../php/index.html" target="_top">Netkiller PHP 手札</a>
</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr></table>
</div></div></div><hr /></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>目录</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="preface"><a href="preface.html">1. 自述</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="preface.html#reader">1.1. 写给读者</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="author.html">1.2. 作者简介</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="author.html#id770">1.2.1. 户外爱好者</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="preface.download.html">1.3. 如何获得文档</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="donations.html">1.4. 打赏（Donations）</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="contacts.html">1.5. 联系方式</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="part"><a href="python.html">I. Python 语言</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="lang/index.html">1. Python 入门</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/index.html#introduction">1.1. 如何快速学习 Python 语言</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/index.html#id771">1.1.1. 学习编程的目的是什么？</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/index.html#id772">1.1.2. 很多公司是怎么死的？</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/index.html#id773">1.1.3. 学习定位问题？</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/index.html#id774">1.1.4. 小白怎么入门呢？</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/index.html#id775">1.1.5. 从入门到放弃</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/index.html#id776">1.1.6. 为什么学不会？</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/index.html#id777">1.1.7. 如何快速高效的学习一门语言？</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/index.html#id778">1.1.8. 碎片化学习</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.install.html">1.2. Python 安装</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.install.html#id779">1.2.1. Rocky Linux / AlmaLinux 安装 Python</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.install.html#python.install.docker">1.2.2. Docker 安装</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.install.html#python3.dnf">1.2.3. dnf 安装 python3.11</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.install.html#id780">1.2.4. 编译安装 Python3.x</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.install.html#id781">1.2.5. Ubunut 13.04 环境安装python3</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.install.html#pypy">1.2.6. pypy - fast alternative implementation of Python - PyPy
interpreter
</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.install.html#eric">1.2.7. Eric Python IDE</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.install.html#exe">1.2.8. python to exe</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.install.html#python2">1.2.9. Python2.x</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/venv.html">1.3. venv - Python 虚拟环境</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/venv.html#id787">1.3.1. Linux 建立虚拟环境</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/venv.html#id788">1.3.2. 苹果电脑 Z Shell 建立虚拟环境</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/venv.html#id789">1.3.3. 苹果电脑 fish Shell 建立虚拟环境</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/venv.html#id790">1.3.4. 进入虚拟环境</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/venv.html#id791">1.3.5. 退出虚拟环境</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/ch01s04.html">1.4. Docker 部署</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/pypi.html">1.5. Python Package Index (PyPI)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/pypi.html#id792">1.5.1. 什么是 PyPI</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/pypi.html#id793">1.5.2. 准备目录</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/pypi.html#id794">1.5.3. 创建LICENSE文件</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/pypi.html#id795">1.5.4. 项目描述文件</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/pypi.html#id796">1.5.5. 库代码</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/pypi.html#id797">1.5.6. setuptools 构建脚本</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/pypi.html#id798">1.5.7. 构建包</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/pypi.html#id799">1.5.8. 查看包</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/pypi.html#id800">1.5.9. 上传包</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/pypi.html#id801">1.5.10. 安装包</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/pypi.html#id802">1.5.11. 使用包</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/pypi.html#id803">1.5.12. 卸载包</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/pypi.html#id804">1.5.13. Built distribution</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/pypi.html#id805">1.5.14. 免密登录</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/pypi.html#id806">1.5.15. 其他 Python 包管理工具</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/pypi.html#pyproject.toml">1.5.16. pyproject.toml</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/pypi.html#pip">1.5.17. pip - A tool for installing and managing Python packages</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.module.html">1.6. Python 模块</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.module.html#id826">1.6.1. 同级目录</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.module.html#id827">1.6.2. 一级目录</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.module.html#id828">1.6.3. 二级子目录</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.module.html#id829">1.6.4. 子目录调用上级目录</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.module.html#id830">1.6.5. 导入类</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/type.html">1.7. 数据类型</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/type.html#type">1.7.1. type 数据类型检测</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/type.html#string">1.7.2. 字符串</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/type.html#float">1.7.3. float 浮点数值</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/type.html#array">1.7.4. Array</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/type.html#datetime">1.7.5. 日期和时间</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/type.html#bytes">1.7.6. bytes 类型</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/type.html#format.percentage">1.7.7. 百分数</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.datastruct.html">1.8. 数据结构</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.datastruct.html#data.list">1.8.1. List</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.datastruct.html#data.set">1.8.2. Set 集合</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.datastruct.html#data.dict">1.8.3. Dict 字典</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.datastruct.html#Iterator">1.8.4. Iterator</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.datastruct.html#python.queue">1.8.5. 队列</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.serializable.html">1.9. 序列化 </a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.serializable.html#id892">1.9.1. struct C 语言结构体序列化</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.serializable.html#python.shelve">1.9.2. shelve(序列化)</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/class.html">1.10. Class</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/class.html#class.init">1.10.1. __init__ 构造方法</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/class.html#id893">1.10.2. print class</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/class.html#id895">1.10.3. inner class(内嵌类)</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/class.html#python.enum">1.10.4. Python 枚举 Enum</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.regular.html">1.11. 正则处理字符串</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.regular.html#id905">1.11.1. 正则替换</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.regular.html#id906">1.11.2. match</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.regular.html#id907">1.11.3. 正则查找</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/python.regular.html#id908">1.11.4. 正则匹配后返回字典</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/ch01s12.html">1.12. 循环</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/stdio.html">1.13. Input/Output 输出/输出</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/stdio.html#sys">1.13.1. 标准输入/输出</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/stdio.html#pipe">1.13.2. Pipe</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/stdio.html#socketpair">1.13.3. socketpair</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/debug.html">1.14. Python 调试技巧</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="lang/debug.html#id911">1.14.1. 显示代码所在文件行</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="library/index.html">2. Library</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/index.html#io.file">2.1. 文件和目录</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/index.html#id912">2.1.1. 创建文件</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/index.html#id913">2.1.2. 读取文件</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/index.html#id916">2.1.3. 写入文件</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/index.html#id917">2.1.4. 读取二进制文件</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/index.html#id918">2.1.5. 文件名/扩展名</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/index.html#os.makedirs">2.1.6. 创建目录</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/index.html#os.access">2.1.7. 权限判断</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/index.html#os.path.exists">2.1.8. 判断文件/路径是否存在</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/index.html#os.path.join">2.1.9. 路径拼接</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/index.html#os.listdir">2.1.10. 目录和文件列表</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/index.html#os.scandir">2.1.11. os.scandir 扫描目录</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/index.html#os.remove">2.1.12. 删除文件或目录</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/index.html#id923">2.1.13. 路径操作</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/index.html#file.copy">2.1.14. 复制文件</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/index.html#tempfile">2.1.15. 临时目录和文件</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/random.html">2.2. 随机数</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/random.html#id930">2.2.1. 随机选择列表</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/random.html#id931">2.2.2. 指定随机数范围</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/random.html#id932">2.2.3. 指定随机数范围(整数)</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/random.html#id933">2.2.4. 指定随机数范围(小数)</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/random.html#id934">2.2.5. 打乱列表顺序</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/process.html">2.3. 进程与线程</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/process.html#subprocess">2.3.1. subprocess</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/process.html#threading">2.3.2. Python 多线程</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/process.html#daemon">2.3.3. 守护进程（Daemon）</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/python.log.html">2.4. 日志</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/python.log.html#logging">2.4.1. logging</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/python.log.html#syslog">2.4.2. syslog</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/python.log.html#id939">2.4.3. 日志彩色输出</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/socket.html">2.5. 网络开发（Socket）</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/socket.html#simplehttpserver">2.5.1. SimpleHTTPServer</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/socket.html#id942">2.5.2. UDP</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/socket.html#id946">2.5.3. Websocket</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/socket.html#python.network">2.5.4. Network</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/ch02s06.html">2.6. YAML</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/ch02s06.html#id947">2.6.1. 严格按段落展示 ｜、｜+、｜-</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/ch02s06.html#id948">2.6.2. >、>+、>-</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/ch02s06.html#id950">2.6.3. PyYAML</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/ch02s06.html#ruamel.yaml">2.6.4. ruamel.yaml</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/ch02s07.html">2.7. Requests</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/httpx.html">2.8. httpx</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/httpx.html#id953">2.8.1. 安装 https</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/httpx.html#id954">2.8.2. 操作演示</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/httpx.html#id955">2.8.3. 上传文件</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/httpx.html#httpx.restful">2.8.4. Restful CRUD 操作</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/httpx.html#id956">2.8.5. HTTP 2</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/httpx.html#httpx.BasicAuth">2.8.6. BasicAuth</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/httpx.html#httpx.Bearer">2.8.7. Bearer 认证</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/httpx.html#httpx.async">2.8.8. 异步请求</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/httpx.html#httpx.log">2.8.9. 日志输出</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/asyncio.html">2.9. asyncio</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/asyncio.html#id957">2.9.1. </a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/terminal.html">2.10. 终端环境开发</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/terminal.html#argparse">2.10.1. 命令行参数处理</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/terminal.html#getopt">2.10.2. getopt – Command line option parsing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/terminal.html#ansi.color">2.10.3. ANSI Color</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/terminal.html#进度条">2.10.4. 进度条</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/terminal.html#texttable">2.10.5. texttable - module for creating simple ASCII tables</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/terminal.html#prompt_toolkit">2.10.6. prompt_toolkit</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/terminal.html#simple-term-menu">2.10.7. Simple Terminal Menu</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/terminal.html#picotui">2.10.8. picotui</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/terminal.html#tui">2.10.9. TUI</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/qrcode.html">2.11. 验证码</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/qrcode.html#id985">2.11.1. 基本用法</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/qrcode.html#id988">2.11.2. Image CAPTCHAs</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/dbm.html">2.12. dbm Key-Value 数据库</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/keyboard.html">2.13. keyboard</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/keyboard.html#id989">2.13.1. 读取键盘值</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/keyboard.html#id990">2.13.2. 功能键</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/keyboard.html#id991">2.13.3. 上下索道缆车开关门</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/gps.html">2.14. GPS</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/gps.html#id992">2.14.1. gpsdclient</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/gps.html#id993">2.14.2. Traccar</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/ZeroRPC.html">2.15. ZeroRPC</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/fuse-python.html">2.16. fuse-python.x86_64 : Python bindings for FUSE - filesystem in
userspace
</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/python-spdylay.html">2.17. Python-spdylay - Spdylay Python Extension Module</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/mechanize.html">2.18. mechanize</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/python-memcached.html">2.19. python-memcached</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="library/python-subversion.html">2.20. python-subversion</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="part"><a href="framework.html">II. Python 框架</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="uvicorn.html">3. Uvicorn</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="uvicorn.html#id994">3.1. 代码启动</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch03s02.html">3.2. 命令行启动</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch03s03.html">3.3. 日志</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch03s04.html">3.4. IPv6</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="fastapi/index.html">4. FastAPI</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/index.html#id995">4.1. HTML - FastAPI 加载 index.html</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/app.get.html">4.2. GET 请求</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/app.get.html#id996">4.2.1. 返回图片</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/app.get.html#id997">4.2.2. 路径参数</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/app.post.html">4.3. Post 请求</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/app.post.html#app.post.form">4.3.1. From 数据</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/app.post.html#post.json.dict">4.3.2. Json 数据转为 dict</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/app.post.html#post.data">4.3.3. Data 原始数据</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/app.post.html#post.json">4.3.4. POST 接收 JSON 数据</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/app.post.html#fastapi.post.upload">4.3.5. 上传文件</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/fastapi.responses.html">4.4. 响应返回</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/fastapi.responses.html#id998">4.4.1. Response</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/fastapi.responses.html#id999">4.4.2. 返回 HTMl</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/fastapi.responses.html#id1000">4.4.3. PlainTextResponse</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/fastapi.responses.html#id1001">4.4.4. RedirectResponse</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/fastapi.responses.html#id1002">4.4.5. StreamingResponse</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/fastapi.responses.html#id1003">4.4.6. FileResponse</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/APIRouter.html">4.5. 路由</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/APIRouter.html#app.api_route">4.5.1. api_route</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/APIRouter.html#id1004">4.5.2. include_router</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/fastapi.slowapi.html">4.6. slowapi 流向控制</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/asyncio.html">4.7. 异步执行</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/fastapi-cache2.html">4.8. 缓存</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/fastapi-cache2.html#id1005">4.8.1. 缓存 Json 数据结构</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/fastapi-cache2.html#id1006">4.8.2. 自定义 key</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/fastapi.auth.html">4.9. HTTP Auth</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/fastapi.sse.html">4.10. SSE</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/jsonable_encoder.html">4.11. 解决 Sqlalchemy 返回模型无法打印的问题</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/media_type.html">4.12. 返回二维码图片</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/ch04s13.html">4.13. 接口文档</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/ch04s13.html#id1007">4.13.1. 关闭接口文档</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/ch04s13.html#id1008">4.13.2. 隐藏接口</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="fastapi/ch04s14.html">4.14. Fief 认证框架</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="robotframework.html">5. Robot Framework 测试框架</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="ch06.html">6. Web framework</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch06.html#django">6.1. Django</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="python.pylons.html">6.2. Pylons</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="python.pylons.html#id1011">6.2.1. Getting Started with Pylons</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="python.pylons.html#id1012">6.2.2. config/routing.py</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="python.pylons.html#mako">6.2.3. mako template</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="pyramid.html">6.3. Pyramid</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="pyramid.html#id1016">6.3.1. Getting Started</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pyramid.html#id1018">6.3.2. Creating a Pyramid Project</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="Dominate.html">6.4. Dominate</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="Dominate.html#id1019">6.4.1. 创建一个 HTML</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="Dominate.html#id1020">6.4.2. dominate</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="Dominate.html#id1021">6.4.3. HTML Table</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="Dominate.html#id1022">6.4.4. UL/LI</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="Dominate.html#id1023">6.4.5. Dominate 与 Flask 集成</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="Dominate.html#id1024">6.4.6. 装饰器</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="Dominate.html#id1026">6.4.7. HTML 标记</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="BeautifulSoup.html">6.5. BeautifulSoup</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="sqlalchemy/index.html">8. Sqlalchemy</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/index.html#id1027">8.1. 安装 Sqlalchemy</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/ch08s02.html">8.2. 链接测试</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/ch08s03.html">8.3. 创建表</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/ch08s04.html">8.4. Session</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy.models.html">8.5. 模型定义</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy.models.html#id1030">8.5.1. 定义字段</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy.models.html#id1032">8.5.2. 主键 Primary Key</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy.models.html#sqlalchemy.models.ForeignKey">8.5.3. 外键</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy.增删改操作.html">8.6. 增删改</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy.query.html">8.7. 查询</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/models.label.html">8.8. 标签</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/query.count.html">8.9. 统计数量</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/query.order_by.html">8.10. 排序</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/query.exists.html">8.11. 查询数据是否存在</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/query.exists.html#id1035">8.11.1. 返回 exists SQL 语句</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/query.exists.html#id1036">8.11.2. exists()</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/query.exists.html#id1037">8.11.3. query.exists()</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/query.options.html">8.12. 返回指定列</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy.func.html">8.13. </a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy.func.html#id1038">8.13.1. count</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy.func.html#id1039">8.13.2. min/max</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy.func.html#id1040">8.13.3. 平均值/求和</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy.func.html#id1041">8.13.4. </a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="part"><a href="index.html">III. 人工智能 AI</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="ai.html">9. AI 相关</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ai.html#id1043">9.1. 什么是归一化？</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ai.html#id1042">9.1.1. 最小-最大 归一化（Min-Max Scaling）</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch09s02.html">9.2. 什么是残差</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch09s03.html">9.3. 网络模型的选择</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ai.label.html">9.4. 分类与标签</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ai.label.html#id1044">9.4.1. 二分类</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ai.label.html#id1045">9.4.2. 多分类</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ai.label.html#id1046">9.4.3. 多标签</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ai.label.html#id1047">9.4.4. 多任务分类</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch09s05.html">9.5. 向量数据处理</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch09s05.html#tokenizers">9.5.1. tokenizers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch09s05.html#transformers">9.5.2. transformers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch09s06.html">9.6. GPU</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch09s06.html#id1057">9.6.1. 检测显卡</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch09s06.html#id1058">9.6.2. 检测硬件</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch09s06.html#id1059">9.6.3. 安装CUDA开发包</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch09s06.html#id1060">9.6.4. 检验安装</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch09s06.html#id1061">9.6.5. pytorch 安装</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch09s06.html#id1062">9.6.6. NVIDIA cuDNN</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="NumPy/index.html">9.7. NumPy</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="NumPy/index.html#numpy.random">9.7.1. 随机数</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="NumPy/index.html#numpy.linspace">9.7.2. 生成数列</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="NumPy/index.html#numpy.shape">9.7.3. 查看矩阵或者数组的维度</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="NumPy/index.html#numpy.dtype">9.7.4. 数据类型</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="NumPy/index.html#numpy.max">9.7.5. max</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="NumPy/index.html#numpy.amax">9.7.6. max</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="NumPy/index.html#numpy.imshow">9.7.7. 显示矩阵</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="tensorflow.html">9.8. tensorflow</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="tensorflow.html#tensorboard">9.8.1. tensorboard</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="tensorflow.html#id1069">9.8.2. 加载模型</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="tensorflow.html#id1071">9.8.3. FAQ</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="pytorch/index.html">10. PyTorch</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/index.html#id1072">10.1. 安装 torch</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/index.html#torchinfo">10.1.1. torchinfo</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/ch10s02.html">10.2. 显卡</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html">10.3. Tensor 张量</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1073">10.3.1. 创建静态 Tensor</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1074">10.3.2. Tensor 尺寸</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1075">10.3.3. 创建连续数列的 Tensor</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1076">10.3.4. 创建0数据的 Tensor</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1077">10.3.5. 判断变量是否为 Tensor</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1078">10.3.6. 统计 Tensor 中的元素数量</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1079">10.3.7. 创建对角线为1的 Tensor</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1080">10.3.8. 将 numpy 转换成 tensor</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1081">10.3.9. 切分</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1082">10.3.10. 均匀分布数列</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1083">10.3.11. 正态分布数列</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1084">10.3.12. 随机数列</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#torch.arange">10.3.13. arange 创建等差数列</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1085">10.3.14. 获取最小值和最大值的索引</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1086">10.3.15. 连接两个 Tensor</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1087">10.3.16. 数据切块</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1088">10.3.17. 通过索引下标选择数据</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1089">10.3.18. 分割</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1090">10.3.19. 矩阵转换</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1091">10.3.20. 矩阵运算</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.tensor.html#id1092">10.3.21. view</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.dataset.html">10.4. Dataset</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.DataLoader.html">10.5. DataLoader</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.DataLoader.html#id1093">10.5.1. 显示数据集中的图片</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.Module.html">10.6. Module</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/torch.load.html">10.7. 保存/加载模型</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/torchvision.html">10.8. torchvision</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/torchvision.html#id1094">10.8.1. 安装 torchvision</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/torchvision.html#transforms">10.8.2. transforms 数据转换</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/torchvision.html#models">10.8.3. models 加载模型</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/torchvision.html#datasets">10.8.4. datasets 数据加载</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/torchvision.html#id1113">10.8.5. 打开图片</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/torchaudio.html">10.9. torchaudio</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/tensorboard.html">10.10. tensorboard</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/torchaudio.html">10.11. 音频处理</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/torchaudio.html#id1114">10.11.1. </a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/torchaudio.html#id1115">10.11.2. 音频降噪</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.exmaple.html">10.12. PyTorch 案例</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/pytorch.exmaple.html#mnist">10.12.1. mnist</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="pytorch/ch10s13.html">10.13. ImportError: libGL.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="ultralytics/index.html">11. Ultralytics</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/index.html#id1118">11.1. 安装 ultralytics</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/index.html#labelimg">11.1.1. 标注工具 labelimg</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/index.html#labelme">11.1.2. labelme</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/index.html#anylabeling">11.1.3. anylabeling</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/index.html#id1116">11.1.4. 环境配置</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/index.html#id1117">11.1.5. JSON2YOLO</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/yolo.cmd.html">11.2. YOLO 命令行</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/yolo.cmd.html#id1122">11.2.1. GPU 相关</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/yolo.cmd.html#id1123">11.2.2. Apple Silicon M 系列芯片</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/yolo.cmd.html#id1124">11.2.3. 恢复训练</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/yolo.cmd.html#id1125">11.2.4. 增加训练 epoch</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/ultralytics.task.html">11.3. Task 任务</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/ultralytics.task.html#yolo.Detect">11.3.1. 图像检测</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/ultralytics.task.html#yolo.Segment">11.3.2. 图像分割</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/ultralytics.task.html#yolo.classify">11.3.3. 图像分类</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/yolo.html">11.4. YOLO</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/yolo.html#id1132">11.4.1. labels 文件格式</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/yolo.html#yolo.train">11.4.2. 模型训练</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/yolo.html#yolo.val">11.4.3. 模型评估</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/yolo.html#model.predict">11.4.4. 模型预测</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/yolo.html#model.export">11.4.5. 模型导出</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/ch11s05.html">11.5. ONNX(Open Neural Network Exchange) 开放神经网络交换格式</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/ultralytics.utils.html">11.6. 自动标注</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/ultralytics.utils.html#id1152">11.6.1. 背景</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/ultralytics.utils.html#utils.resize">11.6.2. 尺寸裁剪工具</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/ultralytics.utils.html#utils.converter">11.6.3. 转换程序</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/ultralytics.utils.html#utils.autilabel">11.6.4. 自动标注工具</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/ultralytics.utils.html#LabelimgToYolo">11.6.5. LabelimgToYolo</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/ultralytics.utils.html#id1153">11.6.6. 标签管理，标签删除工具</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/ultralytics.utils.html#utils.Classify">11.6.7. 图像分类数据处理</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/ultralytics.utils.html#id1157">11.6.8. 合并 YOLO txt 文件</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/yolo.example.html">11.7. 案例</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/yolo.example.html#id1164">11.7.1. 识别验证码</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/yolo.example.html#id1165">11.7.2. json2yolo - segment</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/ch11s08.html">11.8. FAQ</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/ch11s08.html#id1166">11.8.1. To fix this issue, refer to the "Safe importing of main module"</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ultralytics/ch11s08.html#id1167">11.8.2. ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'onnx'</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="sklearn/index.html">12. Sklearn</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="sklearn/index.html#id1168">12.1. 生成回归样本数据</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="sklearn/ch12s02.html">12.2. 鸢尾花数据集</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="transformer/index.html">13. Transformer</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="transformer/index.html#id1169">13.1. Vision Transformer</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="transformer/ch13s02.html">13.2. Transformer 和 Vision Transformer 最大区别是什么？</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="transformer/ch13s03.html">13.3. Transformer 和 Transforms 区别</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="transformer/ch13s04.html">13.4. Swin Transformer</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="transformer/ch13s04.html#id1170">13.4.1. 配置权重</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="transformer/ch13s05.html">13.5. FAQ</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="transformer/ch13s05.html#id1171">13.5.1. AttributeError: '_MultiProcessingDataLoaderIter' object has no attribute 'next'</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="ocr/index.html">14. OCR</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ocr/index.html#EasyOCR">14.1. EasyOCR</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ocr/index.html#id1172">14.1.1. 安装 EasyOCR</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ocr/index.html#id1173">14.1.2. 操作演示</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ocr/index.html#id1174">14.1.3. 命令行运行</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ocr/index.html#id1177">14.1.4. 函数</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ocr/index.html#id1178">14.1.5. urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:833)></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ocr/tesseract.html">14.2. Tesseract</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ocr/tesseract.html#id1179">14.2.1. 安装 Tesseract</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ocr/tesseract.html#id1180">14.2.2. 演示 Tesseract</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="speech/index.html">15. 语音处理</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="speech/index.html#id1181">15.1. Kitten TTS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="speech/pyttsx3.html">15.2. TTS(Text To Speech) 文本转语音</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="speech/pyttsx3.html#id1183">15.2.1. 安装 pyttsx3</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="speech/pyttsx3.html#id1184">15.2.2. 演示</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="speech/pyttsx3.html#id1191">15.2.3. 方法详解</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="speech/pyttsx3.html#id1192">15.2.4. 例子</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="speech/SpeechRecognition.html">15.3. STT(Speech To Text) 语音转文本</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="speech/SpeechRecognition.html#id1198">15.3.1. SpeechRecognition</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="speech/SpeechRecognition.html#DeepSpeech">15.3.2. DeepSpeech</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="speech/baidu-aip.html">15.4. Baidu AipSpeech</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="speech/bark.html">15.5. AI文字转语音模型Bark</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="speech/asr.html">15.6. Automatic Speech Recognition</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="speech/asr.html#id1199">15.6.1. kaldi</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="speech/asr.html#id1200">15.6.2. OpenAI Whisper</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="speech/asr.html#FunASR">15.6.3. FunASR - 语音识别</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="face_recognition.html">16. 人脸识别</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="face_recognition.html#id1202">16.1. 安装</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch16s02.html">16.2. 命令行工具</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch16s02.html#id1203">16.2.1. face_detection - 在单张图片或一个图片文件夹中定位人脸位置</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch16s02.html#id1204">16.2.2. face_detection - 在单张图片或一个图片文件夹中定位人脸位置</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch16s03.html">16.3. 定位头像位置</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch16s04.html">16.4. 人脸比较</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch16s05.html">16.5. 摄像头识别人脸</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="nlp/index.html">17. 自然语言处理</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/index.html#id1205">17.1. 全文索引（full-text index）</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/ch17s02.html">17.2. 人机对话</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/ch17s03.html">17.3. 情感分析</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/ch17s04.html">17.4. 常用的 Python 分词库</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/jieba.html">17.5. 结巴中文分词</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/jieba.html#id1206">17.5.1. 分词演示</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/jieba.html#id1207">17.5.2. 日志设置</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/jieba.html#id1208">17.5.3. 返回 generator</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/jieba.html#id1209">17.5.4. 返回 list</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/jieba.html#id1210">17.5.5. 精准模式与全模式比较</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/jieba.html#id1211">17.5.6. 精准模式与搜索引擎模式比较</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/jieba.html#id1212">17.5.7. 词性标注</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/jieba.html#id1216">17.5.8. 词典管理</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/jieba.html#id1219">17.5.9. 抽取文本标签</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/jieba.html#id1220">17.5.10. 返回词语在原文的起止位置</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/wordcloud.html">17.6. wordcloud</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/wordcloud.html#wordcloud_cli">17.6.1. wordcloud_cli</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/wordcloud.html#id1221">17.6.2. WordCloud 对象配置参数</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/wordcloud.html#id1222">17.6.3. 与分词共用</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/wordcloud.html#id1223">17.6.4. 遮罩图</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/LangExtract.html">17.7. LangExtract</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/transformers.html">17.8. Transformers 自然语言处理</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/ch17s09.html">17.9. 汉字转拼音</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/ch17s09.html#id1224">17.9.1. </a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="nlp/ch17s09.html#id1225">17.9.2. pypinyin</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="OpenAI/index.html">18. OpenAI</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="OpenAI/index.html#id1229">18.1. ChatGPT</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="OpenAI/index.html#id1226">18.1.1. openai api 1.0</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="OpenAI/index.html#id1227">18.1.2. gpt-3.5-turbo</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="OpenAI/index.html#id1228">18.1.3. 流式输出</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="OpenAI/ch18s02.html">18.2. Embedding</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="LangChain/index.html">19. LangChain</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="LangChain/index.html#id1230">19.1. 拆分文档</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="LangChain/ch19s02.html">19.2. 拆分文档</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="LangChain/ch19s02.html#id1231">19.2.1. 拆分文本</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="LangChain/ch19s02.html#id1232">19.2.2. 拆分代码</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="LangChain/ch19s02.html#id1233">19.2.3. 拆分 Markdown 文档</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="LangChain/ch19s02.html#id1234">19.2.4. 按token拆分</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="LangChain/LangChain.OpenAI.html">19.3. ChatGPT</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="LangChain/ch19s04.html">19.4. 相似度搜索</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="graphics.html">20. 图形开发</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="graphics.html#qrcode">20.1. 二维码</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="graphics.html#id1237">20.1.1. qrcode</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="graphics.html#MyQR">20.1.2. MyQR</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="graphics.html#id1238">20.1.3. 从图片识别二维码</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="graphics.html#id1239">20.1.4. 从摄像头识别二维码</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="graphviz.html">20.2. graphviz</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="graphviz.html#id1240">20.2.1. 安装 graphviz 环境</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="graphviz.html#id1241">20.2.2. 例子</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="pyro.html">20.3. Pyro - Pyro is short for PYthon Remote Objects</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="python-imaging.html">20.4. Python Imaging Library</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="opencv/index.html">20.5. OpenCV</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="opencv/index.html#id1242">20.5.1. 安装 OpenCV</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="opencv/index.html#id1243">20.5.2. 显示图片</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="opencv/index.html#id1244">20.5.3. 将BGR图像转为RGB</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="opencv/index.html#id1245">20.5.4. uint8 格式</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="opencv/index.html#id1246">20.5.5. 应用Canny边缘检测</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="opencv/index.html#id1247">20.5.6. 摄像头捕捉图像</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="opencv/index.html#id1248">20.5.7. imread()</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="opencv/index.html#opencv.channel]">20.5.8. 通道拆分/合并</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="opencv/index.html#opencv.hsv">20.5.9. HSV 色彩识别</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="opencv/index.html#id1249">20.5.10. 色阶调整</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="opencv/index.html#id1250">20.5.11. 亮度调节</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="pillow/index.html">20.6. PIL（Python Imaging Library）Python 图像处理库</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="pillow/index.html#pillow.setup">20.6.1. 安装</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pillow/index.html#image.resize">20.6.2. 缩放图像与尺寸修改</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pillow/index.html#image.paste">20.6.3. 叠加图像</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pillow/index.html#image.rotate">20.6.4. 图像旋转</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pillow/index.html#image.width.height">20.6.5. 获取图片信息</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pillow/index.html#image.new">20.6.6. 创建空图像</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pillow/index.html#image.crop">20.6.7. 裁剪</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pillow/index.html#image.convert">20.6.8. 彩色转灰度</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pillow/index.html#image.merge">20.6.9. RGB 通道操作</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pillow/index.html#image.pixel">20.6.10. 像素操作</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pillow/index.html#image.text">20.6.11. 图像上加文字</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pillow/index.html#image.point">20.6.12. 明暗调整</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pillow/index.html#image.fromarray">20.6.13. PIL 与 Numpy 相互转换</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pillow/index.html#image.diff">20.6.14. 比较两张图片</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch20s07.html">20.7. SVG 图形库</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch20s07.html#svg.tag">20.7.1. SVG 标签</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch20s07.html#drawsvg">20.7.2. drawsvg</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch20s07.html#CairoSVG">20.7.3. CairoSVG - SVG 转换为 PNG/PDF/PS</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="netkiller-chart.html">20.8. Netkiller SVG 图形库</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="netkiller-chart.html#id1269">20.8.1. 安装</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="netkiller-chart.html#id1285">20.8.2. SVG 图形库</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="netkiller-chart.html#id1288">20.8.3. Gantt 甘特图</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="netkiller-chart.html#id1289">20.8.4. 工作负载图</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="netkiller-chart.html#id1290">20.8.5. 思维导图</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="netkiller-chart.html#id1291">20.8.6. 石川鱼骨图</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="av.html">21. 音频和视频</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="camera/av.html#camera">21.1. 摄像头</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="audio/index.html">21.2. 音频处理</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="audio/index.html#id1292">21.2.1. 录音 WAV 文件</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="audio/index.html#id1293">21.2.2. 录音 mp3 文件</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="audio/index.html#id1294">21.2.3. Opus 文件录音</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="audio/index.html#id1298">21.2.4. 网络播放音频 PCM 流</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="audio/index.html#id1301">21.2.5. 网络传输音频 Opus</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="moviepy/index.html">21.3. MoviePy</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="moviepy/index.html#id1302">21.3.1. 安装 MoviePy</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="moviepy/index.html#image">21.3.2. 图片处理</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="moviepy/index.html#id1303">21.3.3. 图片转视频</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="moviepy/index.html#id1304">21.3.4. 图片生成视频</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="moviepy/index.html#id1306">21.3.5. 图片裁剪</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="moviepy/index.html#audio">21.3.6. 音频处理</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="moviepy/index.html#video">21.3.7. 视频处理</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="moviepy/index.html#id1315">21.3.8. 效果处理</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="moviepy/index.html#id1319">21.3.9. 字幕</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="moviepy/index.html#id1320">21.3.10. 音量大小调节</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="moviepy/index.html#id1321">21.3.11. 视频中设置背景音乐</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="moviepy/index.html#id1322">21.3.12. 画面截图</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="moviepy/index.html#id1324">21.3.13. FAQ 常见问题</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="rtc/index.html">21.4. Webrtc/Ortc/Voip</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="rtc/index.html#id1325">21.4.1. ICE Server</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="rtc/index.html#WebRTC.NVR">21.4.2. NVR（Network Video Recorder）网络视频录像机</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="rtc/index.html#WebRTC.Webcam">21.4.3. Webcam 网络直播</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="part"><a href="pt04.html">IV. Python 数据分析</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="crawler/index.html">22. Crawler</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="crawler/index.html#scrapy">22.1. Scrapy - Python web scraping and crawling framework</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="crawler/index.html#setup">22.1.1. 安装 scrapy 开发环境</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="crawler/index.html#scrapy">22.1.2. scrapy 命令</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="crawler/index.html#shell">22.1.3. Scrapy Shell</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="crawler/index.html#tutorial">22.1.4. 爬虫项目</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="crawler/index.html#images">22.1.5. 下载图片</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="crawler/index.html#xpath">22.1.6. xpath</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="pandas/index.html">23. Pandas - Python Data Analysis Library</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/index.html#id1339">23.1. 安装 pandas</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/ch23s02.html">23.2. 数据输入与输出</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/ch23s02.html#id1351">23.2.1. Pandas 处理 HTML</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/ch23s02.html#pandas.excel">23.2.2. Excel 处理</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/ch23s02.html#pandas.csv">23.2.3. Pandas 读写 CSV 文件</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/ch23s02.html#id1385">23.2.4. Pandas SQL</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/pandas.DataFrame.html">23.3. 数据帧(DataFrame)</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/pandas.DataFrame.html#id1386">23.3.1. 什么是 DataFrame</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/pandas.DataFrame.html#id1387">23.3.2. 如何创建 DataFrame</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/pandas.DataFrame.html#id1393">23.3.3. 行与列操作 index/columns</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/pandas.DataFrame.html#id1398">23.3.4. 数据访问</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/pandas.DataFrame.html#id1401">23.3.5. 添加操作</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/pandas.DataFrame.html#id1402">23.3.6. 删除操作</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/pandas.DataFrame.html#id1404">23.3.7. 插入数据</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/pandas.DataFrame.html#id1405">23.3.8. 替换操作</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/pandas.DataFrame.html#id1406">23.3.9. 筛选</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/pandas.DataFrame.html#id1407">23.3.10. 排序</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/pandas.DataFrame.html#id1408">23.3.11. 分类聚合</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/pandas.DataFrame.html#id1409">23.3.12. 数据去重</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/pandas.DataFrame.html#pandas.format">23.3.13. 数据格式化</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/pandas.DataFrame.html#id1413">23.3.14. 迭代输出</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/pandas.Series.html">23.4. 序列</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/pandas.Series.html#id1414">23.4.1. 创建 Series 对象</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/pandas.Series.html#id1415">23.4.2. Series 运算</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/pandas.Series.html#id1419">23.4.3. Series 常用方法</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/matplotlib.html">23.5. 数据可视化</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/matplotlib.html#id1428">23.5.1. 演示代码</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/matplotlib.html#id1432">23.5.2. 中文支持</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/matplotlib.html#id1433">23.5.3. 开启网格</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/matplotlib.html#id1438">23.5.4. 坐标轴</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/matplotlib.html#id1439">23.5.5. 边框设置</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/matplotlib.html#id1442">23.5.6. plot 设置</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/matplotlib.html#id1443">23.5.7. 保存为图片</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/matplotlib.html#id1444">23.5.8. matplotlib 绘图风格</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/ch23s06.html">23.6. Pandas 实用函数</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/ch23s06.html#id1445">23.6.1. 日期范围</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/ch23s06.html#id1446">23.6.2. </a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/ch23s07.html">23.7. FAQ</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/ch23s07.html#id1447">23.7.1. xlrd.biffh.XLRDError: Excel xlsx file; not supported</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pandas/ch23s07.html#id1448">23.7.2. Missing optional dependency 'xlrd'</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="stock/index.html">24. 股票</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="stock/index.html#id1451">24.1. easyquotation - 快速获取新浪/腾讯的全市场行情</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="stock/index.html#id1449">24.1.1. 安装</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="stock/index.html#id1450">24.1.2. 演示</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="stock/ch24s02.html">24.2. akshare</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="chart/index.html">25. 数据可视化</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="chart/index.html#matplotlib">25.1. matplotlib</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="chart/index.html#id1452">25.1.1. 直方图</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="chart/index.html#id1453">25.1.2. 显示中文</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="chart/index.html#id1454">25.1.3. 修改图像尺寸</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="chart/ch25s02.html">25.2. pyecharts</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="streamlit/index.html">26. Streamlit 数据可视化</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="streamlit/index.html#streamlit.install">26.1. 操作演示</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="streamlit/streamlit.package.html">26.2. 倒入 streamlit 包</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="streamlit/streamlit.table.html">26.3. 表格数据</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="streamlit/streamlit.metric.html">26.4. 监控指标</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="streamlit/streamlit.line.html">26.5. 折线图</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="streamlit/streamlit.bar.html">26.6. 柱状图</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="streamlit/streamlit.area.html">26.7. 区域图</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="streamlit/streamlit.map.html">26.8. 地图</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="ops/index.html">27. 自动化运维</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ops/index.html#日志中心">27.1. 日志中心</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ops/index.html#id1455">27.1.1. 什么是日志中心</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ops/index.html#id1456">27.1.2. 工作原理</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ops/index.html#id1457">27.1.3. 安装</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ops/index.html#id1460">27.1.4. 命令</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ops/index.html#id1465">27.1.5. 操作演示</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ops/防火墙.html">27.2. Python 开发防火墙</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ops/防火墙.html#id1466">27.2.1. 我为什么要开发一个防火墙软件？</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ops/防火墙.html#id1467">27.2.2. 安装 Python 防火墙</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ops/防火墙.html#id1468">27.2.3. 切换防火墙规则</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ops/防火墙.html#id1469">27.2.4. 规则库</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ops/ch27s03.html">27.3. 监视文件系统</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ops/ch27s03.html#id1474">27.3.1. watchdog</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ops/ch27s03.html#id1475">27.3.2. pyinotify</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="ops/container.html">27.4. 容器</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="ops/container.html#id1476">27.4.1. 在 Docker 容器中运行 Python 项目</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ops/container.html#id1477">27.4.2. 在 kubernetes 中部署项目</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="office/index.html">28. 办公自动化</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/index.html#pdf">28.1. Python 处理 PDF 文件</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/index.html#id1478">28.1.1. Word 转 PDF</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/index.html#id1486">28.1.2. 提取 PDF 文件中的文字和表格</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/index.html#id1487">28.1.3. PyPDF2</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/word.html">28.2. Word 文字处理</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/word.html#id1488">28.2.1. 安装 </a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/word.html#id1489">28.2.2. 创建空白文档</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/word.html#id1490">28.2.3. 添加标题</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/word.html#id1491">28.2.4. 添加段落</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/word.html#id1492">28.2.5. 列表</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/word.html#id1493">28.2.6. 表格</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/word.html#id1494">28.2.7. 添加图片</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/word.html#id1495">28.2.8. 强制分页</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/word.html#id1506">28.2.9. 样式</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/word.html#id1509">28.2.10. 演示例子</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/word.html#id1510">28.2.11. 另存操作</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/word.html#id1512">28.2.12. 读取 Word 文档</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/word.html#id1514">28.2.13. Word 模版合并</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/excel.html">28.3. Python 处理 Excel</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/excel.html#openpyxl">28.3.1. openpyxl - A Python library to read/write Excel 2010 xlsx/xlsm files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/excel.html#id1552">28.3.2. xlrd/xlwt/xlutils</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="office/excel.html#xlwings">28.3.3. xlwings</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="example/index.html">29. 实用代码</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="example/index.html#randomname">29.1. 随机生成姓名</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="example/ch29s02.html">29.2. 心知天气</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="faq.html">30. FAQ</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="faq.html#faq.zlib">30.1. ImportError: No module named 'zlib'</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="UnicodeDecodeError.html">30.2. UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xb2 in position 679: invalid start byte</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch30s03.html">30.3. ERROR: Could not install packages due to an EnvironmentError: [Errno 28] No space left on device</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="ch30s04.html">30.4. websocket closed due to [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl.c:1077)</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="list-of-examples"><p><strong>范例清单</strong></p><dl><dt>2.1. <a href="library/socket.html#id1553">SimpleHTTPServer</a></dt><dt>2.2. <a href="library/python-memcached.html#id1554">memcached.py</a></dt><dt>6.1. <a href="pyramid.html#id1555">__init__.py</a></dt><dt>16.1. <a href="ch16s03.html#id1556">找出图片中头像</a></dt><dt>23.1. <a href="pandas/ch23s02.html#id1557">Pandas 打开工作表的四种方法</a></dt><dt>29.1. <a href="example/index.html#id1558">随机生成姓名</a></dt><dt>29.2. <a href="example/index.html#id1559">词库生成姓名</a></dt></dl></div>
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