Thanks. According to the linked page, one would need version 14.0 for python 3.6. This translates into Visual Studio 2015. Yet on the page it links to, there are only the Build Tools for Visual Studio 2017 available. This uses version 14.13.26128. Using it, there is the error

fatal error C1047: The file ".\lib\png.lib" has been created with an older compiler.

Complete error message

(myenv) D:\Data\Computer\Entwicklung\python\matplotlib\source\matplotlib>build_alllocal.cmd

(myenv) D:\Data\Computer\Entwicklung\python\matplotlib\source\matplotlib>set TARGET=bdist_wheel

(myenv) D:\Data\Computer\Entwicklung\python\matplotlib\source\matplotlib>IF [] == [] (echo Using default target: bdist_wheel )  else (
set TARGET=
 echo Using user supplied target: bdist_wheel
)
Using default target: bdist_wheel

(myenv) D:\Data\Computer\Entwicklung\python\matplotlib\source\matplotlib>IF NOT DEFINED CONDA_PREFIX (
echo No Conda env activated: you need to create a conda env with the right packages and activate it!
 GOTO:eof
)

(myenv) D:\Data\Computer\Entwicklung\python\matplotlib\source\matplotlib>set LIBRARY_LIB=D:\Programme\Entwicklung\Miniconda3\envs\myenv\Library\lib

(myenv) D:\Data\Computer\Entwicklung\python\matplotlib\source\matplotlib>mkdir lib   || cmd /c "exit /b 0"
Ein Unterverzeichnis oder eine Datei mit dem Namen "lib" existiert bereits.

(myenv) D:\Data\Computer\Entwicklung\python\matplotlib\source\matplotlib>copy D:\Programme\Entwicklung\Miniconda3\envs\myenv\Library\lib\zlibstatic.lib lib\z.li
b
        1 Datei(en) kopiert.

(myenv) D:\Data\Computer\Entwicklung\python\matplotlib\source\matplotlib>copy D:\Programme\Entwicklung\Miniconda3\envs\myenv\Library\lib\libpng_static.lib lib\p
ng.lib
        1 Datei(en) kopiert.

(myenv) D:\Data\Computer\Entwicklung\python\matplotlib\source\matplotlib>set MPLBASEDIRLIST=D:\Programme\Entwicklung\Miniconda3\envs\myenv\Library\;.

(myenv) D:\Data\Computer\Entwicklung\python\matplotlib\source\matplotlib>python setup.py bdist_wheel
============================================================================
Edit setup.cfg to change the build options

BUILDING MATPLOTLIB
            matplotlib: yes [2.2.0+622.g5e52ce11a]
                python: yes [3.6.4 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Mar 12 2018,
                        20:20:50) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)]]
              platform: yes [win32]

REQUIRED DEPENDENCIES AND EXTENSIONS
                 numpy: yes [version 1.14.2]
      install_requires: yes [handled by setuptools]
                libagg: yes [pkg-config information for 'libagg' could not
                        be found. Using local copy.]
              freetype: yes [Using unknown version found on system.]
                   png: yes [Using unknown version found on system.]
                 qhull: yes [pkg-config information for 'libqhull' could not
                        be found. Using local copy.]

OPTIONAL SUBPACKAGES
           sample_data: yes [installing]
              toolkits: yes [installing]
                 tests: no  [skipping due to configuration]
        toolkits_tests: no  [skipping due to configuration]

OPTIONAL BACKEND EXTENSIONS
                macosx: no  [Mac OS-X only]
                qt5agg: yes [installing, Qt: 5.6.2, PyQt: 5.6; PySide2 not
                        found]
                qt4agg: no  [PySide not found; PyQt4 not found]
               gtk3agg: no  [Requires pygobject to be installed.]
             gtk3cairo: no  [Requires cairocffi or pycairo to be installed.]
                 tkagg: yes [installing; run-time loading from Python Tcl /
                        Tk]
                 wxagg: no  [requires wxPython]
                   agg: yes [installing]
                 cairo: no  [cairocffi or pycairo not found]
             windowing: yes [installing]

OPTIONAL PACKAGE DATA
                  dlls: no  [skipping due to configuration]

running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
UPDATING build\lib.win-amd64-3.6\matplotlib\_version.py
set build\lib.win-amd64-3.6\matplotlib\_version.py to '2.2.0+622.g5e52ce11a'
running build_ext
building 'matplotlib._png' extension
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\BuildTools\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.13.26128\bin\HostX86\x64\cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /W3 /GL /DNDEBUG /MD -DPY_ARRAY_U
NIQUE_SYMBOL=MPL_matplotlib__png_ARRAY_API -DNPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API=NPY_1_7_API_VERSION -D__STDC_FORMAT_MACROS=1 -ID:\Programme\Entwicklung\Miniconda3\envs\myenv
\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include -ID:\Programme\Entwicklung\Miniconda3\envs\myenv\Library\include -I. -ID:\Programme\Entwicklung\Miniconda3\envs\myenv\incl
ude -ID:\Programme\Entwicklung\Miniconda3\envs\myenv\include "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\BuildTools\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.13.26128\include
" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.16299.0\ucrt" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.16299.0\shared" "-IC:\Program File
s (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.16299.0\um" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.16299.0\winrt" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10
\include\10.0.16299.0\cppwinrt" /EHsc /Tpsrc/_png.cpp /Fobuild\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\src/_png.obj
_png.cpp
src/_png.cpp(331): warning C4244: "Argument": Konvertierung von "Py_ssize_t" in "int", möglicher Datenverlust
src/_png.cpp(313): warning C4996: 'sprintf': This function or variable may be unsafe. Consider using sprintf_s instead. To disable deprecation, use _CRT_SECURE_
NO_WARNINGS. See online help for details.
C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.16299.0\ucrt\stdio.h(1772): note: Siehe Deklaration von "sprintf"
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\BuildTools\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.13.26128\bin\HostX86\x64\cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /W3 /GL /DNDEBUG /MD -DPY_ARRAY_U
NIQUE_SYMBOL=MPL_matplotlib__png_ARRAY_API -DNPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API=NPY_1_7_API_VERSION -D__STDC_FORMAT_MACROS=1 -ID:\Programme\Entwicklung\Miniconda3\envs\myenv
\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include -ID:\Programme\Entwicklung\Miniconda3\envs\myenv\Library\include -I. -ID:\Programme\Entwicklung\Miniconda3\envs\myenv\incl
ude -ID:\Programme\Entwicklung\Miniconda3\envs\myenv\include "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\BuildTools\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.13.26128\include
" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.16299.0\ucrt" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.16299.0\shared" "-IC:\Program File
s (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.16299.0\um" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.16299.0\winrt" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10
\include\10.0.16299.0\cppwinrt" /EHsc /Tpsrc/mplutils.cpp /Fobuild\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\src/mplutils.obj
mplutils.cpp
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\BuildTools\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.13.26128\bin\HostX86\x64\link.exe /nologo /INCREMENTAL:NO /LTCG /DLL /MANIFEST:E
MBED,ID=2 /MANIFESTUAC:NO /LIBPATH:D:\Programme\Entwicklung\Miniconda3\envs\myenv\Library\lib /LIBPATH:.\lib /LIBPATH:D:\Programme\Entwicklung\Miniconda3\envs\m
yenv\libs /LIBPATH:D:\Programme\Entwicklung\Miniconda3\envs\myenv\PCbuild\amd64 "/LIBPATH:C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\BuildTools\VC\Tool
s\MSVC\14.13.26128\lib\x64" "/LIBPATH:C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\lib\10.0.16299.0\ucrt\x64" "/LIBPATH:C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\lib\10.
0.16299.0\um\x64" png.lib z.lib /EXPORT:PyInit__png build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\src/_png.obj build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\src/mplutils.obj /OUT:build\l
ib.win-amd64-3.6\matplotlib\_png.cp36-win_amd64.pyd /IMPLIB:build\temp.win-amd64-3.6\Release\src\_png.cp36-win_amd64.lib
fatal error C1047: Die Objekt- oder Bibliotheksdatei ".\lib\png.lib" wurde mit einem älteren Compiler als andere Objekte erstellt. Erstellen Sie die alten Objek
te und Bibliotheken neu.
LINK : fatal error LNK1257: Fehler bei Codegenerierung.
error: command 'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio\\2017\\BuildTools\\VC\\Tools\\MSVC\\14.13.26128\\bin\\HostX86\\x64\\link.exe' failed with exit
status 1257

There does not seem to be a Build Tools 2015 available? Or is the problem a totally different one?

Uh oh!

Re-opening Definitive Docs for compilation on Windows. #7418

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