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"""
Matplotlib provides sophisticated date plotting capabilities, standing on the
shoulders of python :mod:`datetime` and the add-on module :mod:`dateutil`.
.. _date-format:
Matplotlib date format
----------------------
Matplotlib represents dates using floating point numbers specifying the number
of days since 0001-01-01 UTC, plus 1. For example, 0001-01-01, 06:00 is 1.25,
not 0.25. Values < 1, i.e. dates before 0001-01-01 UTC, are not supported.
There are a number of helper functions to convert between :mod:`datetime`
objects and Matplotlib dates:
.. currentmodule:: matplotlib.dates
.. autosummary::
:nosignatures:
datestr2num
date2num
num2date
num2timedelta
epoch2num
num2epoch
drange
.. note::
Like Python's datetime, Matplotlib uses the Gregorian calendar for all
conversions between dates and floating point numbers. This practice
is not universal, and calendar differences can cause confusing
differences between what Python and Matplotlib give as the number of days
since 0001-01-01 and what other software and databases yield. For
example, the US Naval Observatory uses a calendar that switches
from Julian to Gregorian in October, 1582. Hence, using their
calculator, the number of days between 0001-01-01 and 2006-04-01 is
732403, whereas using the Gregorian calendar via the datetime
module we find::
In [1]: date(2006, 4, 1).toordinal() - date(1, 1, 1).toordinal()
Out[1]: 732401
All the Matplotlib date converters, tickers and formatters are timezone aware.
If no explicit timezone is provided, :rc:`timezone` is assumed. If you want to
use a custom time zone, pass a `datetime.tzinfo` instance with the tz keyword
argument to `num2date`, `~.Axes.plot_date`, and any custom date tickers or
locators you create.
A wide range of specific and general purpose date tick locators and
formatters are provided in this module. See
:mod:`matplotlib.ticker` for general information on tick locators
and formatters. These are described below.
The dateutil_ module provides additional code to handle date ticking, making it
easy to place ticks on any kinds of dates. See examples below.
.. _dateutil: https://dateutil.readthedocs.io
Date tickers
------------
Most of the date tickers can locate single or multiple values. For
example::
# import constants for the days of the week
from matplotlib.dates import MO, TU, WE, TH, FR, SA, SU
# tick on mondays every week
loc = WeekdayLocator(byweekday=MO, tz=tz)
# tick on mondays and saturdays
loc = WeekdayLocator(byweekday=(MO, SA))
In addition, most of the constructors take an interval argument::
# tick on mondays every second week
loc = WeekdayLocator(byweekday=MO, interval=2)
The rrule locator allows completely general date ticking::
# tick every 5th easter
rule = rrulewrapper(YEARLY, byeaster=1, interval=5)
loc = RRuleLocator(rule)
The available date tickers are:
* `MicrosecondLocator`: locate microseconds
* `SecondLocator`: locate seconds
* `MinuteLocator`: locate minutes
* `HourLocator`: locate hours
* `DayLocator`: locate specified days of the month
* `WeekdayLocator`: Locate days of the week, e.g., MO, TU
* `MonthLocator`: locate months, e.g., 7 for july
* `YearLocator`: locate years that are multiples of base
* `RRuleLocator`: locate using a `matplotlib.dates.rrulewrapper`.
`.rrulewrapper` is a simple wrapper around dateutil_'s `dateutil.rrule` which
allow almost arbitrary date tick specifications. See :doc:`rrule example
</gallery/ticks_and_spines/date_demo_rrule>`.
* `AutoDateLocator`: On autoscale, this class picks the best `DateLocator`
(e.g., `RRuleLocator`) to set the view limits and the tick locations. If
called with ``interval_multiples=True`` it will make ticks line up with
sensible multiples of the tick intervals. E.g. if the interval is 4 hours,
it will pick hours 0, 4, 8, etc as ticks. This behaviour is not guaranteed
by default.
Date formatters
---------------
The available date formatters are:
* `AutoDateFormatter`: attempts to figure out the best format to use. This is
most useful when used with the `AutoDateLocator`.
* `ConciseDateFormatter`: also attempts to figure out the best format to use,
and to make the format as compact as possible while still having complete
date information. This is most useful when used with the `AutoDateLocator`.
* `DateFormatter`: use `~datetime.datetime.strftime` format strings.
* `IndexDateFormatter`: date plots with implicit *x* indexing.
"""
import datetime
import functools
import logging
import math
import re
import time
import warnings
from dateutil.rrule import (rrule, MO, TU, WE, TH, FR, SA, SU, YEARLY,
MONTHLY, WEEKLY, DAILY, HOURLY, MINUTELY,
SECONDLY)
from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta
import dateutil.parser
import dateutil.tz
import numpy as np
import matplotlib
from matplotlib import rcParams
import matplotlib.units as units
import matplotlib.cbook as cbook
import matplotlib.ticker as ticker
__all__ = ('datestr2num', 'date2num', 'num2date', 'num2timedelta', 'drange',
'epoch2num', 'num2epoch', 'mx2num', 'DateFormatter',
'ConciseDateFormatter', 'IndexDateFormatter', 'AutoDateFormatter',
'DateLocator', 'RRuleLocator', 'AutoDateLocator', 'YearLocator',
'MonthLocator', 'WeekdayLocator',
'DayLocator', 'HourLocator', 'MinuteLocator',
'SecondLocator', 'MicrosecondLocator',
'rrule', 'MO', 'TU', 'WE', 'TH', 'FR', 'SA', 'SU',
'YEARLY', 'MONTHLY', 'WEEKLY', 'DAILY',
'HOURLY', 'MINUTELY', 'SECONDLY', 'MICROSECONDLY', 'relativedelta',
'seconds', 'minutes', 'hours', 'weeks')
_log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
UTC = datetime.timezone.utc
def _get_rc_timezone():
"""Retrieve the preferred timezone from the rcParams dictionary."""
s = matplotlib.rcParams['timezone']
if s == 'UTC':
return UTC
return dateutil.tz.gettz(s)
"""
Time-related constants.
"""
EPOCH_OFFSET = float(datetime.datetime(1970, 1, 1).toordinal())
JULIAN_OFFSET = 1721424.5 # Julian date at 0001-01-01
MICROSECONDLY = SECONDLY + 1
HOURS_PER_DAY = 24.
MIN_PER_HOUR = 60.
SEC_PER_MIN = 60.
MONTHS_PER_YEAR = 12.
DAYS_PER_WEEK = 7.
DAYS_PER_MONTH = 30.
DAYS_PER_YEAR = 365.0
MINUTES_PER_DAY = MIN_PER_HOUR * HOURS_PER_DAY
SEC_PER_HOUR = SEC_PER_MIN * MIN_PER_HOUR
SEC_PER_DAY = SEC_PER_HOUR * HOURS_PER_DAY
SEC_PER_WEEK = SEC_PER_DAY * DAYS_PER_WEEK
MUSECONDS_PER_DAY = 1e6 * SEC_PER_DAY
MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY, SUNDAY = (
MO, TU, WE, TH, FR, SA, SU)
WEEKDAYS = (MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY, SUNDAY)
def _to_ordinalf(dt):
"""
Convert :mod:`datetime` or :mod:`date` to the Gregorian date as UTC float
days, preserving hours, minutes, seconds and microseconds. Return value
is a :func:`float`.
"""
# Convert to UTC
tzi = getattr(dt, 'tzinfo', None)
if tzi is not None:
dt = dt.astimezone(UTC)
tzi = UTC
base = float(dt.toordinal())
# If it's sufficiently datetime-like, it will have a `date()` method
cdate = getattr(dt, 'date', lambda: None)()
if cdate is not None:
# Get a datetime object at midnight UTC
midnight_time = datetime.time(0, tzinfo=tzi)
rdt = datetime.datetime.combine(cdate, midnight_time)
# Append the seconds as a fraction of a day
base += (dt - rdt).total_seconds() / SEC_PER_DAY
return base
# a version of _to_ordinalf that can operate on numpy arrays
_to_ordinalf_np_vectorized = np.vectorize(_to_ordinalf)
def _dt64_to_ordinalf(d):
"""
Convert `numpy.datetime64` or an ndarray of those types to Gregorian
date as UTC float. Roundoff is via float64 precision. Practically:
microseconds for dates between 290301 BC, 294241 AD, milliseconds for
larger dates (see `numpy.datetime64`). Nanoseconds aren't possible
because we do times compared to ``0001-01-01T00:00:00`` (plus one day).
"""
# the "extra" ensures that we at least allow the dynamic range out to
# seconds. That should get out to +/-2e11 years.
extra = (d - d.astype('datetime64[s]')).astype('timedelta64[ns]')
t0 = np.datetime64('0001-01-01T00:00:00', 's')
dt = (d.astype('datetime64[s]') - t0).astype(np.float64)
dt += extra.astype(np.float64) / 1.0e9
dt = dt / SEC_PER_DAY + 1.0
NaT_int = np.datetime64('NaT').astype(np.int64)
d_int = d.astype(np.int64)
try:
dt[d_int == NaT_int] = np.nan
except TypeError:
if d_int == NaT_int:
dt = np.nan
return dt
def _from_ordinalf(x, tz=None):
"""
Convert Gregorian float of the date, preserving hours, minutes,
seconds and microseconds. Return value is a `.datetime`.
The input date *x* is a float in ordinal days at UTC, and the output will
be the specified `.datetime` object corresponding to that time in
timezone *tz*, or if *tz* is ``None``, in the timezone specified in
:rc:`timezone`.
"""
if tz is None:
tz = _get_rc_timezone()
ix, remainder = divmod(x, 1)
ix = int(ix)
if ix < 1:
raise ValueError('Cannot convert {} to a date. This often happens if '
'non-datetime values are passed to an axis that '
'expects datetime objects.'.format(ix))
dt = datetime.datetime.fromordinal(ix).replace(tzinfo=UTC)
# Since the input date *x* float is unable to preserve microsecond
# precision of time representation in non-antique years, the
# resulting datetime is rounded to the nearest multiple of
# `musec_prec`. A value of 20 is appropriate for current dates.
musec_prec = 20
remainder_musec = int(round(remainder * MUSECONDS_PER_DAY / musec_prec)
* musec_prec)
# For people trying to plot with full microsecond precision, enable
# an early-year workaround
if x < 30 * 365:
remainder_musec = int(round(remainder * MUSECONDS_PER_DAY))
# add hours, minutes, seconds, microseconds
dt += datetime.timedelta(microseconds=remainder_musec)
return dt.astimezone(tz)
# a version of _from_ordinalf that can operate on numpy arrays
_from_ordinalf_np_vectorized = np.vectorize(_from_ordinalf)
@cbook.deprecated(
"3.1", alternative="time.strptime or dateutil.parser.parse or datestr2num")
class strpdate2num:
"""
Use this class to parse date strings to matplotlib datenums when
you know the date format string of the date you are parsing.
"""
def __init__(self, fmt):
"""
Parameters
----------
fmt : any valid strptime format
"""
self.fmt = fmt
def __call__(self, s):
"""
Parameters
----------
s : str
Returns
-------
date2num float
"""
return date2num(datetime.datetime(*time.strptime(s, self.fmt)[:6]))
@cbook.deprecated(
"3.1", alternative="time.strptime or dateutil.parser.parse or datestr2num")
class bytespdate2num(strpdate2num):
"""
Use this class to parse date strings to matplotlib datenums when
you know the date format string of the date you are parsing. See
:doc:`/gallery/misc/load_converter.py`.
"""
def __init__(self, fmt, encoding='utf-8'):
"""
Parameters
----------
fmt : any valid strptime format
encoding : str
Encoding to use on byte input.
"""
super().__init__(fmt)
self.encoding = encoding
def __call__(self, b):
"""
Parameters
----------
b : bytes
Returns
-------
date2num float
"""
s = b.decode(self.encoding)
return super().__call__(s)
# a version of dateutil.parser.parse that can operate on numpy arrays
_dateutil_parser_parse_np_vectorized = np.vectorize(dateutil.parser.parse)
def datestr2num(d, default=None):
"""
Convert a date string to a datenum using :func:`dateutil.parser.parse`.
Parameters
----------
d : str or sequence of str
The dates to convert.
default : datetime instance, optional
The default date to use when fields are missing in *d*.
"""
if isinstance(d, str):
dt = dateutil.parser.parse(d, default=default)
return date2num(dt)
else:
if default is not None:
d = [dateutil.parser.parse(s, default=default) for s in d]
d = np.asarray(d)
if not d.size:
return d
return date2num(_dateutil_parser_parse_np_vectorized(d))
def date2num(d):
"""
Convert datetime objects to Matplotlib dates.
Parameters
----------
d : `datetime.datetime` or `numpy.datetime64` or sequences of these
Returns
-------
float or sequence of floats
Number of days (fraction part represents hours, minutes, seconds, ms)
since 0001-01-01 00:00:00 UTC, plus one.
Notes
-----
The addition of one here is a historical artifact. Also, note that the
Gregorian calendar is assumed; this is not universal practice.
For details see the module docstring.
"""
if hasattr(d, "values"):
# this unpacks pandas series or dataframes...
d = d.values
if not np.iterable(d):
if (isinstance(d, np.datetime64) or
(isinstance(d, np.ndarray) and
np.issubdtype(d.dtype, np.datetime64))):
return _dt64_to_ordinalf(d)
return _to_ordinalf(d)
else:
d = np.asarray(d)
if np.issubdtype(d.dtype, np.datetime64):
return _dt64_to_ordinalf(d)
if not d.size:
return d
return _to_ordinalf_np_vectorized(d)
def julian2num(j):
"""
Convert a Julian date (or sequence) to a Matplotlib date (or sequence).
Parameters
----------
j : float or sequence of floats
Julian date(s)
Returns
-------
float or sequence of floats
Matplotlib date(s)
"""
return np.subtract(j, JULIAN_OFFSET) # Handles both scalar & nonscalar j.
def num2julian(n):
"""
Convert a Matplotlib date (or sequence) to a Julian date (or sequence).
Parameters
----------
n : float or sequence of floats
Matplotlib date(s)
Returns
-------
float or sequence of floats
Julian date(s)
"""
return np.add(n, JULIAN_OFFSET) # Handles both scalar & nonscalar j.
def num2date(x, tz=None):
"""
Convert Matplotlib dates to `~datetime.datetime` objects.
Parameters
----------
x : float or sequence of floats
Number of days (fraction part represents hours, minutes, seconds)
since 0001-01-01 00:00:00 UTC, plus one.
tz : str, optional
Timezone of *x* (defaults to rcparams ``timezone``).
Returns
-------
`~datetime.datetime` or sequence of `~datetime.datetime`
Dates are returned in timezone *tz*.
If *x* is a sequence, a sequence of :class:`datetime` objects will
be returned.
Notes
-----
The addition of one here is a historical artifact. Also, note that the
Gregorian calendar is assumed; this is not universal practice.
For details, see the module docstring.
"""
if tz is None:
tz = _get_rc_timezone()
if not np.iterable(x):
return _from_ordinalf(x, tz)
else:
x = np.asarray(x)
if not x.size:
return x
return _from_ordinalf_np_vectorized(x, tz).tolist()
def _ordinalf_to_timedelta(x):
return datetime.timedelta(days=x)
_ordinalf_to_timedelta_np_vectorized = np.vectorize(_ordinalf_to_timedelta)
def num2timedelta(x):
"""
Convert number of days to a `~datetime.timedelta` object.
If *x* is a sequence, a sequence of `~datetime.timedelta` objects will
be returned.
Parameters
----------
x : float, sequence of floats
Number of days. The fraction part represents hours, minutes, seconds.
Returns
-------
`datetime.timedelta` or list[`datetime.timedelta`]
"""
if not np.iterable(x):
return _ordinalf_to_timedelta(x)
else:
x = np.asarray(x)
if not x.size:
return x
return _ordinalf_to_timedelta_np_vectorized(x).tolist()
def drange(dstart, dend, delta):
"""
Return a sequence of equally spaced Matplotlib dates.
The dates start at *dstart* and reach up to, but not including *dend*.
They are spaced by *delta*.
Parameters
----------
dstart, dend : `~datetime.datetime`
The date limits.
delta : `datetime.timedelta`
Spacing of the dates.
Returns
-------
drange : `numpy.array`
A list floats representing Matplotlib dates.
"""
f1 = date2num(dstart)
f2 = date2num(dend)
step = delta.total_seconds() / SEC_PER_DAY
# calculate the difference between dend and dstart in times of delta
num = int(np.ceil((f2 - f1) / step))
# calculate end of the interval which will be generated
dinterval_end = dstart + num * delta
# ensure, that an half open interval will be generated [dstart, dend)
if dinterval_end >= dend:
# if the endpoint is greater than dend, just subtract one delta
dinterval_end -= delta
num -= 1
f2 = date2num(dinterval_end) # new float-endpoint
return np.linspace(f1, f2, num + 1)
## date tickers and formatters ###
class DateFormatter(ticker.Formatter):
"""
Format a tick (in days since the epoch) with a
`~datetime.datetime.strftime` format string.
"""
illegal_s = re.compile(r"((^|[^%])(%%)*%s)")
def __init__(self, fmt, tz=None):
"""
Parameters
----------
fmt : str
`~datetime.datetime.strftime` format string
tz : `tzinfo`, default: :rc:`timezone`
Ticks timezone.
"""
if tz is None:
tz = _get_rc_timezone()
self.fmt = fmt
self.tz = tz
def __call__(self, x, pos=0):
if x == 0:
raise ValueError('DateFormatter found a value of x=0, which is '
'an illegal date; this usually occurs because '
'you have not informed the axis that it is '
'plotting dates, e.g., with ax.xaxis_date()')
return num2date(x, self.tz).strftime(self.fmt)
def set_tzinfo(self, tz):
self.tz = tz
class IndexDateFormatter(ticker.Formatter):
"""Use with `.IndexLocator` to cycle format strings by index."""
def __init__(self, t, fmt, tz=None):
"""
*t* is a sequence of dates (floating point days). *fmt* is a
`~datetime.datetime.strftime` format string.
"""
if tz is None:
tz = _get_rc_timezone()
self.t = t
self.fmt = fmt
self.tz = tz
def __call__(self, x, pos=0):
'Return the label for time *x* at position *pos*'
ind = int(round(x))
if ind >= len(self.t) or ind <= 0:
return ''
return num2date(self.t[ind], self.tz).strftime(self.fmt)
class ConciseDateFormatter(ticker.Formatter):
"""
This class attempts to figure out the best format to use for the
date, and to make it as compact as possible, but still be complete. This is
most useful when used with the `AutoDateLocator`::
>>> locator = AutoDateLocator()
>>> formatter = ConciseDateFormatter(locator)
Parameters
----------
locator : `.ticker.Locator`
Locator that this axis is using.
tz : str, optional
Passed to `.dates.date2num`.
formats : list of 6 strings, optional
Format strings for 6 levels of tick labelling: mostly years,
months, days, hours, minutes, and seconds. Strings use
the same format codes as `strftime`. Default is
``['%Y', '%b', '%d', '%H:%M', '%H:%M', '%S.%f']``
zero_formats : list of 6 strings, optional
Format strings for tick labels that are "zeros" for a given tick
level. For instance, if most ticks are months, ticks around 1 Jan 2005
will be labeled "Dec", "2005", "Feb". The default is
``['', '%Y', '%b', '%b-%d', '%H:%M', '%H:%M']``
offset_formats : list of 6 strings, optional
Format strings for the 6 levels that is applied to the "offset"
string found on the right side of an x-axis, or top of a y-axis.
Combined with the tick labels this should completely specify the
date. The default is::
['', '%Y', '%Y-%b', '%Y-%b-%d', '%Y-%b-%d', '%Y-%b-%d %H:%M']
show_offset : bool
Whether to show the offset or not. Default is ``True``.
Examples
--------
See :doc:`/gallery/ticks_and_spines/date_concise_formatter`
.. plot::
import datetime
import matplotlib.dates as mdates
base = datetime.datetime(2005, 2, 1)
dates = np.array([base + datetime.timedelta(hours=(2 * i))
for i in range(732)])
N = len(dates)
np.random.seed(19680801)
y = np.cumsum(np.random.randn(N))
fig, ax = plt.subplots(constrained_layout=True)
locator = mdates.AutoDateLocator()
formatter = mdates.ConciseDateFormatter(locator)
ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(locator)
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(formatter)
ax.plot(dates, y)
ax.set_title('Concise Date Formatter')
"""
def __init__(self, locator, tz=None, formats=None, offset_formats=None,
zero_formats=None, show_offset=True):
"""
Autoformat the date labels. The default format is used to form an
initial string, and then redundant elements are removed.
"""
self._locator = locator
self._tz = tz
self.defaultfmt = '%Y'
# there are 6 levels with each level getting a specific format
# 0: mostly years, 1: months, 2: days,
# 3: hours, 4: minutes, 5: seconds
if formats:
if len(formats) != 6:
raise ValueError('formats argument must be a list of '
'6 format strings (or None)')
self.formats = formats
else:
self.formats = ['%Y', # ticks are mostly years
'%b', # ticks are mostly months
'%d', # ticks are mostly days
'%H:%M', # hrs
'%H:%M', # min
'%S.%f', # secs
]
# fmt for zeros ticks at this level. These are
# ticks that should be labeled w/ info the level above.
# like 1 Jan can just be labled "Jan". 02:02:00 can
# just be labeled 02:02.
if zero_formats:
if len(zero_formats) != 6:
raise ValueError('zero_formats argument must be a list of '
'6 format strings (or None)')
self.zero_formats = zero_formats
elif formats:
# use the users formats for the zero tick formats
self.zero_formats = [''] + self.formats[:-1]
else:
# make the defaults a bit nicer:
self.zero_formats = [''] + self.formats[:-1]
self.zero_formats[3] = '%b-%d'
if offset_formats:
if len(offset_formats) != 6:
raise ValueError('offsetfmts argument must be a list of '
'6 format strings (or None)')
self.offset_formats = offset_formats
else:
self.offset_formats = ['',
'%Y',
'%Y-%b',
'%Y-%b-%d',
'%Y-%b-%d',
'%Y-%b-%d %H:%M']
self.offset_string = ''
self.show_offset = show_offset
def __call__(self, x, pos=None):
formatter = DateFormatter(self.defaultfmt, self._tz)
return formatter(x, pos=pos)
def format_ticks(self, values):
tickdatetime = [num2date(value, tz=self._tz) for value in values]
tickdate = np.array([tdt.timetuple()[:6] for tdt in tickdatetime])
# basic algorithm:
# 1) only display a part of the date if it changes over the ticks.
# 2) don't display the smaller part of the date if:
# it is always the same or if it is the start of the
# year, month, day etc.
# fmt for most ticks at this level
fmts = self.formats
# format beginnings of days, months, years, etc...
zerofmts = self.zero_formats
# offset fmt are for the offset in the upper left of the
# or lower right of the axis.
offsetfmts = self.offset_formats
# determine the level we will label at:
# mostly 0: years, 1: months, 2: days,
# 3: hours, 4: minutes, 5: seconds, 6: microseconds
for level in range(5, -1, -1):
if len(np.unique(tickdate[:, level])) > 1:
break
# level is the basic level we will label at.
# now loop through and decide the actual ticklabels
zerovals = [0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0]
labels = [''] * len(tickdate)
for nn in range(len(tickdate)):
if level < 5:
if tickdate[nn][level] == zerovals[level]:
fmt = zerofmts[level]
else:
fmt = fmts[level]
else:
# special handling for seconds + microseconds
if (tickdatetime[nn].second == tickdatetime[nn].microsecond
== 0):
fmt = zerofmts[level]
else:
fmt = fmts[level]
labels[nn] = tickdatetime[nn].strftime(fmt)
# special handling of seconds and microseconds:
# strip extra zeros and decimal if possible.
# this is complicated by two factors. 1) we have some level-4 strings
# here (i.e. 03:00, '0.50000', '1.000') 2) we would like to have the
# same number of decimals for each string (i.e. 0.5 and 1.0).
if level >= 5:
trailing_zeros = min(
(len(s) - len(s.rstrip('0')) for s in labels if '.' in s),
default=None)
if trailing_zeros:
for nn in range(len(labels)):
if '.' in labels[nn]:
labels[nn] = labels[nn][:-trailing_zeros].rstrip('.')
if self.show_offset:
# set the offset string:
self.offset_string = tickdatetime[-1].strftime(offsetfmts[level])
return labels
def get_offset(self):
return self.offset_string
def format_data_short(self, value):
return num2date(value, tz=self._tz).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
class AutoDateFormatter(ticker.Formatter):
"""
This class attempts to figure out the best format to use. This is
most useful when used with the `AutoDateLocator`.
The AutoDateFormatter has a scale dictionary that maps the scale
of the tick (the distance in days between one major tick) and a
format string. The default looks like this::
self.scaled = {
DAYS_PER_YEAR: rcParams['date.autoformat.year'],
DAYS_PER_MONTH: rcParams['date.autoformat.month'],
1.0: rcParams['date.autoformat.day'],
1. / HOURS_PER_DAY: rcParams['date.autoformat.hour'],
1. / (MINUTES_PER_DAY): rcParams['date.autoformat.minute'],
1. / (SEC_PER_DAY): rcParams['date.autoformat.second'],
1. / (MUSECONDS_PER_DAY): rcParams['date.autoformat.microsecond'],
}
The algorithm picks the key in the dictionary that is >= the
current scale and uses that format string. You can customize this
dictionary by doing::
>>> locator = AutoDateLocator()
>>> formatter = AutoDateFormatter(locator)
>>> formatter.scaled[1/(24.*60.)] = '%M:%S' # only show min and sec
A custom `.FuncFormatter` can also be used. The following example shows
how to use a custom format function to strip trailing zeros from decimal
seconds and adds the date to the first ticklabel::
>>> def my_format_function(x, pos=None):
... x = matplotlib.dates.num2date(x)
... if pos == 0:
... fmt = '%D %H:%M:%S.%f'
... else:
... fmt = '%H:%M:%S.%f'
... label = x.strftime(fmt)
... label = label.rstrip("0")
... label = label.rstrip(".")
... return label
>>> from matplotlib.ticker import FuncFormatter
>>> formatter.scaled[1/(24.*60.)] = FuncFormatter(my_format_function)
"""
# This can be improved by providing some user-level direction on
# how to choose the best format (precedence, etc...)
# Perhaps a 'struct' that has a field for each time-type where a
# zero would indicate "don't show" and a number would indicate
# "show" with some sort of priority. Same priorities could mean
# show all with the same priority.
# Or more simply, perhaps just a format string for each
# possibility...
def __init__(self, locator, tz=None, defaultfmt='%Y-%m-%d'):
"""
Autoformat the date labels. The default format is the one to use
if none of the values in ``self.scaled`` are greater than the unit
returned by ``locator._get_unit()``.
"""
self._locator = locator
self._tz = tz
self.defaultfmt = defaultfmt
self._formatter = DateFormatter(self.defaultfmt, tz)
self.scaled = {DAYS_PER_YEAR: rcParams['date.autoformatter.year'],
DAYS_PER_MONTH: rcParams['date.autoformatter.month'],
1.0: rcParams['date.autoformatter.day'],
1. / HOURS_PER_DAY: rcParams['date.autoformatter.hour'],
1. / (MINUTES_PER_DAY):
rcParams['date.autoformatter.minute'],
1. / (SEC_PER_DAY):
rcParams['date.autoformatter.second'],
1. / (MUSECONDS_PER_DAY):
rcParams['date.autoformatter.microsecond']}
def _set_locator(self, locator):
self._locator = locator
def __call__(self, x, pos=None):
try:
locator_unit_scale = float(self._locator._get_unit())
except AttributeError:
locator_unit_scale = 1
# Pick the first scale which is greater than the locator unit.
fmt = next((fmt for scale, fmt in sorted(self.scaled.items())
if scale >= locator_unit_scale),
self.defaultfmt)
if isinstance(fmt, str):
self._formatter = DateFormatter(fmt, self._tz)
result = self._formatter(x, pos)
elif callable(fmt):
result = fmt(x, pos)
else:
raise TypeError('Unexpected type passed to {0!r}.'.format(self))
return result
class rrulewrapper:
def __init__(self, freq, tzinfo=None, **kwargs):
kwargs['freq'] = freq
self._base_tzinfo = tzinfo
self._update_rrule(**kwargs)
def set(self, **kwargs):
self._construct.update(kwargs)
self._update_rrule(**self._construct)
def _update_rrule(self, **kwargs):
tzinfo = self._base_tzinfo
# rrule does not play nicely with time zones - especially pytz time
# zones, it's best to use naive zones and attach timezones once the
# datetimes are returned
if 'dtstart' in kwargs:
dtstart = kwargs['dtstart']
if dtstart.tzinfo is not None:
if tzinfo is None:
tzinfo = dtstart.tzinfo
else:
dtstart = dtstart.astimezone(tzinfo)
kwargs['dtstart'] = dtstart.replace(tzinfo=None)
if 'until' in kwargs:
until = kwargs['until']
if until.tzinfo is not None:
if tzinfo is not None:
until = until.astimezone(tzinfo)
else:
raise ValueError('until cannot be aware if dtstart '
'is naive and tzinfo is None')
kwargs['until'] = until.replace(tzinfo=None)
self._construct = kwargs.copy()
self._tzinfo = tzinfo
self._rrule = rrule(**self._construct)
def _attach_tzinfo(self, dt, tzinfo):
# pytz zones are attached by "localizing" the datetime
if hasattr(tzinfo, 'localize'):
return tzinfo.localize(dt, is_dst=True)
return dt.replace(tzinfo=tzinfo)
def _aware_return_wrapper(self, f, returns_list=False):
"""Decorator function that allows rrule methods to handle tzinfo."""
# This is only necessary if we're actually attaching a tzinfo
if self._tzinfo is None:
return f
# All datetime arguments must be naive. If they are not naive, they are
# converted to the _tzinfo zone before dropping the zone.