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const md = `# Nginx 安装配置\n\n\n \nNginx("engine x")是一款是由俄罗斯的程序设计师Igor Sysoev所开发高性能的 Web和 反向代理 服务器，也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器。 \n\n\n在高连接并发的情况下，Nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品。\n\n\n\n\n---\n\n\n## Nginx 安装\n\n\n系统平台：CentOS release 6.6 (Final) 64位。\n\n\n\n### 一、安装编译工具及库文件\n\n\n\`\`\`\n\nyum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool openssl openssl-devel\n\n\`\`\`\n\n### \n二、首先要安装 PCRE\n\n\nPCRE 作用是让 Nginx 支持 Rewrite 功能。\n\n\n1、下载 PCRE 安装包，下载地址： [http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz](http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz)\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n\n[root@bogon src]# cd /usr/local/src/\n[root@bogon src]# wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.35/pcre-8.35.tar.gz\n\n\`\`\`\n\n\n2、解压安装包:\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n\n[root@bogon src]# tar zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz\n\n\`\`\`\n\n\n3、进入安装包目录\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n\n[root@bogon src]# cd pcre-8.35\n\n\`\`\`\n\n\n4、编译安装 \n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n\n[root@bogon pcre-8.35]# ./configure\n[root@bogon pcre-8.35]# make && make install\n\n\`\`\`\n\n\n5、查看pcre版本\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n\n[root@bogon pcre-8.35]# pcre-config --version\n\n\`\`\`\n\n\n\n### 安装 Nginx\n\n\n1、下载 Nginx，下载地址：[https://nginx.org/en/download.html](https://nginx.org/en/download.html)\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n\n[root@bogon src]# cd /usr/local/src/\n[root@bogon src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz\n\n\`\`\`\n\n\n\n2、解压安装包\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n\n[root@bogon src]# tar zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz\n\n\`\`\`\n\n\n3、进入安装包目录\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n\n[root@bogon src]# cd nginx-1.6.2\n\n\`\`\`\n\n\n4、编译安装\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n\n[root@bogon nginx-1.6.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.35\n[root@bogon nginx-1.6.2]# make\n[root@bogon nginx-1.6.2]# make install\n\n\`\`\`\n\n\n5、查看nginx版本\n\n\`\`\`\n\n[root@bogon nginx-1.6.2]# /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -v\n\n\`\`\`\n\n\n到此，nginx安装完成。\n\n\n\n---\n\n\n## Nginx 配置\n\n\n创建 Nginx 运行使用的用户 www：\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n\n[root@bogon conf]# /usr/sbin/groupadd www \n[root@bogon conf]# /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www\n\n\`\`\`\n\n配置nginx.conf\n，将/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf替换为以下内容\n\n\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n\n[root@bogon conf]# cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf\n\nuser www www;\nworker_processes 2; #设置值和CPU核心数一致\nerror_log /usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit; #日志位置和日志级别\npid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;\n#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.\nworker_rlimit_nofile 65535;\nevents\n{\n use epoll;\n worker_connections 65535;\n}\nhttp\n{\n include mime.types;\n default_type application/octet-stream;\n log_format main \'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" \'\n \'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" \'\n \'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for\';\n \n#charset gb2312;\n \n server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;\n client_header_buffer_size 32k;\n large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;\n client_max_body_size 8m;\n \n sendfile on;\n tcp_nopush on;\n keepalive_timeout 60;\n tcp_nodelay on;\n fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;\n fastcgi_send_timeout 300;\n fastcgi_read_timeout 300;\n fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;\n fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;\n fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;\n fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;\n gzip on; \n gzip_min_length 1k;\n gzip_buffers 4 16k;\n gzip_http_version 1.0;\n gzip_comp_level 2;\n gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;\n gzip_vary on;\n \n #limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;\n #下面是server虚拟主机的配置\n server\n {\n listen 80;#监听端口\n server_name localhost;#域名\n index index.html index.htm index.php;\n root /usr/local/webserver/nginx/html;#站点目录\n location ~ .*\\.(php|php5)?$\n {\n #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;\n fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;\n fastcgi_index index.php;\n include fastcgi.conf;\n }\n location ~ .*\\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ico)$\n {\n expires 30d;\n # access_log off;\n }\n location ~ .*\\.(js|css)?$\n {\n expires 15d;\n # access_log off;\n }\n access_log off;\n }\n\n}\n\n\`\`\`\n\n\n检查配置文件nginx.conf的正确性命令：\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n[root@bogon conf]# /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t\n\n\`\`\`\n\n\n\n---\n\n\n## 启动 Nginx\n\nNginx 启动命令如下：\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n\n[root@bogon conf]# /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx\n\n\`\`\`\n\n\n\n---\n\n## \n访问站点\n\n从浏览器访问我们配置的站点ip：\n\n\n\n\n---\n\n## Nginx 其他命令\n\n以下包含了 Nginx 常用的几个命令：\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n\n/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload # 重新载入配置文件\n/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reopen # 重启 Nginx\n/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop # 停止 Nginx\n\n\`\`\`\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n [ MySQL 安装配置](http://www.runoob.com/linux/mysql-install-setup.html)\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n## \n \n \n \n 4 篇笔记\n 写笔记\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n #0 三好小青年\n\n 450***506@qq.com\n\n 6**worker_processes** 这个参数最好是设置成 auto 自动匹配进程数。\n\n\n语法:\n\n \n\`\`\`\nworker_processes number | auto;\n\`\`\`\n\n\nauto 在 nginx 1.3.8 和 1.2.5 之后的版本开始支持。\n\n\n默认:\n\n \n\n\`\`\`\nworker_processes 1;\n\`\`\`\n\n**proxy_next_upstream** 这个参数默认的是超时跟错误都会重发，对于一些请求时间过长的连接，最好只设置成错误重发，不然的话会造成二重数据。\n\n[三好小青年](https://www.runoob.comjavascript:;) 三好小青年\n\n 450***506@qq.com\n\n8年前 (2018-04-09)\n#0 alexanderonepills\n\n 840***717@qq.com\n\n [ 参考地址](https://www.cnblogs.com/cnsanshao/p/3652510.html)\n\n 13nginx 启动时提示错误：\n\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t\n/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx: error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory\n\`\`\`\n\n\n解决方法：\n\n\n64 位系统：\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\nln -s /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.1 /lib64\n\`\`\`\n\n32 位系统:\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\nln -s /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.1 /lib\n\`\`\`\n \n\n/usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.1 为 prce 安装后的文件地址。\n\n\n低版本 prce 对应的 libpcre.so.1 为 libpcre.so.0。\n\n[alexanderonepills](https://www.runoob.comjavascript:;) alexanderonepills\n\n 840***717@qq.com\n\n [ 参考地址](https://www.cnblogs.com/cnsanshao/p/3652510.html)\n\n8年前 (2018-05-02)\n#0 匿名者\n\n gra***ang@fibocom.com\n\n 21\n## 关于 uri 的截取\n\n\n**location 中的 root 和 alias**\n\n\n\n- \nroot 指令只是将搜索的根设置为 root 设定的目录，即不会截断 uri，而是使用原始 uri 跳转该目录下查找文件\n\n- \naias 指令则会截断匹配的 uri，然后使用 alias 设定的路径加上剩余的 uri 作为子路径进行查找\n\n\n示例 1：root\n\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n#------------目录结构----------\n/www/x1/index.html\n/www/x2/index.html\n\n#--------配置-----------------------\nindex index.html index.php;\nlocation /x/ {\n root "/www/";\n}\n\n#-------访问--------------\ncurl http://localhost/x1/index.html\ncurl http://localhost/x2/index.html\n\`\`\`\n\n\n示例 2：alias\n\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n#----------配置-----------------\nlocation /y/z/ {\n alias /www/x1/;\n}\n\n#---------访问--------------\ncurl http://localhost/y/z/index.html\n\`\`\`\n\n**location 中的 proxy_pass 的 uri**\n\n\n\n如果 proxy_pass 的 url 不带 uri\n\n\n\n如果尾部是"/"，则会截断匹配的uri\n\n\n\n如果尾部不是"/"，则不会截断匹配的uri\n\n\n\n如果proxy_pass的url带uri，则会截断匹配的uri\n\n\n\n示例：\n\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n#-------servers配置--------------------\nlocation / {\n echo $uri #回显请求的uri\n}\n\n#--------proxy_pass配置---------------------\nlocation /t1/ { proxy_pass http://servers; } #正常，不截断\nlocation /t2/ { proxy_pass http://servers/; } #正常，截断\nlocation /t3 { proxy_pass http://servers; } #正常，不截断\nlocation /t4 { proxy_pass http://servers/; } #正常，截断\nlocation /t5/ { proxy_pass http://servers/test/; } #正常，截断\nlocation /t6/ { proxy_pass http://servers/test; } #缺"/"，截断\nlocation /t7 { proxy_pass http://servers/test/; } #含"//"，截断\nlocation /t8 { proxy_pass http://servers/test; } #正常，截断\n#---------访问----------------------\nfor i in $(seq 6)\ndo\n url=http://localhost/t$i/doc/index.html\n echo "-----------$url-----------"\n curl url\ndone\n\n#--------结果---------------------------\n----------http://localhost:8080/t1/doc/index.html------------\n/t1/doc/index.html\n\n----------http://localhost:8080/t2/doc/index.html------------\n/doc/index.html\n\n----------http://localhost:8080/t3/doc/index.html------------\n/t3/doc/index.html\n\n----------http://localhost:8080/t4/doc/index.html------------\n/doc/index.html\n\n----------http://localhost:8080/t5/doc/index.html------------\n/test/doc/index.html\n\n----------http://localhost:8080/t6/doc/index.html------------\n/testdoc/index.html\n\n----------http://localhost:8080/t7/doc/index.html------------\n/test//doc/index.html\n\n----------http://localhost:8080/t8/doc/index.html------------\n/test/doc/index.html\n\`\`\`\n\n\n[匿名者](https://www.runoob.com/note/29162) 匿名者\n\n gra***ang@fibocom.com\n\n8年前 (2018-07-05)\n#0 Rls\n\n 892***40967@qq.com\n\n [ 参考地址](https://www.runoob.com/w3cnote/nginx-setup-intro.html)\n\n 38**Nginx 配置文件结构**\n\n\n默认的 nginx 配置文件 nginx.conf 内容如下：\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n#user nobody;\nworker_processes 1;\n\n#error_log logs/error.log;\n#error_log logs/error.log notice;\n#error_log logs/error.log info;\n\n#pid logs/nginx.pid;\n\n\nevents {\n worker_connections 1024;\n}\n\n\nhttp {\n include mime.types;\n default_type application/octet-stream;\n\n #log_format main \'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" \'\n # \'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" \'\n # \'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"\';\n\n #access_log logs/access.log main;\n\n sendfile on;\n #tcp_nopush on;\n\n #keepalive_timeout 0;\n keepalive_timeout 65;\n\n #gzip on;\n\n server {\n listen 80;\n server_name localhost;\n\n #charset koi8-r;\n\n #access_log logs/host.access.log main;\n\n location / {\n root html;\n index index.html index.htm;\n }\n\n #error_page 404 /404.html;\n\n # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html\n #\n error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;\n location = /50x.html {\n root html;\n }\n\n # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80\n #\n #location ~ \\.php$ {\n # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;\n #}\n\n # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000\n #\n #location ~ \\.php$ {\n # root html;\n # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;\n # fastcgi_index index.php;\n # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;\n # include fastcgi_params;\n #}\n\n # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache\'s document root\n # concurs with nginx\'s one\n #\n #location ~ /\\.ht {\n # deny all;\n #}\n }\n\n\n # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration\n #\n #server {\n # listen 8000;\n # listen somename:8080;\n # server_name somename alias another.alias;\n\n # location / {\n # root html;\n # index index.html index.htm;\n # }\n #}\n\n\n # HTTPS server\n #\n #server {\n # listen 443 ssl;\n # server_name localhost;\n\n # ssl_certificate cert.pem;\n # ssl_certificate_key cert.key;\n\n # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;\n # ssl_session_timeout 5m;\n\n # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;\n # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;\n\n # location / {\n # root html;\n # index index.html index.htm;\n # }\n #}\n\n}\n\`\`\`\n\n\n**nginx 文件结构**\n\n\n\n\n\`\`\`\n... #全局块\n\nevents { #events块\n ...\n}\n\nhttp #http块\n{\n ... #http全局块\n server #server块\n { \n ... #server全局块\n location [PATTERN] #location块\n {\n ...\n }\n location [PATTERN] \n {\n ...\n }\n }\n server\n {\n ...\n }\n ... #http全局块\n}\n\`\`\`\n\n\n- \n1、**全局块**：配置影响nginx全局的指令。一般有运行nginx服务器的用户组，nginx进程pid存放路径，日志存放路径，配置文件引入，允许生成worker process数等。\n\n- \n2、**events块**：配置影响nginx服务器或与用户的网络连接。有每个进程的最大连接数，选取哪种事件驱动模型处理连接请求，是否允许同时接受多个网路连接，开启多个网络连接序列化等。\n\n- \n3、**http块**：可以嵌套多个server，配置代理，缓存，日志定义等绝大多数功能和第三方模块的配置。如文件引入，mime-type定义，日志自定义，是否使用sendfile传输文件，连接超时时间，单连接请求数等。\n\n- \n4、**server块**：配置虚拟主机的相关参数，一个http中可以有多个server。\n\n- \n5、**location块**：配置请求的路由，以及各种页面的处理情况。\n\n\n下面给大家上一个配置文件，作为理解。\n\n\`\`\`\n\n########### 每个指令必须有分号结束。#################\n#user administrator administrators; #配置用户或者组，默认为nobody nobody。\n#worker_processes 2; #允许生成的进程数，默认为1\n#pid /nginx/pid/nginx.pid; #指定nginx进程运行文件存放地址\nerror_log log/error.log debug; #制定日志路径，级别。这个设置可以放入全局块，http块，server块，级别以此为：debug|info|notice|warn|error|crit|alert|emerg\nevents {\n accept_mutex on; #设置网路连接序列化，防止惊群现象发生，默认为on\n multi_accept on; #设置一个进程是否同时接受多个网络连接，默认为off\n #use epoll; #事件驱动模型，select|poll|kqueue|epoll|resig|/dev/poll|eventport\n worker_connections 1024; #最大连接数，默认为512\n}\nhttp {\n include mime.types; #文件扩展名与文件类型映射表\n default_type application/octet-stream; #默认文件类型，默认为text/plain\n #access_log off; #取消服务日志 \n log_format myFormat \'$remote_addr–$remote_user [$time_local] $request $status $body_bytes_sent $http_referer $http_user_agent $http_x_forwarded_for\'; #自定义格式\n access_log log/access.log myFormat; #combined为日志格式的默认值\n sendfile on; #允许sendfile方式传输文件，默认为off，可以在http块，server块，location块。\n sendfile_max_chunk 100k; #每个进程每次调用传输数量不能大于设定的值，默认为0，即不设上限。\n keepalive_timeout 65; #连接超时时间，默认为75s，可以在http，server，location块。\n\n upstream mysvr { \n server 127.0.0.1:7878;\n server 192.168.10.121:3333 backup; #热备\n }\n error_page 404 https://www.baidu.com; #错误页\n server {\n keepalive_requests 120; #单连接请求上限次数。\n listen 4545; #监听端口\n server_name 127.0.0.1; #监听地址 \n location ~*^.+$ { #请求的url过滤，正则匹配，~为区分大小写，~*为不区分大小写。\n #root path; #根目录\n #index vv.txt; #设置默认页\n proxy_pass http://mysvr; #请求转向mysvr 定义的服务器列表\n deny 127.0.0.1; #拒绝的ip\n allow 172.18.5.54; #允许的ip \n } \n }\n}\n\`\`\`\n\n\n上面是nginx的基本配置，需要注意的有以下几点：\n\n\n\n1、几个常见配置项：\n\n- \n1.$remote_addr 与 $http_x_forwarded_for 用以记录客户端的ip地址；\n- \n2.$remote_user ：用来记录客户端用户名称；\n- \n3.$time_local ： 用来记录访问时间与时区；\n- \n4.$request ： 用来记录请求的url与http协议；\n- \n5.$status ： 用来记录请求状态；成功是200；\n- \n6.$body_bytes_s ent ：记录发送给客户端文件主体内容大小；\n- \n7.$http_referer ：用来记录从那个页面链接访问过来的；\n- \n8.$http_user_agent ：记录客户端浏览器的相关信息；\n\n\n2、惊群现象：一个网路连接到来，多个睡眠的进程被同事叫醒，但只有一个进程能获得链接，这样会影响系统性能。\n\n\n\n3、每个指令必须有分号结束。\n\n[Rls](https://www.runoob.com/note/34639) Rls\n\n 892***40967@qq.com\n\n [ 参考地址](https://www.runoob.com/w3cnote/nginx-setup-intro.html)\n\n8年前 (2018-08-31)\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n \n### 点我分享笔记\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n [取消](https://www.runoob.comjavascript:;)\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n 分享笔记\n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n 昵称昵称 (必填)\n 邮箱邮箱 (必填)\n 引用地址引用地址\n \n\n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n 在线实例\n\n\n ·[HTML 实例](https://www.runoob.com/html/html-examples.html)\n\n\n ·[CSS 实例](https://www.runoob.com/css/css-examples.html)\n\n\n ·[JavaScript 实例](https://www.runoob.com/js/js-examples.html)\n\n\n ·[Ajax 实例](https://www.runoob.com/ajx/ajax-examples.html)\n\n\n ·[jQuery 实例](https://www.runoob.com/jquery/jquery-examples.html)\n\n\n ·[XML 实例](https://www.runoob.com/xml/xml-examples.html)\n\n\n ·[Java 实例](https://www.runoob.com/java/java-examples.html)\n\n\n\n\n\n 字符集&工具\n\n\n · [HTML 字符集设置](https://www.runoob.com/charsets/html-charsets.html)\n\n\n · [HTML ASCII 字符集](https://www.runoob.com/tags/html-ascii.html)\n\n\n · [JS 混淆/加密](https://www.jyshare.com/front-end/6939/)\n\n\n · [PNG/JPEG 图片压缩](https://www.jyshare.com/front-end/6232/)\n\n\n · [HTML 拾色器](https://www.runoob.com/tags/html-colorpicker.html)\n\n\n · [JSON 格式化工具](https://www.jyshare.com/front-end/53)\n\n\n · [随机数生成器](https://www.jyshare.com/front-end/6680/)\n\n\n\n\n 最新更新\n\n\n ·\n [\n OpenCode 自定义... ](http://www.runoob.com/opencode/opencode-custom-tools.html)\n\n\n ·\n [\n OpenCode Skills ](http://www.runoob.com/opencode/opencode-skills.html)\n\n\n ·\n [\n OpenCode MCP 服... ](http://www.runoob.com/opencode/opencode-mcp.html)\n\n\n ·\n [\n OpenCode LSP 服... ](http://www.runoob.com/opencode/opencode-lsp.html)\n\n\n ·\n [\n OpenCode 权限配置 ](http://www.runoob.com/opencode/opencode-permissions.html)\n\n\n ·\n [\n OpenCode 格式化... ](http://www.runoob.com/opencode/opencode-formatter.html)\n\n\n ·\n [\n OpenCode 自定义... ](http://www.runoob.com/opencode/opencode-commands.html)\n\n\n\n\n 站点信息\n\n\n ·\n [意见反馈](https://www.runoob.commailto:admin@runoob.com)\n\n\n ·\n [免责声明](https://www.runoob.com/disclaimer)\n\n\n ·\n [关于我们](https://www.runoob.com/aboutus)\n\n\n ·\n [文章归档](https://www.runoob.com/archives)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n **关注微信**\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n Copyright © 2013-2026 **[菜鸟教程](https://www.runoob.com//www.runoob.com/)** \n **[runoob.com](https://www.runoob.com//www.runoob.com/)** All Rights Reserved. 备案号：[闽ICP备15012807号-1](https://beian.miit.gov.cn/)\n\n\n\n [ ](https://www.runoob.comjavascript:void(0))\n [](https://www.runoob.comjavascript:void(0))\n [](https://www.runoob.comjavascript:void(0))\n\n\n\n#### 微信关注\n\n `;
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