* Update Japanese translation for "git-gui".

* "git fetch http::/site/path" did not die correctly and segfaulted

instead.

* "git commit-tree" stopped reading commit.gpgsign configuration

variable that was meant for Porcelain "git commit" in Git 2.9; we

forgot to update "git gui" to look at the configuration to match

this change.

* "git log --cherry-pick" used to include merge commits as candidates

to be matched up with other commits, resulting a lot of wasted time.

The patch-id generation logic has been updated to ignore merges to

avoid the wastage.

* The http transport (with curl-multi option, which is the default

these days) failed to remove curl-easy handle from a curlm session,

which led to unnecessary API failures.

* "git diff -W" output needs to extend the context backward to

include the header line of the current function and also forward to

include the body of the entire current function up to the header

line of the next one. This process may have to merge to adjacent

hunks, but the code forgot to do so in some cases.

* Performance tests done via "t/perf" did not use the same set of

build configuration if the user relied on autoconf generated

configuration.

* "git format-patch --base=..." feature that was recently added

showed the base commit information after "-- " e-mail signature

line, which turned out to be inconvenient. The base information

has been moved above the signature line.

* Even when "git pull --rebase=preserve" (and the underlying "git

rebase --preserve") can complete without creating any new commit

(i.e. fast-forwards), it still insisted on having a usable ident

information (read: user.email is set correctly), which was less

than nice. As the underlying commands used inside "git rebase"

would fail with a more meaningful error message and advice text

when the bogus ident matters, this extra check was removed.

* "git gc --aggressive" used to limit the delta-chain length to 250,

which is way too deep for gaining additional space savings and is

detrimental for runtime performance. The limit has been reduced to

50.

* Documentation for individual configuration variables to control use

of color (like `color.grep`) said that their default value is

'false', instead of saying their default is taken from `color.ui`.

When we updated the default value for color.ui from 'false' to

'auto' quite a while ago, all of them broke. This has been

corrected.

* A shell script example in check-ref-format documentation has been

fixed.

* "git checkout <word>" does not follow the usual disambiguation

rules when the <word> can be both a rev and a path, to allow

checking out a branch 'foo' in a project that happens to have a

file 'foo' in the working tree without having to disambiguate.

This was poorly documented and the check was incorrect when the

command was run from a subdirectory.

* Some codepaths in "git diff" used regexec(3) on a buffer that was

mmap(2)ed, which may not have a terminating NUL, leading to a read

beyond the end of the mapped region. This was fixed by introducing

a regexec_buf() helper that takes a <ptr,len> pair with REG_STARTEND

extension.

* The procedure to build Git on Mac OS X for Travis CI hardcoded the

internal directory structure we assumed HomeBrew uses, which was a

no-no. The procedure has been updated to ask HomeBrew things we

need to know to fix this.

* When "git rebase -i" is given a broken instruction, it told the

user to fix it with "--edit-todo", but didn't say what the step

after that was (i.e. "--continue").

* "git add --chmod=+x" added recently lacked documentation, which has

been corrected.

* "git add --chmod=+x <pathspec>" added recently only toggled the

executable bit for paths that are either new or modified. This has

been corrected to flip the executable bit for all paths that match

the given pathspec.