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<article id="content">
<header>
<h1 class="title">Module <code>aws_lambda_powertools.logging.formatter</code></h1>
</header>
<section id="section-intro">
<details class="source">
<summary>
<span>Expand source code</span>
</summary>
<pre><code class="python">import json
import logging
import os
from typing import Dict, Iterable, Optional, Union
from ..shared import constants
STD_LOGGING_KEYS = (
"name",
"msg",
"args",
"levelname",
"levelno",
"pathname",
"filename",
"module",
"exc_info",
"exc_text",
"stack_info",
"lineno",
"funcName",
"created",
"msecs",
"relativeCreated",
"thread",
"threadName",
"processName",
"process",
"asctime",
)
class JsonFormatter(logging.Formatter):
"""AWS Lambda Logging formatter.
Formats the log message as a JSON encoded string. If the message is a
dict it will be used directly. If the message can be parsed as JSON, then
the parse d value is used in the output record.
Originally taken from https://gitlab.com/hadrien/aws_lambda_logging/
"""
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
"""Return a JsonFormatter instance.
The `json_default` kwarg is used to specify a formatter for otherwise
unserializable values. It must not throw. Defaults to a function that
coerces the value to a string.
The `log_record_order` kwarg is used to specify the order of the keys used in
the structured json logs. By default the order is: "level", "location", "message", "timestamp",
"service" and "sampling_rate".
Other kwargs are used to specify log field format strings.
"""
# Set the default unserializable function, by default values will be cast as str.
self.default_json_formatter = kwargs.pop("json_default", str)
# Set the insertion order for the log messages
self.log_format = dict.fromkeys(kwargs.pop("log_record_order", ["level", "location", "message", "timestamp"]))
self.reserved_keys = ["timestamp", "level", "location"]
# Set the date format used by `asctime`
super(JsonFormatter, self).__init__(datefmt=kwargs.pop("datefmt", None))
self.log_format.update(self._build_root_keys(**kwargs))
@staticmethod
def _build_root_keys(**kwargs):
return {
"level": "%(levelname)s",
"location": "%(funcName)s:%(lineno)d",
"timestamp": "%(asctime)s",
**kwargs,
}
@staticmethod
def _get_latest_trace_id():
xray_trace_id = os.getenv(constants.XRAY_TRACE_ID_ENV)
return xray_trace_id.split(";")[0].replace("Root=", "") if xray_trace_id else None
def update_formatter(self, **kwargs):
self.log_format.update(kwargs)
@staticmethod
def _extract_log_message(log_record: logging.LogRecord) -> Union[Dict, str, bool, Iterable]:
"""Extract message from log record and attempt to JSON decode it
Parameters
----------
log_record : logging.LogRecord
Log record to extract message from
Returns
-------
message: Union[Dict, str, bool, Iterable]
Extracted message
"""
if isinstance(log_record.msg, dict):
return log_record.msg
message: str = log_record.getMessage()
# Attempt to decode non-str messages e.g. msg = '{"x": "y"}'
try:
message = json.loads(log_record.msg)
except (json.decoder.JSONDecodeError, TypeError, ValueError):
pass
return message
def _extract_log_exception(self, log_record: logging.LogRecord) -> Optional[str]:
"""Format traceback information, if available
Parameters
----------
log_record : logging.LogRecord
Log record to extract message from
Returns
-------
log_record: Optional[str]
Log record with constant traceback info
"""
if log_record.exc_info:
return self.formatException(log_record.exc_info)
return None
def _extract_log_keys(self, log_record: logging.LogRecord) -> Dict:
"""Extract and parse custom and reserved log keys
Parameters
----------
log_record : logging.LogRecord
Log record to extract keys from
Returns
-------
formatted_log: Dict
Structured log as dictionary
"""
record_dict = log_record.__dict__.copy() # has extra kwargs we are after
record_dict["asctime"] = self.formatTime(log_record, self.datefmt)
formatted_log = {}
# We have to iterate over a default or existing log structure
# then replace any logging expression for reserved keys e.g. '%(level)s' to 'INFO'
# and lastly add or replace incoming keys (those added within the constructor or .structure_logs method)
for key, value in self.log_format.items():
if value and key in self.reserved_keys:
formatted_log[key] = value % record_dict
else:
formatted_log[key] = value
# pick up extra keys when logging a new message e.g. log.info("my message", extra={"additional_key": "value"}
# these messages will be added to the root of the final structure not within `message` key
for key, value in record_dict.items():
if key not in STD_LOGGING_KEYS:
formatted_log[key] = value
return formatted_log
def format(self, record): # noqa: A003
formatted_log = self._extract_log_keys(log_record=record)
formatted_log["message"] = self._extract_log_message(log_record=record)
formatted_log["exception"] = self._extract_log_exception(log_record=record)
formatted_log.update({"xray_trace_id": self._get_latest_trace_id()}) # fetch latest Trace ID, if any
# Filter out top level key with values that are None
formatted_log = {k: v for k, v in formatted_log.items() if v is not None}
return json.dumps(formatted_log, default=self.default_json_formatter)</code></pre>
</details>
</section>
<section>
</section>
<section>
</section>
<section>
</section>
<section>
<h2 class="section-title" id="header-classes">Classes</h2>
<dl>
<dt id="aws_lambda_powertools.logging.formatter.JsonFormatter"><code class="flex name class">
<span>class <span class="ident">JsonFormatter</span></span>
<span>(</span><span>**kwargs)</span>
</code></dt>
<dd>
<section class="desc"><p>AWS Lambda Logging formatter.</p>
<p>Formats the log message as a JSON encoded string.
If the message is a
dict it will be used directly.
If the message can be parsed as JSON, then
the parse d value is used in the output record.</p>
<p>Originally taken from <a href="https://gitlab.com/hadrien/aws_lambda_logging/">https://gitlab.com/hadrien/aws_lambda_logging/</a></p>
<p>Return a JsonFormatter instance.</p>
<p>The <code>json_default</code> kwarg is used to specify a formatter for otherwise
unserializable values.
It must not throw.
Defaults to a function that
coerces the value to a string.</p>
<p>The <code>log_record_order</code> kwarg is used to specify the order of the keys used in
the structured json logs. By default the order is: "level", "location", "message", "timestamp",
"service" and "sampling_rate".</p>
<p>Other kwargs are used to specify log field format strings.</p></section>
<details class="source">
<summary>
<span>Expand source code</span>
</summary>
<pre><code class="python">class JsonFormatter(logging.Formatter):
"""AWS Lambda Logging formatter.
Formats the log message as a JSON encoded string. If the message is a
dict it will be used directly. If the message can be parsed as JSON, then
the parse d value is used in the output record.
Originally taken from https://gitlab.com/hadrien/aws_lambda_logging/
"""
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
"""Return a JsonFormatter instance.
The `json_default` kwarg is used to specify a formatter for otherwise
unserializable values. It must not throw. Defaults to a function that
coerces the value to a string.
The `log_record_order` kwarg is used to specify the order of the keys used in
the structured json logs. By default the order is: "level", "location", "message", "timestamp",
"service" and "sampling_rate".
Other kwargs are used to specify log field format strings.
"""
# Set the default unserializable function, by default values will be cast as str.
self.default_json_formatter = kwargs.pop("json_default", str)
# Set the insertion order for the log messages
self.log_format = dict.fromkeys(kwargs.pop("log_record_order", ["level", "location", "message", "timestamp"]))
self.reserved_keys = ["timestamp", "level", "location"]
# Set the date format used by `asctime`
super(JsonFormatter, self).__init__(datefmt=kwargs.pop("datefmt", None))
self.log_format.update(self._build_root_keys(**kwargs))
@staticmethod
def _build_root_keys(**kwargs):
return {
"level": "%(levelname)s",
"location": "%(funcName)s:%(lineno)d",
"timestamp": "%(asctime)s",
**kwargs,
}
@staticmethod
def _get_latest_trace_id():
xray_trace_id = os.getenv(constants.XRAY_TRACE_ID_ENV)
return xray_trace_id.split(";")[0].replace("Root=", "") if xray_trace_id else None
def update_formatter(self, **kwargs):
self.log_format.update(kwargs)
@staticmethod
def _extract_log_message(log_record: logging.LogRecord) -> Union[Dict, str, bool, Iterable]:
"""Extract message from log record and attempt to JSON decode it
Parameters
----------
log_record : logging.LogRecord
Log record to extract message from
Returns
-------
message: Union[Dict, str, bool, Iterable]
Extracted message
"""
if isinstance(log_record.msg, dict):
return log_record.msg
message: str = log_record.getMessage()
# Attempt to decode non-str messages e.g. msg = '{"x": "y"}'
try:
message = json.loads(log_record.msg)
except (json.decoder.JSONDecodeError, TypeError, ValueError):
pass
return message
def _extract_log_exception(self, log_record: logging.LogRecord) -> Optional[str]:
"""Format traceback information, if available
Parameters
----------
log_record : logging.LogRecord
Log record to extract message from
Returns
-------
log_record: Optional[str]
Log record with constant traceback info
"""
if log_record.exc_info:
return self.formatException(log_record.exc_info)
return None
def _extract_log_keys(self, log_record: logging.LogRecord) -> Dict:
"""Extract and parse custom and reserved log keys
Parameters
----------
log_record : logging.LogRecord
Log record to extract keys from
Returns
-------
formatted_log: Dict
Structured log as dictionary
"""
record_dict = log_record.__dict__.copy() # has extra kwargs we are after
record_dict["asctime"] = self.formatTime(log_record, self.datefmt)
formatted_log = {}
# We have to iterate over a default or existing log structure
# then replace any logging expression for reserved keys e.g. '%(level)s' to 'INFO'
# and lastly add or replace incoming keys (those added within the constructor or .structure_logs method)
for key, value in self.log_format.items():
if value and key in self.reserved_keys:
formatted_log[key] = value % record_dict
else:
formatted_log[key] = value
# pick up extra keys when logging a new message e.g. log.info("my message", extra={"additional_key": "value"}
# these messages will be added to the root of the final structure not within `message` key
for key, value in record_dict.items():
if key not in STD_LOGGING_KEYS:
formatted_log[key] = value
return formatted_log
def format(self, record): # noqa: A003
formatted_log = self._extract_log_keys(log_record=record)
formatted_log["message"] = self._extract_log_message(log_record=record)
formatted_log["exception"] = self._extract_log_exception(log_record=record)
formatted_log.update({"xray_trace_id": self._get_latest_trace_id()}) # fetch latest Trace ID, if any
# Filter out top level key with values that are None
formatted_log = {k: v for k, v in formatted_log.items() if v is not None}
return json.dumps(formatted_log, default=self.default_json_formatter)</code></pre>
</details>
<h3>Ancestors</h3>
<ul class="hlist">
<li>logging.Formatter</li>
</ul>
<h3>Methods</h3>
<dl>
<dt id="aws_lambda_powertools.logging.formatter.JsonFormatter.format"><code class="name flex">
<span>def <span class="ident">format</span></span>(<span>self, record)</span>
</code></dt>
<dd>
<section class="desc"><p>Format the specified record as text.</p>
<p>The record's attribute dictionary is used as the operand to a
string formatting operation which yields the returned string.
Before formatting the dictionary, a couple of preparatory steps
are carried out. The message attribute of the record is computed
using LogRecord.getMessage(). If the formatting string uses the
time (as determined by a call to usesTime(), formatTime() is
called to format the event time. If there is exception information,
it is formatted using formatException() and appended to the message.</p></section>
<details class="source">
<summary>
<span>Expand source code</span>
</summary>
<pre><code class="python">def format(self, record): # noqa: A003
formatted_log = self._extract_log_keys(log_record=record)
formatted_log["message"] = self._extract_log_message(log_record=record)
formatted_log["exception"] = self._extract_log_exception(log_record=record)
formatted_log.update({"xray_trace_id": self._get_latest_trace_id()}) # fetch latest Trace ID, if any
# Filter out top level key with values that are None
formatted_log = {k: v for k, v in formatted_log.items() if v is not None}
return json.dumps(formatted_log, default=self.default_json_formatter)</code></pre>
</details>
</dd>
<dt id="aws_lambda_powertools.logging.formatter.JsonFormatter.update_formatter"><code class="name flex">
<span>def <span class="ident">update_formatter</span></span>(<span>self, **kwargs)</span>
</code></dt>
<dd>
<section class="desc"></section>
<details class="source">
<summary>
<span>Expand source code</span>
</summary>
<pre><code class="python">def update_formatter(self, **kwargs):
self.log_format.update(kwargs)</code></pre>
</details>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</section>
</article>
<nav id="sidebar">
<h1>Index</h1>
<div class="toc">
<ul></ul>
</div>
<ul id="index">
<li><h3>Super-module</h3>
<ul>
<li><code><a title="aws_lambda_powertools.logging" href="index.html">aws_lambda_powertools.logging</a></code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><h3><a href="#header-classes">Classes</a></h3>
<ul>
<li>
<h4><code><a title="aws_lambda_powertools.logging.formatter.JsonFormatter" href="#aws_lambda_powertools.logging.formatter.JsonFormatter">JsonFormatter</a></code></h4>
<ul class="">
<li><code><a title="aws_lambda_powertools.logging.formatter.JsonFormatter.format" href="#aws_lambda_powertools.logging.formatter.JsonFormatter.format">format</a></code></li>
<li><code><a title="aws_lambda_powertools.logging.formatter.JsonFormatter.update_formatter" href="#aws_lambda_powertools.logging.formatter.JsonFormatter.update_formatter">update_formatter</a></code></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
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