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<h1>Django</h1>
<p><a href="http://www.djangoproject.com/">Django</a> is a widely used Python web
application framework with a "batteries-included" philosophy. The principle
behind batteries-included is that the common functionality for building
web applications should come with the framework instead of as separate
libraries. </p>
<p><a href="http://www.djangoproject.com/" style="border: none;"><img src="theme/img/django-logo-positive.png" width="100%" alt="Official Django logo. Trademark Django Software Foundation." class="technical-diagram" /></a></p>
<p>For example,
<a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/auth/">authentication</a>,
<a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/http/urls/">URL routing</a>, a
<a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/templates/">templating system</a>,
an <a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/db/">object-relational mapper</a>,
and <a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/migrations/">database schema migrations</a>
(as of version 1.7) are all included with the <a href="https://pypi.python.org/pypi/Django/">Django framework</a>.
Compare that included functionality to the Flask framework which requires a
separate library such as
<a href="https://flask-login.readthedocs.org/en/latest/">Flask-Login</a>
to perform user authentication. </p>
<p>The batteries-included and extensibility philosophies are simply two different
ways to tackle framework building. Neither philosophy is inherently better
than the other.</p>
<h2>Why is Django a good web framework choice?</h2>
<p>The Django project's stability, performance and community have grown
tremendously over the past decade since the framework's creation. Detailed
tutorials and best practices are readily available on the web and in books.
The framework continues to add significant new functionality such as
<a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/migrations/">database migrations</a>
with each release. </p>
<p>I highly recommend the Django framework as a starting place for new Python web
developers because the official documentation and tutorials are some of the
best anywhere in software development. Many cities also have Django-specific
groups such as <a href="http://www.meetup.com/django-district/">Django District</a>,
<a href="http://www.meetup.com/djangoboston/">Django Boston</a> and
<a href="http://www.meetup.com/The-San-Francisco-Django-Meetup-Group/">San Francisco Django</a>
so new developers can get help when they are stuck.</p>
<p>There's some debate on whether
<a href="http://www.jeffknupp.com/blog/2012/12/11/learning-python-via-django-considered-harmful/">learning Python by using Django is a bad idea</a>.
However, that criticism is invalid if you take the time to learn the Python
syntax and language semantics first before diving into web development.</p>
<h2>Django tutorials</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<p><a href="http://www.tangowithdjango.com/book/">Tango with Django</a> is an extensive
set of free introductions to using the most popular Python web framework. Several
current developers said this book really helped them get over the initial
framework learning curve.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://twoscoopspress.com/products/two-scoops-of-django-1-6">2 Scoops of Django</a>
by Daniel Greenfeld and Audrey Roy is well worth the price of admission if
you're serious about learning how to correctly develop Django websites.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://effectivedjango.com/">Effective Django</a> is another free introduction
to the web framework.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://www.obeythetestinggoat.com/">Test-Driven Development with Python</a>
focuses on web development using Django and JavaScript. This book uses
the development of a website using the Django web framework as a real
world example of how to perform test-driven development (TDD). There is
also coverage of NoSQL, websockets and asynchronous responses. The book can
be read online for free or purchased in hard copy via O'Reilly.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <a href="http://www.reddit.com/r/django">Django subreddit</a> often has links to
the latest resources for learning Django and is also a good spot to ask
questions about it.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Lincoln Loop wrote a
<a href="http://lincolnloop.com/django-best-practices/">Django Best Practices guide</a>
for the community.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://thinkster.io/brewer/angular-django-tutorial/">Building Web Applications with Django and AngularJS</a>
is a very detailed guide for using Django as an API layer and AngularJS
as the MVC front end in the browser.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Steve Losh wrote an incredibly detailed <a href="http://stevelosh.com/blog/2011/06/django-advice/">Django Advice guide</a>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://programming.oreilly.com/2014/04/simplifying-django.html">Lightweight Django</a>
has several nice examples for breaking Django into smaller simplier
components.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <a href="https://github.com/rogueleaderr/definitive_guide_to_django_deployment">Definitive Guide to Django Deployment</a>
explains the architecture of the resulting set up and includes Chef scripts
to automate the deployment.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://agiliq.com/blog/2014/08/deploying-a-django-app-on-amazon-ec2-instance/">Deploying a Django app on Amazon EC2 instance</a>
is a detailed walkthrough for deploying an example Django app to Amazon
Web Services.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>This <a href="http://aliteralmind.wordpress.com/2014/09/21/jquery_django_tutorial/">step-by-step guide for Django</a>
shows how to transmit data via AJAX with JQuery.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://www.nickpolet.com/blog/deploying-django-on-aws/1/">Deploying Django on AWS</a>
is another walkthrough for deploying Django to AWS.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://github.com/rosarior/awesome-django">django-awesome</a> is a curated
list of Django libraries and resources.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://realpython.com/learn/start-django/">Starting a Django Project</a> answers the question, “How do I set up a Django (1.5, 1.6, or /1.7) project from scratch?”</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <a href="http://www.revsys.com/blog/2014/nov/21/recommended-django-project-layout/">recommended Django project layout</a>
is helpful for developers new to Django to understand how to structure
the directories and files within apps for projects.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The <a href="http://irisbeta.com/article/245366784/the-django-request-response-cycle/">Django Request-Response Cycle</a>
explains what happens when you visit a webpage generated by Django.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://www.caktusgroup.com/blog/2014/11/10/Using-Amazon-S3-to-store-your-Django-sites-static-and-media-files/">Using Amazon S3 to Store your Django Site's Static and Media Files</a>
is a well written guide to a question commonly asked about static and
media file serving.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Django videos</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Kate Heddleston and I gave a talk at DjangoCon 2014 called
<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QrFEKghISEI">Choose Your Own Django Deployment Adventure</a>
which walked through many of the scenarios you'd face when deploying your
first Django website.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://godjango.com/">GoDjango</a> screencasts and tutorials are free short
videos for learning how to build Django applications.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://gettingstartedwithdjango.com/">Getting Started with Django</a> is a
series of video tutorials for the framework.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>DjangoCon US videos from
<a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLE7tQUdRKcybbNiuhLcc3h6WzmZGVBMr3">2014</a>,
<a href="http://www.youtube.com/user/TheOpenBastion/videos">2013</a>,
<a href="http://pyvideo.org/category/23/djangocon-2012">2012</a>,
<a href="http://pyvideo.org/category/3/djangocon-2011">2011</a>, as well as<br />
<a href="http://pyvideo.org/category">earlier US and DjangoCon EU conferences</a> are
all available free of charge.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Django 1.7-specific resources</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<p>Paul Hallett wrote a
<a href="https://www.twilio.com/blog/2014/10/upgrading-your-django-reusable-app-to-support-django-1-7.html">detailed Django 1.7 app upgrade guide</a>
on the Twilio blog from his experience working with the django-twilio
package.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://pyvideo.org/video/2630/designing-djangos-migrations">Designing Django's Migrations</a>
covers Django 1.7's new migrations from the main programmer
of South and now Django's built-in migrations, Andrew Godwin.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Real Python's <a href="https://realpython.com/blog/python/django-migrations-a-primer/">migrations primer</a>
explores the difference between South's migrations and the built-in
Django 1.7 migrations as well as how you use them.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Andrew Pinkham's "Upgrading to Django 1.7" series is great learning
material for understanding what's changed in this major release and
how to adapt your Django project.
<a href="http://andrewsforge.com/article/upgrading-django-to-17/part-1-introduction-and-django-releases/">Part 1</a>,
<a href="http://andrewsforge.com/article/upgrading-django-to-17/part-2-migrations-in-django-16-and-17/">part 2</a> and
<a href="http://andrewsforge.com/article/upgrading-django-to-17/part-3-django-17-new-features/">part 3</a>
and
<a href="http://andrewsforge.com/article/upgrading-django-to-17/part-4-upgrade-strategies/">part 4</a>
are now all available to read.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Django ORM resources</h2>
<p>The <a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/db/">Django ORM</a> works well
for simple and medium-complexity database operations. However, there are often
complaints that the ORM makes complex queries much more complicated than
writing straight SQL or using <a href="http://www.sqlalchemy.org/">SQLAlchemy</a>. </p>
<p>It's technically possible to drop down to SQL but it ties the queries to a
specific database implementation. The ORM is coupled closely with Django so
replacing the default ORM with SQLAlchemy is currently a hack workaround. Note
though that some of the Django core committers believe it is only a matter of
time before the default ORM is replaced with SQLAlchemy. It will be a large
effort to get that working though so it's likely to come in Django 1.9 or
later.</p>
<p>Since the majority of Django projects are tied to the default ORM, it's best to
read up on advanced use cases and tools for doing your best work within the
existing framework.</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><a href="http://www.dabapps.com/blog/django-models-and-encapsulation/">Django models, encapsulation and data integrity</a>
is a detailed article by Tom Christie on encapsulating Django models for
data integrity.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://django-debug-toolbar.readthedocs.org/en/1.2/">Django Debug Toolbar</a>
is a powerful Django ORM database query inspection tool. Highly recommended
during development to ensure you're writing reasonable query code.
<a href="http://mtford.co.uk/blog/2/">Django Silk</a> is another inspection tool and
has capabilities to do more than just SQL inspection.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://reinout.vanrees.org/weblog/2014/05/06/making-faster.html">Making a specific Django app faster</a>
is a Django performance blog post with some tips on measuring performance
and optimizing based on the measured results.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://speakerdeck.com/alex/why-i-hate-the-django-orm">Why I Hate the Django ORM</a>
is Alex Gaynor's overview of the bad designs decisions, some of which he
made, while building the Django ORM.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://speakerdeck.com/craigkerstiens/going-beyond-django-orm-with-postgres">Going Beyond Django ORM with Postgres</a>
is specific to using PostgreSQL with Django.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="http://www.calazan.com/migrating-django-app-from-mysql-to-postgresql/">Migrating a Django app from MySQL to PostgreSQL</a>
is a quick look at how to move from MySQL to PostgreSQL. However, my guess
is that any Django app that's been running for awhile on one relational
database will require a lot more work to port over to another backend
even with the power of the ORM.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Open source Django example projects</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<p><a href="https://github.com/makaimc/txt2react">Txt 2 React</a> is a full Django web
app that allows audiences to text in during a presentation with feedback
or questions.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://github.com/ustream/openduty">Openduty</a> is a website status checking
and alert system similar to PagerDuty.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://github.com/myusuf3/courtside">Courtside</a> is a pick up sports web
application written and maintained by the author of PyCoder's Weekly.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>These two Django Interactive Voice Response (IVR) system web application
repositorities <a href="https://github.com/phalt/twilio-django-part-1">part 1</a> and
<a href="https://github.com/phalt/twilio-django-part-2">part 2</a> show you how to
build a really cool Django application. There's also an accompanying
<a href="https://www.twilio.com/blog/2014/07/build-an-ivr-system-with-twilio-and-django.html">blog post</a>
with detailed explanations of each step.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Django project templates</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<p><a href="https://github.com/caktus/django-project-template">Caktus Group's Django project template</a>
is Django 1.6+ ready.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://github.com/pydanny/cookiecutter-django">Cookiecutter Django</a> is a
project template from Daniel Greenfeld, for use with Audrey Roy's
<a href="https://github.com/audreyr/cookiecutter">Cookiecutter</a>. Heroku
deployment-ready.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://github.com/twoscoops/django-twoscoops-project">Two Scoops Django project template</a>
is also from the PyDanny and Audrey Roy. This one provides a quick scaffold
described in the Two Scoops of Django book.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Django learning checklist</h2>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
<a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/install/">Install Django</a> on
your local development machine.</p>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Work through the initial
<a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/intro/tutorial01/">"polls" tutorial</a>.</p>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Build a few more simple applications using the tutorial resources found
in the "Django resources" section.</p>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Start coding your own Django project with help from the
<a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/">official documentation</a> and
resource links below. You'll make plenty of mistakes which is critical
on your path to learning the right way to build applications.</p>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Read <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Two-Scoops-Django-Best-Practices/dp/098146730X/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1391562062&sr=8-2&tag=mlinar-20">2 Scoops of Django</a>
to understand Django best practices and learn better ways of building
Django web applications.</p>
<p><i class="fa fa-check-square-o"></i>
Move on to the <a href="/deployment.html">deployment section</a> to get your Django
project on the web.</p>
<h3>What do you need to learn next for your Django app?</h3>
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