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<div class="identifier-type">type-alias</div><div class="header"><random></div><h1 itemprop="name"><span class="namespace" title="namespace std">std::</span><span class="token">ranlux24</span><span class="cpp cpp11" title="C++11で追加">(C++11)</span></h1>
<div itemprop="articleBody"><p><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">namespace</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">std</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">using</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ranlux24</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="discard_block_engine.html">discard_block_engine</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n"><a href="ranlux24_base.html">ranlux24_base</a></span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">223</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">23</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</p>
<h2>概要</h2>
<p><code>ranlux24</code>は、贅沢さレベル3のRANLUX(LUXury RANdom numbers)法エンジンである。<br />
RANLUX法は、以下の特徴を持つ：</p>
<ul>
<li>低速だが、高品質な乱数を生成する</li>
<li>シードを系統的に選ぶ (例えばスレッド ID) と、特に初期において生成した値の間に線型の相関 (nearly affine dependence) がみられる。これを避けるには<ul>
<li><code><a href="random_device.html">random_device</a></code> 等の非決定論的な乱数をシードとして使う</li>
<li><a href="discard_block_engine/discard.html">最初の方の値を捨てる</a> (少なくとも 2 × 23 = 46 個)</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>RANLUX法は、0から4までの贅沢さレベル(luxury level)が選択可能である。<br />
レベルを高くするほど低速になるが、乱数の品質は高くなる。レベル4が最高品質となる。<br />
標準では、レベル3の<code>ranlux24</code>および、レベル4の<code><a href="ranlux48.html">ranlux48</a></code>が定義される。 </p>
<p>モンテカルロ法によるシミュレーションに、よく使用される。 </p>
<h2>要件</h2>
<p><code>ranlux24</code>型オブジェクトを<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="デフォルト初期化。`T x;`構文での初期化。トリビアルにデフォルト構築可能な型の場合は初期化されず（オブジェクトのlifetimeは開始される）、そうではないクラス型はデフォルトコンストラクタで初期化する。配列型の場合は各要素が再帰的にデフォルト初期化される">デフォルト構築</a>した場合、10000番目に生成される擬似乱数の値は<code>9901578</code>であること。</p>
<h2>乱数列の周期</h2>
<p>10<sup>171</sup></p>
<h2>サイズ</h2>
<p><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="mi">24</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n"><a href="../cstdint/uint_fast32_t.html">uint_fast32_t</a></span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
</p>
<h2>パフォーマンス</h2>
<p><code><a href="minstd_rand.html">minstd_rand</a></code>や<code><a href="minstd_rand0.html">minstd_rand0</a></code>に比べて、5倍ほど遅い。</p>
<h2>シード、および生成される値の型</h2>
<p><code><a href="../cstdint/uint_fast32_t.html">uint_fast32_t</a></code></p>
<h2>備考</h2>
<p>この型は、フリースタンディング処理系でも使用できる。</p>
<h2>例</h2>
<p><div class="yata" id="63f8eb3a73ad5fd4d2cd8d0c0a0cff59454d884f"><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="cp">#include <a href="../iostream.html"><iostream></a></span>
<span class="cp">#include <a href="../random.html"><random></a></span>
<span class="cp">#include <a href="../cstdint.html"><cstdint></a></span>
<span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="random_device.html">std::random_device</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">seed_gen</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../cstdint/uint32_t.html">std::uint32_t</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">seed</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">seed_gen</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span style="color:#ff0000">std::ranlux24</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">engine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">seed</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">++</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../cstdint/uint32_t.html">std::uint32_t</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="discard_block_engine/op_call.html">engine()</a></span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../iostream/cout.html">std::cout</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div></p>
<h3>出力例</h3>
<p><pre><code>14989051
4145629
9009933
15957878
252315
15191713
10652539
8111899
16296385
3893002
</code></pre></p>
<h2>バージョン</h2>
<h3>言語</h3>
<ul>
<li>C++11</li>
</ul>
<h3>処理系</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#clang">Clang</a>: ??</li>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#gcc">GCC</a>: 4.7.2 <span aria-label="検証済" role="img" title="検証済">✅</span></li>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#icc">ICC</a>: ??</li>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#visual_cpp">Visual C++</a>: 2010 <span aria-label="検証済" role="img" title="検証済">✅</span>, 2012 <span aria-label="検証済" role="img" title="検証済">✅</span>, 2013 <span aria-label="検証済" role="img" title="検証済">✅</span>, 2015 <span aria-label="検証済" role="img" title="検証済">✅</span>, 2017 <span aria-label="検証済" role="img" title="検証済">✅</span></li>
</ul>
<h2>参照</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2002/n1398.html" target="_blank">N1398 A Proposal to Add an Extensible Random Number Facility to the Standard Library</a></li>
<li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220414101703/https://luscher.web.cern.ch/luscher/ranlux/" target="_blank">Ranlux - Random number generator</a></li>
<li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190922154624/http://cmd.inp.nsk.su/old/cmd2/manuals/cernlib/shortwrups/node244.html" target="_blank">Uniform Random Numbers of Guaranteed Quality</a></li>
<li><a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/1276927.1276928" target="_blank">M. Matsumoto, et al., Common Defects in Initialization of Pseudorandom Number Generators, <em>ACM Trans. Model. Comput. Simul.</em> <strong>17</strong>, 15 (2007)</a></li>
</ul></div>
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