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<div class="identifier-type">concept</div><div class="header"><iterator></div><h1 itemprop="name"><span class="namespace" title="namespace std">std::</span><span class="token">sentinel_for</span><span class="cpp cpp20" title="C++20で追加">(C++20)</span></h1>
<div itemprop="articleBody"><p><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">namespace</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">std</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// C++20</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">template</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">S</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">I</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">concept</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc"><a href="">sentinel_for</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../concepts/semiregular.html">semiregular</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">S</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="input_or_output_iterator.html">input_or_output_iterator</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">I</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../concepts/equality_comparable.html">weakly-equality-comparable-with</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">S</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">I</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// C++26</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">template</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">S</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">I</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">concept</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc"><a href="">sentinel_for</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../concepts/semiregular.html">semiregular</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">S</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n"><a href="is_integer_like.html">is-integer-like</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">S</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="input_or_output_iterator.html">input_or_output_iterator</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">I</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../concepts/equality_comparable.html">weakly-equality-comparable-with</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">S</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">I</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</p>
<h2>概要</h2>
<p><code>sentinel_for</code>は、任意の<code><a href="../concepts/semiregular.html">semiregular</a></code>な型<code>S</code>がイテレータ型<code>I</code>の番兵（<em>sentinel</em>）型である事を表すコンセプトである。</p>
<p>番兵型とは、<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="2つのイテレータで表現される半開区間を表す。C++20からイテレータと番兵で異なる型であっても指定可能になる">イテレータ範囲</a><code>[begin, end)</code>においての<code>end</code>を表す型の事である。これは通常<code>begin</code>の型と同じになるが、等値比較可能でありさえすれば別の型であっても構わない。</p>
<h2>モデル</h2>
<p>型<code>I, S</code>の値<code>i, s</code>とそれによって示される範囲<code>[i, s)</code>について次の条件を満たす場合に限って、型<code>I, S</code>は<code>sentinel_for</code>のモデルである。</p>
<ul>
<li><code>i == s</code>が<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="プログラムが文法規則・診断対象の意味規則・単一定義規則を満たすこと" href="../../implementation-compliance.html#dfn-well-formed">適格</a>である（<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="未定義の動作。処理系は予期せぬ動作をする可能性がある。要するに動作保証対象外。undefined behavior (UB)。" href="../../implementation-compliance.html#dfn-undefined-behavior">未定義動作</a>にならない）</li>
<li><code>bool(i != s) == true</code>の（<code>i</code>が範囲終端に到達していない）時、<code>i</code>は間接参照可能であり<code>[++i, s)</code>も範囲を示す</li>
<li><code>I&, S</code>が<code><a href="../concepts/assignable_from.html">assignable_from</a><I&, S></code>のモデルとならないなら、構文的にも<code>assignable_from</code>コンセプトを満たさない</li>
<li>（C++26）<code>I</code>と<code>S</code>が同じ型である場合、<code>i == i</code>は<code>true</code>である</li>
</ul>
<p>ここでの<code>==</code>の<a href="../concepts.html">定義域</a>は静的ではなく、実行時に変化しうる。<code>[i, s)</code>が範囲を示している時に<code>i == oi</code>となるような別のイテレータ<code>oi</code>をインクリメント（<code>++oi</code>）した後で、範囲<code>[i, s)</code>が有効であり続ける必要はない。</p>
<h2>例</h2>
<p><div class="yata" id="8d44ff5b9a7b7a8e0fa58fdbd59923226fea73a2"><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="cp">#include <a href="../iostream.html"><iostream></a></span>
<span class="cp">#include <a href="../iterator.html"><iterator></a></span>
<span class="cp">#include <a href="../vector.html"><vector></a></span>
<span class="k">template</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">typename</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">I</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span style="color:#ff0000">std::sentinel_for</span></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">I</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">S</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">namei</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">names</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../iostream/cout.html">std::cout</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">names</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">" is sentinel for "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">namei</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">template</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">typename</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">I</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">typename</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">S</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">namei</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">names</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../iostream/cout.html">std::cout</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">names</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">" is not sentinel for "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">namei</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">sample_sentinel</span><span class="p">{};</span>
<span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">sample_input_or_output_iterator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">friend</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">operator</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sample_input_or_output_iterator</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sample_input_or_output_iterator</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">friend</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">operator</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sample_input_or_output_iterator</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sample_input_or_output_iterator</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">friend</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">operator</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sample_input_or_output_iterator</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">friend</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">operator</span><span class="o">==</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sample_input_or_output_iterator</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sample_sentinel</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">using</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">difference_type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">*></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"int*"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"int*"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">*></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"const int*"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"int*"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">*></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"int*"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"int* const"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n"><a href="../vector/vector.html">std::vector</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">>::</span><span class="n">iterator</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../vector/vector.html">std::vector</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">>::</span><span class="n">iterator</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"<a href="../vector/vector.html">std::vector</a><int>::iterator"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"<a href="../vector/vector.html">std::vector</a><int>::iterator"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">sample_input_or_output_iterator</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sample_sentinel</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"sample_input_or_output_iterator"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"sample_sentinel"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../iostream/cout.html">std::cout</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n"><a href="../vector/vector.html">std::vector</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">>::</span><span class="n">iterator</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">*></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"<a href="../vector/vector.html">std::vector</a><int>::iterator"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"int*"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">*></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"double*"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"int*"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div></p>
<h3>出力</h3>
<p><pre><code>int* is sentinel for int*
int* is sentinel for const int*
int* const is sentinel for int*
<a href="../vector/vector.html">std::vector</a><int>::iterator is sentinel for <a href="../vector/vector.html">std::vector</a><int>::iterator
sample_sentinel is sentinel for sample_input_or_output_iterator
int* is not sentinel for <a href="../vector/vector.html">std::vector</a><int>::iterator
int* is not sentinel for double*
</code></pre></p>
<h2>バージョン</h2>
<h3>言語</h3>
<ul>
<li>C++20</li>
</ul>
<h3>処理系</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#clang">Clang</a>: ??</li>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#gcc">GCC</a>: 10.1 <span aria-label="検証済" role="img" title="検証済">✅</span></li>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#visual_cpp">Visual C++</a>: 2019 Update 6 <span aria-label="検証済" role="img" title="検証済">✅</span></li>
</ul>
<h2>関連項目</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../lang/cpp20/concepts.html">C++20 コンセプト</a></li>
</ul>
<h2>参照</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2018/p0896r4.pdf" target="_blank">P0896R4 The One Ranges Proposal (was Merging the Ranges TS)</a></li>
<li><a href="https://cplusplus.github.io/LWG/issue3453" target="_blank">LWG Issue 3453. Generic code cannot call <code>ranges::advance(i, s)</code></a></li>
<li><a href="https://cplusplus.github.io/LWG/issue3777" target="_blank">LWG Issue 3777. Common <code>cartesian_product_view</code> produces invalid range if first range is input and one range is empty</a><ul>
<li>C++26で、<code>I</code>と<code>S</code>が同じ型のとき<code>i == i</code>が<code>true</code>であるという意味論要件がモデルに追加された</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="https://cplusplus.github.io/LWG/issue4510" target="_blank">LWG Issue 4510. Ambiguity of <code>std::ranges::advance</code> and <code>std::ranges::next</code> when the difference type is also a sentinel type</a><ul>
<li>C++26で、番兵型<code>S</code>が整数類似型でないこと（<code>!<a href="is_integer_like.html">is-integer-like</a><S></code>）が制約に追加された。差分型が番兵型のモデルにもなる場合に、<code>ranges::advance</code>／<code>ranges::next</code>の<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="同名の関数を異なる引数・テンプレート・制約などで複数定義すること。または同名の関数の集合">オーバーロード</a>が曖昧になる問題を回避するもの</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul></div>
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