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<div class="identifier-type">function template</div><div class="header"><functional></div><h1 itemprop="name"><span class="namespace" title="namespace std">std::</span><span class="token">not_fn</span><span class="cpp cpp17" title="C++17で追加">(C++17)</span></h1>
<div itemprop="articleBody"><p><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">namespace</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">std</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">template</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">F</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><i>unspecified</i></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">not_fn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">F</span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// (1) C++17</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">template</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">F</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">constexpr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><i>unspecified</i></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">not_fn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">F</span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// (1) C++20</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">template</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">constexpr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><i>unspecified</i></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">not_fn</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// (2) C++26</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</p>
<h2>概要</h2>
<p>任意個数の引数をとって<code>bool</code>型を返す関数オブジェクトを受け取り、<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="関数呼び出し式の評価結果となるオブジェクト・値">戻り値</a>を論理反転する関数オブジェクトに変換する。</p>
<h2><a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="関数等の意味論を構成する要素の1つ。Preconditions。関数呼び出し時に満たされていると関数が想定する条件。満たさなければ未定義の動作。契約属性の`[[expects]]`に相当">事前条件</a></h2>
<ul>
<li>(1) : <code><a href="../type_traits/decay.html">decay_t</a><F></code>を適用した型を<code>FD</code>として、<code>FD</code>がCpp17MoveConstructible要件を満たすこと</li>
</ul>
<h2><a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="関数等の意味論を構成する要素の1つ。Mandates。満たさなければプログラムが不適格となる要件。この要件は、オーバーロード解決によって選択された関数内での`static_assert`の定数条件式や、関数に対するdelete宣言などで表現できる">適格要件</a></h2>
<ul>
<li>(1) : <code><a href="../type_traits/decay.html">decay_t</a><F></code>を適用した型を<code>FD</code>として、<ul>
<li><code><a href="../type_traits/is_constructible.html">is_constructible_v</a><FD, F></code>が<code>true</code>、かつ</li>
<li><code><a href="../type_traits/is_move_constructible.html">is_move_constructible_v</a><FD></code>が<code>true</code>であること</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>(2) : <code>F</code>を<code>f</code>の型として、もし<code><a href="../type_traits/is_pointer.html">is_pointer_v</a><F> || <a href="../type_traits/is_member_pointer.html">is_member_pointer_v</a><F></code>が<code>true</code>ならば、<code>f != nullptr</code>であること</li>
</ul>
<h2>効果(C++17)</h2>
<p>説明用の関数オブジェクト<code>call_wrapper</code>があるものとして、<code>call_wrapper(<a href="../utility/forward.html">std::forward</a><F>(f))</code>を返す。</p>
<p>説明用の関数オブジェクト<code>call_wrapper</code>は、以下のようなクラスである：</p>
<p><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">call_wrapper</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">using</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">FD</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../type_traits/decay.html">decay_t</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">F</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">explicit</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">call_wrapper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">F</span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// not_fnをfriendにして呼び出す</span>
<span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">call_wrapper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">call_wrapper</span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">default</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">call_wrapper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">call_wrapper</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">default</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">template</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">...</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Args</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">operator</span><span class="p">()(</span><span class="n">Args</span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="p">...)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">decltype</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n"><a href="../utility/declval.html">declval</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n"><a href="../type_traits/invoke_result.html">invoke_result_t</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">FD</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Args</span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="p">...</span><span class="o">>></span><span class="p">());</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">template</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">...</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Args</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">operator</span><span class="p">()(</span><span class="n">Args</span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="p">...)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">decltype</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n"><a href="../utility/declval.html">declval</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n"><a href="../type_traits/invoke_result.html">invoke_result_t</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">FD</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Args</span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="p">...</span><span class="o">>></span><span class="p">());</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">template</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">...</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Args</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">operator</span><span class="p">()(</span><span class="n">Args</span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="p">...)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">decltype</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n"><a href="../utility/declval.html">declval</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n"><a href="../type_traits/invoke_result.html">invoke_result_t</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">FD</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Args</span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="p">...</span><span class="o">>></span><span class="p">());</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">template</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="k">class</span><span class="p">...</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Args</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">operator</span><span class="p">()(</span><span class="n">Args</span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="p">...)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">decltype</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n"><a href="../utility/declval.html">declval</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n"><a href="../type_traits/invoke_result.html">invoke_result_t</a></span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">FD</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Args</span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="p">...</span><span class="o">>></span><span class="p">());</span>
<span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">FD</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fd</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
</code></pre></div>
</p>
<p>このクラスのコンストラクタは、式<code>fd = <a href="../utility/forward.html">std::forward</a><F>(f)</code>を実行する。この式が<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="問題が発生したときに、現在実行位置を過去に通過・記録した位置に戻し、文脈情報を添えて紐づけられた処理(例外ハンドラー)を呼び出す仕組み。またはその事態">例外</a>を送出する可能性がある。</p>
<p>このクラスの関数オブジェクトは、以下の式を実行する：</p>
<ul>
<li>左辺値参照版 : <code>return !<a href="../concepts/Invoke.html">INVOKE</a>(fd, <a href="../utility/forward.html">std::forward</a><Args>(args)...)</code></li>
<li>右辺値参照版 : <code>return !<a href="../concepts/Invoke.html">INVOKE</a>(<a href="../utility/move.html">std::move</a>(fd), <a href="../utility/forward.html">std::forward</a><Args>(args)...)</code></li>
</ul>
<h2><a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="関数呼び出し式の評価結果となるオブジェクト・値">戻り値</a>(C++20)</h2>
<p>結果オブジェクト<code>g</code>に対する関数呼び出し式の引数パック<code>call_args</code>としたとき</p>
<ul>
<li>(1) : <code>fd</code>を<code><a href="../utility/forward.html">std::forward</a><F>(f)</code>で<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="direct-non-list-initialization。リスト初期化ではない直接初期化">直接非リスト初期化</a>した<code>FD</code>型のオブジェクトに対して<ul>
<li>関数呼び出し式の結果が<code>!<a href="invoke.html">invoke</a>(fd, call_args...)</code>に等しい、完全転送呼び出しラッパー(perfect forwarding call wrapper)オブジェクトを返す。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>(2) :<ul>
<li>関数呼び出し式の結果が<code>!<a href="invoke.html">invoke</a>(f, call_args...)</code>に等しい、状態を持たない完全転送呼び出しラッパー(perfect forwarding call wrapper)オブジェクトを返す。</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h2><a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="問題が発生したときに、現在実行位置を過去に通過・記録した位置に戻し、文脈情報を添えて紐づけられた処理(例外ハンドラー)を呼び出す仕組み。またはその事態">例外</a></h2>
<ul>
<li>(1) : 関数オブジェクト<code>f</code>のムーブによって任意の<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="問題が発生したときに、現在実行位置を過去に通過・記録した位置に戻し、文脈情報を添えて紐づけられた処理(例外ハンドラー)を呼び出す仕組み。またはその事態">例外</a>が送出される可能性がある</li>
</ul>
<h2>例</h2>
<p><div class="yata" id="b76fae5df79ed723801ce340ea0e67d3127ee16e"><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="cp">#include <a href="../iostream.html"><iostream></a></span>
<span class="cp">#include <a href="../functional.html"><functional></a></span>
<span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pred_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">pred_functor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">bool</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">operator</span><span class="p">()(</span><span class="kt">double</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">false</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../iostream/cout.html">std::cout</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../ios/boolalpha.html">std::boolalpha</a></span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">not_func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span style="color:#ff0000">std::not_fn</span></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pred_func</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../iostream/cout.html">std::cout</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">not_func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">'a'</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.14</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">not_functor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span style="color:#ff0000">std::not_fn</span></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pred_functor</span><span class="p">{});</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../iostream/cout.html">std::cout</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">not_functor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3.14</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div></p>
<h3>出力</h3>
<p><pre><code>false
true
</code></pre></p>
<h2>バージョン</h2>
<h3>言語</h3>
<ul>
<li>C++17</li>
</ul>
<h3>処理系</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#clang">Clang</a>: 3.9.1 <span aria-label="検証済" role="img" title="検証済">✅</span></li>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#gcc">GCC</a>: 7.2 <span aria-label="検証済" role="img" title="検証済">✅</span></li>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#icc">ICC</a>: ??</li>
<li><a href="../../implementation.html#visual_cpp">Visual C++</a>: ??</li>
</ul>
<h2>参照</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2016/p0005r4.html" target="_blank">P0005R4 Adopt <code>not_fn</code> from Library Fundamentals 2 for C++17</a></li>
<li><a href="https://wg21.cmeerw.net/lwg/issue2767" target="_blank">LWG Issue 2767. <code>not_fn call_wrapper</code> can form invalid types</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2018/p0356r5.html" target="_blank">P0356R5 Simplified partial function application</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2019/p1065r2.html" target="_blank">P1065R2 constexpr INVOKE</a></li>
<li><a href="https://open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2023/p2714r1.html" target="_blank">P2714R1 Bind front and back to NTTP callables</a><ul>
<li>C++26で<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="同名の関数を異なる引数・テンプレート・制約などで複数定義すること。または同名の関数の集合">オーバーロード</a>(2)を追加</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="https://cplusplus.github.io/LWG/issue4533" target="_blank">LWG Issue 4533. <code>not_fn<f></code> is unimplementable</a><ul>
<li>C++26で、NTTP版の呼び出しラッパーを実装可能にするため、<code>cw<f></code>のコピーを対象オブジェクトとして持つよう仕様が明確化された</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul></div>
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