{

if (!mSettings->severity.isEnabled(Severity::warning))

return;

logChecker("CheckOther::checkCastIntToCharAndBack"); // warning

const SymbolDatabase *symbolDatabase = mTokenizer->getSymbolDatabase();

for (const Scope * scope : symbolDatabase->functionScopes) {

std::map<int, std::string> vars;

for (const Token* tok = scope->bodyStart->next(); tok && tok != scope->bodyEnd; tok = tok->next()) {

// Quick check to see if any of the matches below have any chances

if (!Token::Match(tok, "%var%|EOF %comp%|="))

continue;

if (Token::Match(tok, "%var% = fclose|fflush|fputc|fputs|fscanf|getchar|getc|fgetc|putchar|putc|puts|scanf|sscanf|ungetc (")) {

const Variable *var = tok->variable();

if (var && var->typeEndToken()->str() == "char" && !var->typeEndToken()->isSigned()) {

vars[tok->varId()] = tok->strAt(2);

}

} else if (Token::Match(tok, "EOF %comp% ( %var% = fclose|fflush|fputc|fputs|fscanf|getchar|getc|fgetc|putchar|putc|puts|scanf|sscanf|ungetc (")) {

tok = tok->tokAt(3);

const Variable *var = tok->variable();

if (var && var->typeEndToken()->str() == "char" && !var->typeEndToken()->isSigned()) {

checkCastIntToCharAndBackError(tok, tok->strAt(2));

}

} else if (tok->isCpp() && (Token::Match(tok, "EOF %comp% ( %var% = std :: cin . get (") || Token::Match(tok, "EOF %comp% ( %var% = cin . get ("))) {

tok = tok->tokAt(3);

const Variable *var = tok->variable();

if (var && var->typeEndToken()->str() == "char" && !var->typeEndToken()->isSigned()) {

checkCastIntToCharAndBackError(tok, "cin.get");

}

} else if (tok->isCpp() && (Token::Match(tok, "%var% = std :: cin . get (") || Token::Match(tok, "%var% = cin . get ("))) {

const Variable *var = tok->variable();

if (var && var->typeEndToken()->str() == "char" && !var->typeEndToken()->isSigned()) {

vars[tok->varId()] = "cin.get";

}

} else if (Token::Match(tok, "%var% %comp% EOF")) {

if (vars.find(tok->varId()) != vars.end()) {

checkCastIntToCharAndBackError(tok, vars[tok->varId()]);

}

} else if (Token::Match(tok, "EOF %comp% %var%")) {

tok = tok->tokAt(2);

if (vars.find(tok->varId()) != vars.end()) {

checkCastIntToCharAndBackError(tok, vars[tok->varId()]);

}

}

}

}

{

reportError(

tok,

Severity::warning,

"checkCastIntToCharAndBack",

"$symbol:" + strFunctionName + "\n"

"Storing $symbol() return value in char variable and then comparing with EOF.\n"

"When saving $symbol() return value in char variable there is loss of precision. "

" When $symbol() returns EOF this value is truncated. Comparing the char "

"variable with EOF can have unexpected results. For instance a loop \"while (EOF != (c = $symbol());\" "

"loops forever on some compilers/platforms and on other compilers/platforms it will stop "

"when the file contains a matching character.", CWE197, Certainty::normal

);

{

if (!mSettings->severity.isEnabled(Severity::style) && !mSettings->isPremiumEnabled("clarifyCalculation"))

return;

logChecker("CheckOther::clarifyCalculation"); // style

const SymbolDatabase *symbolDatabase = mTokenizer->getSymbolDatabase();

for (const Scope * scope : symbolDatabase->functionScopes) {

for (const Token* tok = scope->bodyStart->next(); tok != scope->bodyEnd; tok = tok->next()) {

// ? operator where lhs is arithmetical expression

if (tok->str() != "?" || !tok->astOperand1() || !tok->astOperand1()->isCalculation())

continue;

if (!tok->astOperand1()->isArithmeticalOp() && tok->astOperand1()->tokType() != Token::eBitOp)

continue;

// non-pointer calculation in lhs and pointer in rhs => no clarification is needed

if (tok->astOperand1()->isBinaryOp() && Token::Match(tok->astOperand1(), "%or%|&|%|*|/") && tok->astOperand2()->valueType() && tok->astOperand2()->valueType()->pointer > 0)

continue;

// bit operation in lhs and char literals in rhs => probably no mistake

if (tok->astOperand1()->tokType() == Token::eBitOp && Token::Match(tok->astOperand2()->astOperand1(), "%char%") && Token::Match(tok->astOperand2()->astOperand2(), "%char%"))

continue;

// 2nd operand in lhs has known integer value => probably no mistake

if (tok->astOperand1()->isBinaryOp() && tok->astOperand1()->astOperand2()->hasKnownIntValue()) {

const Token *op = tok->astOperand1()->astOperand2();

if (op->isNumber())

continue;

if (op->valueType() && op->valueType()->isEnum())

continue;

}

// Is code clarified by parentheses already?

const Token *tok2 = tok->astOperand1();

for (; tok2; tok2 = tok2->next()) {

if (tok2->str() == "(")

tok2 = tok2->link();

else if (tok2->str() == ")")

break;

else if (tok2->str() == "?") {

clarifyCalculationError(tok, tok->astOperand1()->str());

break;

}

}

}

}

{

// suspicious calculation

const std::string calc("'a" + op + "b?c:d'");

// recommended calculation #1

const std::string s1("'(a" + op + "b)?c:d'");

// recommended calculation #2

const std::string s2("'a" + op + "(b?c:d)'");

reportError(tok,

Severity::style,

"clarifyCalculation",

"Clarify calculation precedence for '" + op + "' and '?'.\n"

"Suspicious calculation. Please use parentheses to clarify the code. "

"The code '" + calc + "' should be written as either '" + s1 + "' or '" + s2 + "'.", CWE783, Certainty::normal);

{

if (!mSettings->severity.isEnabled(Severity::warning))

return;

logChecker("CheckOther::clarifyStatement"); // warning

const SymbolDatabase *symbolDatabase = mTokenizer->getSymbolDatabase();

for (const Scope * scope : symbolDatabase->functionScopes) {

for (const Token* tok = scope->bodyStart; tok && tok != scope->bodyEnd; tok = tok->next()) {

if (tok->astOperand1() && Token::Match(tok, "* %name%")) {

const Token *tok2 = tok->previous();

while (tok2 && tok2->str() == "*")

tok2 = tok2->previous();

if (tok2 && !tok2->astParent() && Token::Match(tok2, "[{};]")) {

tok2 = tok->astOperand1();

if (Token::Match(tok2, "++|-- [;,]"))

clarifyStatementError(tok2);

}

}

}

}

{

reportError(tok, Severity::warning, "clarifyStatement", "In expression like '*A++' the result of '*' is unused. Did you intend to write '(*A)++;'?\n"

"A statement like '*A++;' might not do what you intended. Postfix 'operator++' is executed before 'operator*'. "

"Thus, the dereference is meaningless. Did you intend to write '(*A)++;'?", CWE783, Certainty::normal);

{

if (!mSettings->certainty.isEnabled(Certainty::inconclusive) || !mSettings->severity.isEnabled(Severity::warning))

return;

const SymbolDatabase* const symbolDatabase = mTokenizer->getSymbolDatabase();

logChecker("CheckOther::checkSuspiciousSemicolon"); // warning,inconclusive

// Look for "if(); {}", "for(); {}" or "while(); {}"

for (const Scope &scope : symbolDatabase->scopeList) {

if (scope.type == Scope::eIf || scope.type == Scope::eElse || scope.type == Scope::eWhile || scope.type == Scope::eFor) {

// Ensure the semicolon is at the same line number as the if/for/while statement

// and the {..} block follows it without an extra empty line.

if (Token::simpleMatch(scope.bodyStart, "{ ; } {") &&

scope.bodyStart->previous()->linenr() == scope.bodyStart->tokAt(2)->linenr() &&

scope.bodyStart->linenr()+1 >= scope.bodyStart->tokAt(3)->linenr() &&

!scope.bodyStart->tokAt(3)->isExpandedMacro()) {

suspiciousSemicolonError(scope.classDef);

}

}

}

{

reportError(tok, Severity::warning, "suspiciousSemicolon",

"Suspicious use of ; at the end of '" + (tok ? tok->str() : std::string()) + "' statement.", CWE398, Certainty::normal);

{

// Only valid on C++ code

if (!mTokenizer->isCPP())

return;

if (!mSettings->severity.isEnabled(Severity::style) && !mSettings->isPremiumEnabled("cstyleCast"))

return;

logChecker("CheckOther::warningOldStylePointerCast"); // style,c++

const SymbolDatabase *symbolDatabase = mTokenizer->getSymbolDatabase();

for (const Scope * scope : symbolDatabase->functionScopes) {

const Token* tok;

if (scope->function && scope->function->isConstructor())

tok = scope->classDef;

else

tok = scope->bodyStart;

for (; tok && tok != scope->bodyEnd; tok = tok->next()) {

// Old style pointer casting..

if (tok->str() != "(")

continue;

const Token* castTok = tok->next();

while (Token::Match(castTok, "const|volatile|class|struct|union|%type%|::")) {

castTok = castTok->next();

if (Token::simpleMatch(castTok, "<") && castTok->link())

castTok = castTok->link()->next();

}

if (castTok == tok->next())

continue;

bool isPtr = false, isRef = false;

while (Token::Match(castTok, "*|const|&")) {

if (castTok->str() == "*")

isPtr = true;

else if (castTok->str() == "&")

isRef = true;

castTok = castTok->next();

}

if ((!isPtr && !isRef) || !Token::Match(castTok, ") (| %name%|%num%|%bool%|%char%|%str%|&"))

continue;

if (Token::Match(tok->previous(), "%type%"))

continue;

// skip first "const" in "const Type* const"

while (Token::Match(tok->next(), "const|volatile|class|struct|union"))

tok = tok->next();

const Token* typeTok = tok->next();

// skip second "const" in "const Type* const"

if (tok->strAt(3) == "const")

tok = tok->next();

const Token *p = tok->tokAt(4);

if (p->hasKnownIntValue() && p->values().front().intvalue==0) // Casting nullpointers is safe

continue;

if (typeTok->tokType() == Token::eType || typeTok->tokType() == Token::eName)

cstyleCastError(tok, isPtr);

}

}

{

const std::string type = isPtr ? "pointer" : "reference";

reportError(tok, Severity::style, "cstyleCast",

"C-style " + type + " casting\n"

"C-style " + type + " casting detected. C++ offers four different kinds of casts as replacements: "

"static_cast, const_cast, dynamic_cast and reinterpret_cast. A C-style cast could evaluate to "

"any of those automatically, thus it is considered safer if the programmer explicitly states "

"which kind of cast is expected.", CWE398, Certainty::normal);

{

if (!mSettings->severity.isEnabled(Severity::style) && !mSettings->isPremiumEnabled("suspiciousFloatingPointCast"))

return;

logChecker("CheckOther::suspiciousFloatingPointCast"); // style

const SymbolDatabase *symbolDatabase = mTokenizer->getSymbolDatabase();

for (const Scope * scope : symbolDatabase->functionScopes) {

const Token* tok = scope->bodyStart;

if (scope->function && scope->function->isConstructor())

tok = scope->classDef;

for (; tok && tok != scope->bodyEnd; tok = tok->next()) {

if (!tok->isCast())

continue;

const ValueType* vt = tok->valueType();

if (!vt || vt->pointer || vt->reference != Reference::None || (vt->type != ValueType::FLOAT && vt->type != ValueType::DOUBLE))

continue;

using VTT = std::vector<ValueType::Type>;

const VTT sourceTypes = vt->type == ValueType::FLOAT ? VTT{ ValueType::DOUBLE, ValueType::LONGDOUBLE } : VTT{ ValueType::LONGDOUBLE };

const Token* source = tok->astOperand2() ? tok->astOperand2() : tok->astOperand1();

if (!source || !source->valueType() || std::find(sourceTypes.begin(), sourceTypes.end(), source->valueType()->type) == sourceTypes.end())

continue;

const Token* parent = tok->astParent();

if (!parent)

continue;

const ValueType* parentVt = parent->valueType();

if (!parentVt || parent->str() == "(") {

int argn{};

if (const Token* ftok = getTokenArgumentFunction(tok, argn)) {

if (ftok->function()) {

if (const Variable* argVar = ftok->function()->getArgumentVar(argn))

parentVt = argVar->valueType();

}

}

}

if (!parentVt || std::find(sourceTypes.begin(), sourceTypes.end(), parentVt->type) == sourceTypes.end())

continue;

suspiciousFloatingPointCastError(tok);

}

}

{

reportError(tok, Severity::style, "suspiciousFloatingPointCast",

"Floating-point cast causes loss of precision.\n"

"If this cast is not intentional, remove it to avoid loss of precision", CWE398, Certainty::normal);

{

if (!mSettings->severity.isEnabled(Severity::portability))

return;

logChecker("CheckOther::invalidPointerCast"); // portability

const bool printInconclusive = mSettings->certainty.isEnabled(Certainty::inconclusive);

const SymbolDatabase* const symbolDatabase = mTokenizer->getSymbolDatabase();

for (const Scope * scope : symbolDatabase->functionScopes) {

for (const Token* tok = scope->bodyStart->next(); tok != scope->bodyEnd; tok = tok->next()) {

const Token* toTok = nullptr;

const Token* fromTok = nullptr;

// Find cast

if (Token::Match(tok, "( const|volatile| const|volatile| %type% %type%| const| * )")) {

toTok = tok;

fromTok = tok->astOperand1();

} else if (Token::simpleMatch(tok, "reinterpret_cast <") && tok->linkAt(1)) {

toTok = tok->linkAt(1)->next();

fromTok = toTok->astOperand2();

}

if (!fromTok)

continue;

const ValueType* fromType = fromTok->valueType();

const ValueType* toType = toTok->valueType();

if (!fromType || !toType || !fromType->pointer || !toType->pointer)

continue;

if (fromType->type != toType->type && fromType->type >= ValueType::Type::BOOL && toType->type >= ValueType::Type::BOOL && (toType->type != ValueType::Type::CHAR || printInconclusive)) {

if (toType->isIntegral() && fromType->isIntegral())

continue;

invalidPointerCastError(tok, fromType->str(), toType->str(), toType->type == ValueType::Type::CHAR, toType->isIntegral());

}

}

}

{

if (toIsInt) { // If we cast something to int*, this can be useful to play with its binary data representation

reportError(tok, Severity::portability, "invalidPointerCast", "Casting from " + from + " to " + to + " is not portable due to different binary data representations on different platforms.", CWE704, inconclusive ? Certainty::inconclusive : Certainty::normal);

} else

reportError(tok, Severity::portability, "invalidPointerCast", "Casting between " + from + " and " + to + " which have an incompatible binary data representation.", CWE704, Certainty::normal);

{

if (!mSettings->severity.isEnabled(Severity::style) &&

!mSettings->isPremiumEnabled("redundantAssignment") &&

!mSettings->isPremiumEnabled("redundantAssignInSwitch"))

return;

logChecker("CheckOther::checkRedundantAssignment"); // style

const SymbolDatabase* symbolDatabase = mTokenizer->getSymbolDatabase();

for (const Scope *scope : symbolDatabase->functionScopes) {

if (!scope->bodyStart)

continue;

for (const Token* tok = scope->bodyStart->next(); tok != scope->bodyEnd; tok = tok->next()) {

if (Token::simpleMatch(tok, "] ("))

// todo: handle lambdas

break;

if (Token::simpleMatch(tok, "try {"))

// todo: check try blocks

tok = tok->linkAt(1);

if ((tok->isAssignmentOp() || tok->tokType() == Token::eIncDecOp) && tok->astOperand1()) {

if (tok->astParent())

continue;

// Do not warn about redundant initialization when rhs is trivial

// TODO : do not simplify the variable declarations

bool isInitialization = false;

if (Token::Match(tok->tokAt(-2), "; %var% =") && tok->tokAt(-2)->isSplittedVarDeclEq()) {

isInitialization = true;

bool trivial = true;

visitAstNodes(tok->astOperand2(),

[&](const Token *rhs) {

if (Token::simpleMatch(rhs, "{ 0 }"))

return ChildrenToVisit::none;

if (Token::Match(rhs, "%str%|%num%|%name%") && !rhs->varId())

return ChildrenToVisit::none;

if (Token::Match(rhs, ":: %name%") && rhs->hasKnownIntValue())

return ChildrenToVisit::none;

if (rhs->isCast())

return ChildrenToVisit::op2;

trivial = false;

return ChildrenToVisit::done;

});

if (trivial)

continue;

}

const Token* rhs = tok->astOperand2();

// Do not warn about assignment with 0 / NULL

if ((rhs && MathLib::isNullValue(rhs->str())) || isNullOperand(rhs))

continue;

if (tok->astOperand1()->variable() && tok->astOperand1()->variable()->isReference())

// todo: check references

continue;

if (tok->astOperand1()->variable() && tok->astOperand1()->variable()->isStatic())

// todo: check static variables

continue;

bool inconclusive = false;

if (tok->isCpp() && tok->astOperand1()->valueType()) {

// If there is a custom assignment operator => this is inconclusive

if (tok->astOperand1()->valueType()->typeScope) {

const std::string op = "operator" + tok->str();

const std::list<Function>& fList = tok->astOperand1()->valueType()->typeScope->functionList;

inconclusive = std::any_of(fList.cbegin(), fList.cend(), [&](const Function& f) {

return f.name() == op;

});

}

// assigning a smart pointer has side effects

if (tok->astOperand1()->valueType()->type == ValueType::SMART_POINTER)

break;

}

if (inconclusive && !mSettings->certainty.isEnabled(Certainty::inconclusive))

continue;

FwdAnalysis fwdAnalysis(*mSettings);

if (fwdAnalysis.hasOperand(tok->astOperand2(), tok->astOperand1()))

continue;

// Is there a redundant assignment?

const Token *start;

if (tok->isAssignmentOp())

start = tok->next();

else

start = tok->findExpressionStartEndTokens().second->next();

const Token * tokenToCheck = tok->astOperand1();

// Check if we are working with union

for (const Token* tempToken = tokenToCheck; Token::simpleMatch(tempToken, ".");) {

tempToken = tempToken->astOperand1();

if (tempToken && tempToken->variable() && tempToken->variable()->type() && tempToken->variable()->type()->isUnionType())

tokenToCheck = tempToken;

}

if (start->hasKnownSymbolicValue(tokenToCheck) && Token::simpleMatch(start->astParent(), "=") && !diag(tok)) {

const ValueFlow::Value* val = start->getKnownValue(ValueFlow::Value::ValueType::SYMBOLIC);

if (val->intvalue == 0) // no offset

redundantAssignmentSameValueError(tokenToCheck, val, tok->astOperand1()->expressionString());

}

// Get next assignment..

const Token *nextAssign = fwdAnalysis.reassign(tokenToCheck, start, scope->bodyEnd);

// extra check for union

if (nextAssign && tokenToCheck != tok->astOperand1())

nextAssign = fwdAnalysis.reassign(tok->astOperand1(), start, scope->bodyEnd);

if (!nextAssign)

continue;

// there is redundant assignment. Is there a case between the assignments?

bool hasCase = false;

for (const Token *tok2 = tok; tok2 != nextAssign; tok2 = tok2->next()) {

if (tok2->str() == "break" || tok2->str() == "return")

break;

if (tok2->str() == "case") {

hasCase = true;

break;

}

}

// warn

if (hasCase)

redundantAssignmentInSwitchError(tok, nextAssign, tok->astOperand1()->expressionString());

else if (isInitialization)

redundantInitializationError(tok, nextAssign, tok->astOperand1()->expressionString(), inconclusive);

else {

diag(nextAssign);

redundantAssignmentError(tok, nextAssign, tok->astOperand1()->expressionString(), inconclusive);

}

}

}

}

{

const std::list<const Token *> callstack = { tok1, tok2 };

reportError(callstack, Severity::performance, "redundantCopy",

"$symbol:" + var + "\n"

"Buffer '$symbol' is being written before its old content has been used.", CWE563, Certainty::normal);

{

const ErrorPath errorPath = { ErrorPathItem(tok1, var + " is assigned"), ErrorPathItem(tok2, var + " is overwritten") };

if (inconclusive)

reportError(errorPath, Severity::style, "redundantAssignment",

"$symbol:" + var + "\n"

"Variable '$symbol' is reassigned a value before the old one has been used if variable is no semaphore variable.\n"

"Variable '$symbol' is reassigned a value before the old one has been used. Make sure that this variable is not used like a semaphore in a threading environment before simplifying this code.", CWE563, Certainty::inconclusive);

else

reportError(errorPath, Severity::style, "redundantAssignment",

"$symbol:" + var + "\n"

"Variable '$symbol' is reassigned a value before the old one has been used.", CWE563, Certainty::normal);

{

const ErrorPath errorPath = { ErrorPathItem(tok1, var + " is initialized"), ErrorPathItem(tok2, var + " is overwritten") };

reportError(errorPath, Severity::style, "redundantInitialization",

"$symbol:" + var + "\nRedundant initialization for '$symbol'. The initialized value is overwritten before it is read.",

CWE563,

inconclusive ? Certainty::inconclusive : Certainty::normal);

{

const ErrorPath errorPath = { ErrorPathItem(tok1, "$symbol is assigned"), ErrorPathItem(tok2, "$symbol is overwritten") };

reportError(errorPath, Severity::style, "redundantAssignInSwitch",

"$symbol:" + var + "\n"

"Variable '$symbol' is reassigned a value before the old one has been used. 'break;' missing?", CWE563, Certainty::normal);

{

auto errorPath = val->errorPath;

errorPath.emplace_back(tok, "");

reportError(errorPath, Severity::style, "redundantAssignment",

"$symbol:" + var + "\n"

"Variable '$symbol' is assigned an expression that holds the same value.", CWE563, Certainty::normal);

{

if (!mSettings->severity.isEnabled(Severity::warning))

return;

logChecker("CheckOther::redundantBitwiseOperationInSwitch"); // warning

const SymbolDatabase *symbolDatabase = mTokenizer->getSymbolDatabase();

// Find the beginning of a switch. E.g.:

// switch (var) { ...

for (const Scope &switchScope : symbolDatabase->scopeList) {

if (switchScope.type != Scope::eSwitch || !switchScope.bodyStart)

continue;

// Check the contents of the switch statement

std::map<int, const Token*> varsWithBitsSet;

std::map<int, std::string> bitOperations;

for (const Token *tok2 = switchScope.bodyStart->next(); tok2 != switchScope.bodyEnd; tok2 = tok2->next()) {

if (tok2->str() == "{") {

// Inside a conditional or loop. Don't mark variable accesses as being redundant. E.g.:

// case 3: b = 1;

// case 4: if (a) { b = 2; } // Doesn't make the b=1 redundant because it's conditional

if (Token::Match(tok2->previous(), ")|else {") && tok2->link()) {

const Token* endOfConditional = tok2->link();

for (const Token* tok3 = tok2; tok3 != endOfConditional; tok3 = tok3->next()) {

if (tok3->varId() != 0) {

varsWithBitsSet.erase(tok3->varId());

bitOperations.erase(tok3->varId());

} else if (isFunctionOrBreakPattern(tok3)) {

varsWithBitsSet.clear();

bitOperations.clear();

}

}

tok2 = endOfConditional;

}

}

// Variable assignment. Report an error if it's assigned to twice before a break. E.g.:

// case 3: b = 1; // <== redundant

// case 4: b = 2;

if (Token::Match(tok2->previous(), ";|{|}|: %var% = %any% ;")) {

varsWithBitsSet.erase(tok2->varId());

bitOperations.erase(tok2->varId());

}

// Bitwise operation. Report an error if it's performed twice before a break. E.g.:

// case 3: b |= 1; // <== redundant

// case 4: b |= 1;

else if (Token::Match(tok2->previous(), ";|{|}|: %var% %assign% %num% ;") &&

(tok2->strAt(1) == "|=" || tok2->strAt(1) == "&=") &&

Token::Match(tok2->next()->astOperand2(), "%num%")) {

const std::string bitOp = tok2->strAt(1)[0] + tok2->strAt(2);

const auto i2 = utils::as_const(varsWithBitsSet).find(tok2->varId());

// This variable has not had a bit operation performed on it yet, so just make a note of it

if (i2 == varsWithBitsSet.end()) {

varsWithBitsSet[tok2->varId()] = tok2;

bitOperations[tok2->varId()] = bitOp;

}

// The same bit operation has been performed on the same variable twice, so report an error

else if (bitOperations[tok2->varId()] == bitOp)

redundantBitwiseOperationInSwitchError(i2->second, i2->second->str());

// A different bit operation was performed on the variable, so clear it

else {

varsWithBitsSet.erase(tok2->varId());

bitOperations.erase(tok2->varId());

}

}

// Bitwise operation. Report an error if it's performed twice before a break. E.g.:

// case 3: b = b | 1; // <== redundant

// case 4: b = b | 1;

else if (Token::Match(tok2->previous(), ";|{|}|: %var% = %name% %or%|& %num% ;") &&

tok2->varId() == tok2->tokAt(2)->varId()) {

const std::string bitOp = tok2->strAt(3) + tok2->strAt(4);

const auto i2 = utils::as_const(varsWithBitsSet).find(tok2->varId());

// This variable has not had a bit operation performed on it yet, so just make a note of it

if (i2 == varsWithBitsSet.end()) {

varsWithBitsSet[tok2->varId()] = tok2;

bitOperations[tok2->varId()] = bitOp;

}

// The same bit operation has been performed on the same variable twice, so report an error

else if (bitOperations[tok2->varId()] == bitOp)

redundantBitwiseOperationInSwitchError(i2->second, i2->second->str());

// A different bit operation was performed on the variable, so clear it

else {

varsWithBitsSet.erase(tok2->varId());

bitOperations.erase(tok2->varId());

}

}

// Not a simple assignment so there may be good reason if this variable is assigned to twice. E.g.:

// case 3: b = 1;

// case 4: b++;

else if (tok2->varId() != 0 && tok2->strAt(1) != "|" && tok2->strAt(1) != "&") {

varsWithBitsSet.erase(tok2->varId());

bitOperations.erase(tok2->varId());

}

// Reset our record of assignments if there is a break or function call. E.g.:

// case 3: b = 1; break;

if (isFunctionOrBreakPattern(tok2)) {

varsWithBitsSet.clear();

bitOperations.clear();

}

}

}

{

reportError(tok, Severity::style,

"redundantBitwiseOperationInSwitch",

"$symbol:" + varname + "\n"

"Redundant bitwise operation on '$symbol' in 'switch' statement. 'break;' missing?");

{

if (!mSettings->certainty.isEnabled(Certainty::inconclusive) || !mSettings->severity.isEnabled(Severity::warning))

return;

logChecker("CheckOther::checkSuspiciousCaseInSwitch"); // warning,inconclusive

const SymbolDatabase *symbolDatabase = mTokenizer->getSymbolDatabase();

for (const Scope & scope : symbolDatabase->scopeList) {

if (scope.type != Scope::eSwitch)

continue;

for (const Token* tok = scope.bodyStart->next(); tok != scope.bodyEnd; tok = tok->next()) {

if (tok->str() == "case") {

const Token* finding = nullptr;

for (const Token* tok2 = tok->next(); tok2; tok2 = tok2->next()) {

if (tok2->str() == ":")

break;

if (Token::Match(tok2, "[;}{]"))

break;

if (tok2->str() == "?")

finding = nullptr;

else if (Token::Match(tok2, "&&|%oror%"))

finding = tok2;

}

if (finding)

suspiciousCaseInSwitchError(finding, finding->str());

}

}

}

{

reportError(tok, Severity::warning, "suspiciousCase",

"Found suspicious case label in switch(). Operator '" + operatorString + "' probably doesn't work as intended.\n"

"Using an operator like '" + operatorString + "' in a case label is suspicious. Did you intend to use a bitwise operator, multiple case labels or if/else instead?", CWE398, Certainty::inconclusive);

{

while (scope) {

if (scope->type == Scope::ScopeType::eSwitch)

return true;

if (scope->type == Scope::ScopeType::eUnconditional) {

scope = scope->nestedIn;

continue;

}

break;

}

return false;

{

if (!tok)

return false;

if (!isNestedInSwitch(tok->scope()))

return false;

if (const Token* end = Token::findsimplematch(tok, ";")) {

for (const Token* tok2 = tok; tok2 != end; tok2 = tok2->next()) {

if (tok2->isKeyword() && tok2->str() == "case")

return false;

if (tok2->variable() && tok2->variable()->nameToken() == tok2) {

end = tok2->scope()->bodyEnd;

for (const Token* tok3 = tok2; tok3 != end; tok3 = tok3->next()) {

if (tok3->isKeyword())

return tok3->str() == "case";

}

return false;

}

}

}

return false;

{

// misra-c-2012-2.1

// misra-c-2023-2.1

// misra-cpp-2008-0-1-1

// autosar

if (!mSettings->severity.isEnabled(Severity::style) && !mSettings->isPremiumEnabled("duplicateBreak") && !mSettings->isPremiumEnabled("unreachableCode"))

return;

logChecker("CheckOther::checkUnreachableCode"); // style

const bool printInconclusive = mSettings->certainty.isEnabled(Certainty::inconclusive);

const SymbolDatabase* symbolDatabase = mTokenizer->getSymbolDatabase();

for (const Scope * scope : symbolDatabase->functionScopes) {

if (scope->hasInlineOrLambdaFunction(nullptr, /*onlyInline*/ true))

continue;

for (const Token* tok = scope->bodyStart; tok && tok != scope->bodyEnd; tok = tok->next()) {

const Token* secondBreak = nullptr;

const Token* labelName = nullptr;

if (tok->link() && Token::Match(tok, "(|[|<"))

tok = tok->link();

else if (Token::Match(tok, "break|continue ;"))

secondBreak = tok->tokAt(2);

else if (Token::Match(tok, "[;{}:] return|throw") && tok->next()->isKeyword()) {

if (Token::simpleMatch(tok->astParent(), "?"))

continue;

tok = tok->next(); // tok should point to return or throw

for (const Token *tok2 = tok->next(); tok2; tok2 = tok2->next()) {

if (tok2->str() == "(" || tok2->str() == "{")

tok2 = tok2->link();

if (tok2->str() == ";") {

secondBreak = tok2->next();

break;

}

}

} else if (Token::Match(tok, "goto %any% ;")) {

secondBreak = tok->tokAt(3);

labelName = tok->next();

} else if (Token::Match(tok, "%name% (") && mSettings->library.isnoreturn(tok) && !Token::Match(tok->next()->astParent(), "?|:")) {

if ((!tok->function() || (tok->function()->token != tok && tok->function()->tokenDef != tok)) && tok->linkAt(1)->strAt(1) != "{")

secondBreak = tok->linkAt(1)->tokAt(2);

if (Token::simpleMatch(secondBreak, "return")) {

// clarification for tools that function returns

continue;

}

}

while (Token::simpleMatch(secondBreak, "}") && secondBreak->scope()->type == Scope::ScopeType::eUnconditional)

secondBreak = secondBreak->next();

if (secondBreak && secondBreak->scope()->nestedIn && secondBreak->scope()->nestedIn->type == Scope::ScopeType::eSwitch &&

tok->str() == "break") {

while (Token::simpleMatch(secondBreak, "{") && secondBreak->scope()->type == Scope::ScopeType::eUnconditional)

secondBreak = secondBreak->next();

}

while (Token::simpleMatch(secondBreak, ";"))

secondBreak = secondBreak->next();

// Statements follow directly, no line between them. (#3383)

// TODO: Try to find a better way to avoid false positives due to preprocessor configurations.

const bool inconclusive = secondBreak && (secondBreak->linenr() - 1 > secondBreak->previous()->linenr());

if (secondBreak && (printInconclusive || !inconclusive)) {

if (Token::Match(secondBreak, "continue|goto|throw|return") && secondBreak->isKeyword()) {

duplicateBreakError(secondBreak, inconclusive);

tok = Token::findmatch(secondBreak, "[}:]");

} else if (secondBreak->str() == "break") { // break inside switch as second break statement should not issue a warning

if (tok->str() == "break") // If the previous was a break, too: Issue warning

duplicateBreakError(secondBreak, inconclusive);

else {

if (tok->scope()->type != Scope::eSwitch) // Check, if the enclosing scope is a switch

duplicateBreakError(secondBreak, inconclusive);

}

tok = Token::findmatch(secondBreak, "[}:]");

} else if (!Token::Match(secondBreak, "return|}|case|default") && secondBreak->strAt(1) != ":") { // TODO: No bailout for unconditional scopes

// If the goto label is followed by a loop construct in which the label is defined it's quite likely

// that the goto jump was intended to skip some code on the first loop iteration.

bool labelInFollowingLoop = false;

if (labelName && Token::Match(secondBreak, "while|do|for")) {

const Token *scope2 = Token::findsimplematch(secondBreak, "{");

if (scope2) {

for (const Token *tokIter = scope2; tokIter != scope2->link() && tokIter; tokIter = tokIter->next()) {

if (Token::Match(tokIter, "[;{}] %any% :") && labelName->str() == tokIter->strAt(1)) {

labelInFollowingLoop = true;

break;

}

}

}

}

// hide FP for statements that just hide compiler warnings about unused function arguments

bool silencedCompilerWarningOnly = false;

const Token *silencedWarning = secondBreak;

for (;;) {

if (Token::Match(silencedWarning, "( void ) %name% ;")) {

silencedWarning = silencedWarning->tokAt(5);

continue;

}

if (silencedWarning && silencedWarning == scope->bodyEnd)

silencedCompilerWarningOnly = true;

break;

}

if (silencedWarning)

secondBreak = silencedWarning;

if (!labelInFollowingLoop && !silencedCompilerWarningOnly && !isVardeclInSwitch(secondBreak))