fix(postgres-operator): align CNPG CRDs with 1.27.3 - #3528

…C resize-deadlock fix

Raises the CloudNativePG operator image and its CRDs together to 1.28.2, which carries the PVC resize-deadlock fix (cloudnative-pg#9980 / #9981): after a simultaneous resources+size change the operator deletes the sole primary Pod, leaves the PVC in the resizing class, and never recreates the Pod, wedging the cluster.

Upstream publishes a chart only per minor .0/.1, so there is no 1.28.2 chart on the 1.28 line. Following #3526/#3528, patches/cloudnative-pg-1.28.2.patch (applied by make update) raises the vendored chart's appVersion and CRDs from 1.28.1 to 1.28.2 in lockstep; the operator image follows appVersion, so no image.tag pin. Verified #3479-safe: no CRD status field changes between 1.28.1 and 1.28.2 (only the extensions spec grows). Backportable to release-1.6.

Signed-off-by: Alexey Artamonov <aleksei.artamonov@aenix.io>

…C resize-deadlock fix (#3510)

## What this PR does

Raises the CloudNativePG operator image **and its CRDs together** to
1.28.2, which carries the PVC resize-deadlock fix (cloudnative-pg#9980 /
cloudnative-pg#9981). Symptom: after a simultaneous `resources` + `size`
change on a single-instance Postgres, the operator deletes the sole
primary Pod, classifies the PVC as `resizing`, and never recreates the
Pod — the cluster wedges with zero instances and the disk FS resize
never completes.

Upstream publishes a CloudNativePG chart only per minor (`.0`/`.1`), so
there is no 1.28.2 chart on the 1.28 line. Following the pattern of
#3526 / #3528, `patches/cloudnative-pg-1.28.2.patch` (applied by `make
update`) raises the vendored chart's `appVersion` and CRDs from 1.28.1
to 1.28.2 in lockstep. The operator image follows `appVersion`, so there
is no `image.tag` pin (keeping operator and CRDs aligned and avoiding
#3479).

Verified #3479-safe: there are no CRD `status` field changes between
1.28.1 and 1.28.2 — only the `extensions` spec grows. Backportable to
release-1.6 as-is (same 0.27.1 base chart).

### Release note

```release-note
fix(postgres-operator): align CloudNativePG operator and CRDs to 1.28.2, fixing the PVC resize-deadlock that wedged single-instance PostgreSQL clusters after a simultaneous resources+size change
```

<!-- This is an auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai
-->

## Summary by CodeRabbit

- **New Features**
- Added support for PostgreSQL extension configuration in catalog and
cluster schemas.
  - Made extension image settings optional where appropriate.

- **Bug Fixes**
- Updated CloudNativePG to version 1.28.2, including the PVC resize
deadlock fix.
  - Kept the operator image and CRDs aligned at the same version.

- **Documentation**
  - Clarified versioning and chart update guidance.

- **Tests**
  - Added checks confirming operator image and CRD version alignment.

<!-- end of auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai -->