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| 1 | +# RPC服务框架之gRPC |
| 2 | + |
| 3 | +### 一.什么是RPC? |
| 4 | + |
| 5 | +##### RPC原理简图 |
| 6 | + |
| 7 | +<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ipipman/JavaSpringBootSamples/master/ReadmeMaterial/grpc/831608122149_.pic_hd.jpg" width = "580" height = "340" alt="图片名称" align=center /> |
| 8 | + |
| 9 | +### 二.什么是gRPC? |
| 10 | + |
| 11 | +##### gRPC是一个高性能、通用的开源RPC框架,基于HTTP/2二进制协议标准而设计,基于ProtoBuf(Protocol Buffers)序列化协议开发,且支持众多开发语言。 |
| 12 | + |
| 13 | +##### ProtoBuf具有了优秀的系列化协议所需的众多典型特性 |
| 14 | +ProtoBuf是一个存粹的展示层协议,可以和各种传输层协议一起使用 |
| 15 | +> - 具有标准的IDL和IDL编译器; |
| 16 | +> |
| 17 | +> - 序列化数据非常简介,紧凑,与XML相比,其序列化之后的数据量约为1/3和1/10; |
| 18 | +> |
| 19 | +> - 解析速度非常快,比对应的XML快20~100倍速度 |
| 20 | +
|
| 21 | + |
| 22 | +#### gRPC服务端创建流程 |
| 23 | + |
| 24 | +<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ipipman/JavaSpringBootSamples/master/ReadmeMaterial/grpc/841608122163_.pic_hd.jpg" width = "620" height = "380" alt="图片名称" align=center /> |
| 25 | + |
| 26 | +> - gRPC服务端基于NettyServer负责监听Socket地址,基于HTTP2协议的写入; |
| 27 | +> |
| 28 | +> - gPRC服务接口并不是使用反射来实现的,而是通过Proto工具生成的代码,将服务接口注册到gRPC内部的服务上,性能较高; |
| 29 | +> |
| 30 | +> - ServerImpl负责整个gRPC服务端消息的调度和处理,会初始化:Netty线程池、gRPC的线程池、内部服务注册等; |
| 31 | +
|
| 32 | +#### gRPC消息接入流程 |
| 33 | + |
| 34 | +<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ipipman/JavaSpringBootSamples/master/ReadmeMaterial/grpc/851608122185_.pic_hd.jpg" width = "620" height = "380" alt="图片名称" align=center /> |
| 35 | + |
| 36 | +> - gRPC消息由netty/http2协议负责接入,通过gRPC注册的Http2FrameLister将解码后的Http Header和Http Body后,发送到gRPC的NettyServerHandler,实现Netty Http/2的消息接入; |
| 37 | +
|
| 38 | + |
| 39 | +### 三.gRPC实战 |
| 40 | + |
| 41 | +##### 1.编写PB文件,proto语法参考:[https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/proto](https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/proto "https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/proto") |
| 42 | +```java |
| 43 | +syntax = "proto3"; |
| 44 | + |
| 45 | +option java_package = "com.ipman.rpc.grpc.springboot.lib"; |
| 46 | + |
| 47 | +// The greeter service definition. |
| 48 | +service Greeter { |
| 49 | + // Sends a greeting |
| 50 | + rpc SayHello ( HelloRequest) returns ( HelloReply) {} |
| 51 | + |
| 52 | +} |
| 53 | +// The request message containing the user's name. |
| 54 | +message HelloRequest { |
| 55 | + string name = 1; |
| 56 | +} |
| 57 | +// The response message containing the greetings |
| 58 | +message HelloReply { |
| 59 | + string message = 1; |
| 60 | +} |
| 61 | +``` |
| 62 | + |
| 63 | +##### 2.编写Server端,通过@GrpcService注解注册gRPC服务 |
| 64 | + |
| 65 | +```java |
| 66 | +@Slf4j |
| 67 | +@GrpcService(GreeterOuterClass.class) |
| 68 | +public class GreeterService extends GreeterGrpc.GreeterImplBase { |
| 69 | + |
| 70 | + /** |
| 71 | + * gRPC Server started, listening on address: 0.0.0.0, port: 8800 |
| 72 | + * |
| 73 | + * @param request |
| 74 | + * @param responseObserver |
| 75 | + */ |
| 76 | + @Override |
| 77 | + public void sayHello(GreeterOuterClass.HelloRequest request, StreamObserver<GreeterOuterClass.HelloReply> responseObserver) { |
| 78 | + String message = "Hello " + request.getName(); |
| 79 | + final GreeterOuterClass.HelloReply.Builder replyBuilder = GreeterOuterClass.HelloReply.newBuilder().setMessage(message); |
| 80 | + responseObserver.onNext(replyBuilder.build()); |
| 81 | + responseObserver.onCompleted(); |
| 82 | + log.info("Returning " + message); |
| 83 | + } |
| 84 | +} |
| 85 | +``` |
| 86 | + |
| 87 | +##### 3.编写Client端,通过@GrpcClient绑定gRPC服务端地址与端口等信息 |
| 88 | + |
| 89 | +```java |
| 90 | +@Service |
| 91 | +public class GrpcClientServiceImpl implements IGrpcClientService { |
| 92 | + |
| 93 | + @GrpcClient("local-grpc-server") |
| 94 | + private Channel serverChannel; |
| 95 | + |
| 96 | + /** |
| 97 | + * 通过本地存protocol buffer存根序列化后调用gRPC服务端 |
| 98 | + * |
| 99 | + * @param name |
| 100 | + * @return |
| 101 | + */ |
| 102 | + @Override |
| 103 | + public String sendMessage(String name) { |
| 104 | + GreeterGrpc.GreeterBlockingStub stub = GreeterGrpc.newBlockingStub(serverChannel); |
| 105 | + GreeterOuterClass.HelloReply response = stub.sayHello(GreeterOuterClass.HelloRequest.newBuilder().setName(name).build()); |
| 106 | + return response.getMessage(); |
| 107 | + } |
| 108 | +} |
| 109 | +``` |
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