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# Note: The first part of this file can be modified in place, but the latter
# part is autogenerated by the boilerplate.py script.
"""
`matplotlib.pyplot` is a state-based interface to matplotlib. It provides
a MATLAB-like way of plotting.
pyplot is mainly intended for interactive plots and simple cases of
programmatic plot generation::
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = np.arange(0, 5, 0.1)
y = np.sin(x)
plt.plot(x, y)
The object-oriented API is recommended for more complex plots.
"""
import functools
import importlib
import inspect
import logging
from numbers import Number
import re
import sys
import time
from cycler import cycler
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.colorbar
import matplotlib.image
from matplotlib import rcsetup, style
from matplotlib import _pylab_helpers, interactive
from matplotlib import cbook
from matplotlib.cbook import dedent, deprecated, silent_list, warn_deprecated
from matplotlib import docstring
from matplotlib.backend_bases import FigureCanvasBase
from matplotlib.figure import Figure, figaspect
from matplotlib.gridspec import GridSpec
from matplotlib import rcParams, rcParamsDefault, get_backend, rcParamsOrig
from matplotlib import rc_context
from matplotlib.rcsetup import interactive_bk as _interactive_bk
from matplotlib.artist import getp, get, Artist
from matplotlib.artist import setp as _setp
from matplotlib.axes import Axes, Subplot
from matplotlib.projections import PolarAxes
from matplotlib import mlab # for _csv2rec, detrend_none, window_hanning
from matplotlib.scale import get_scale_docs, get_scale_names
from matplotlib import cm
from matplotlib.cm import get_cmap, register_cmap
import numpy as np
# We may not need the following imports here:
from matplotlib.colors import Normalize
from matplotlib.lines import Line2D
from matplotlib.text import Text, Annotation
from matplotlib.patches import Polygon, Rectangle, Circle, Arrow
from matplotlib.widgets import SubplotTool, Button, Slider, Widget
from .ticker import TickHelper, Formatter, FixedFormatter, NullFormatter,\
FuncFormatter, FormatStrFormatter, ScalarFormatter,\
LogFormatter, LogFormatterExponent, LogFormatterMathtext,\
Locator, IndexLocator, FixedLocator, NullLocator,\
LinearLocator, LogLocator, AutoLocator, MultipleLocator,\
MaxNLocator
from matplotlib.backends import pylab_setup, _get_running_interactive_framework
_log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
## Global ##
_IP_REGISTERED = None
_INSTALL_FIG_OBSERVER = False
def install_repl_displayhook():
"""
Install a repl display hook so that any stale figure are automatically
redrawn when control is returned to the repl.
This works both with IPython and with vanilla python shells.
"""
global _IP_REGISTERED
global _INSTALL_FIG_OBSERVER
class _NotIPython(Exception):
pass
# see if we have IPython hooks around, if use them
try:
if 'IPython' in sys.modules:
from IPython import get_ipython
ip = get_ipython()
if ip is None:
raise _NotIPython()
if _IP_REGISTERED:
return
def post_execute():
if matplotlib.is_interactive():
draw_all()
# IPython >= 2
try:
ip.events.register('post_execute', post_execute)
except AttributeError:
# IPython 1.x
ip.register_post_execute(post_execute)
_IP_REGISTERED = post_execute
_INSTALL_FIG_OBSERVER = False
# trigger IPython's eventloop integration, if available
from IPython.core.pylabtools import backend2gui
ipython_gui_name = backend2gui.get(get_backend())
if ipython_gui_name:
ip.enable_gui(ipython_gui_name)
else:
_INSTALL_FIG_OBSERVER = True
# import failed or ipython is not running
except (ImportError, _NotIPython):
_INSTALL_FIG_OBSERVER = True
def uninstall_repl_displayhook():
"""
Uninstall the matplotlib display hook.
.. warning
Need IPython >= 2 for this to work. For IPython < 2 will raise a
``NotImplementedError``
.. warning
If you are using vanilla python and have installed another
display hook this will reset ``sys.displayhook`` to what ever
function was there when matplotlib installed it's displayhook,
possibly discarding your changes.
"""
global _IP_REGISTERED
global _INSTALL_FIG_OBSERVER
if _IP_REGISTERED:
from IPython import get_ipython
ip = get_ipython()
try:
ip.events.unregister('post_execute', _IP_REGISTERED)
except AttributeError:
raise NotImplementedError("Can not unregister events "
"in IPython < 2.0")
_IP_REGISTERED = None
if _INSTALL_FIG_OBSERVER:
_INSTALL_FIG_OBSERVER = False
draw_all = _pylab_helpers.Gcf.draw_all
@functools.wraps(matplotlib.set_loglevel)
def set_loglevel(*args, **kwargs): # Ensure this appears in the pyplot docs.
return matplotlib.set_loglevel(*args, **kwargs)
@docstring.copy(Artist.findobj)
def findobj(o=None, match=None, include_self=True):
if o is None:
o = gcf()
return o.findobj(match, include_self=include_self)
def switch_backend(newbackend):
"""
Close all open figures and set the Matplotlib backend.
The argument is case-insensitive. Switching to an interactive backend is
possible only if no event loop for another interactive backend has started.
Switching to and from non-interactive backends is always possible.
Parameters
----------
newbackend : str
The name of the backend to use.
"""
close("all")
if newbackend is rcsetup._auto_backend_sentinel:
# Don't try to fallback on the cairo-based backends as they each have
# an additional dependency (pycairo) over the agg-based backend, and
# are of worse quality.
for candidate in ["macosx", "qt5agg", "qt4agg", "gtk3agg", "tkagg",
"wxagg", "agg"]:
try:
switch_backend(candidate)
except ImportError:
continue
else:
rcParamsOrig['backend'] = candidate
return
backend_name = (
newbackend[9:] if newbackend.startswith("module://")
else "matplotlib.backends.backend_{}".format(newbackend.lower()))
backend_mod = importlib.import_module(backend_name)
Backend = type(
"Backend", (matplotlib.backends._Backend,), vars(backend_mod))
_log.debug("Loaded backend %s version %s.",
newbackend, Backend.backend_version)
required_framework = Backend.required_interactive_framework
if required_framework is not None:
current_framework = \
matplotlib.backends._get_running_interactive_framework()
if (current_framework and required_framework
and current_framework != required_framework):
raise ImportError(
"Cannot load backend {!r} which requires the {!r} interactive "
"framework, as {!r} is currently running".format(
newbackend, required_framework, current_framework))
rcParams['backend'] = rcParamsDefault['backend'] = newbackend
global _backend_mod, new_figure_manager, draw_if_interactive, _show
_backend_mod = backend_mod
new_figure_manager = Backend.new_figure_manager
draw_if_interactive = Backend.draw_if_interactive
_show = Backend.show
# Need to keep a global reference to the backend for compatibility reasons.
# See https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib/issues/6092
matplotlib.backends.backend = newbackend
def show(*args, **kw):
"""
Display a figure.
When running in ipython with its pylab mode, display all
figures and return to the ipython prompt.
In non-interactive mode, display all figures and block until
the figures have been closed; in interactive mode it has no
effect unless figures were created prior to a change from
non-interactive to interactive mode (not recommended). In
that case it displays the figures but does not block.
A single experimental keyword argument, *block*, may be
set to True or False to override the blocking behavior
described above.
"""
global _show
return _show(*args, **kw)
def isinteractive():
"""Return the status of interactive mode."""
return matplotlib.is_interactive()
def ioff():
"""Turn the interactive mode off."""
matplotlib.interactive(False)
uninstall_repl_displayhook()
def ion():
"""Turn the interactive mode on."""
matplotlib.interactive(True)
install_repl_displayhook()
def pause(interval):
"""
Pause for *interval* seconds.
If there is an active figure, it will be updated and displayed before the
pause, and the GUI event loop (if any) will run during the pause.
This can be used for crude animation. For more complex animation, see
:mod:`matplotlib.animation`.
Notes
-----
This function is experimental; its behavior may be changed or extended in a
future release.
"""
manager = _pylab_helpers.Gcf.get_active()
if manager is not None:
canvas = manager.canvas
if canvas.figure.stale:
canvas.draw_idle()
show(block=False)
canvas.start_event_loop(interval)
else:
time.sleep(interval)
@docstring.copy(matplotlib.rc)
def rc(group, **kwargs):
matplotlib.rc(group, **kwargs)
@docstring.copy(matplotlib.rc_context)
def rc_context(rc=None, fname=None):
return matplotlib.rc_context(rc, fname)
@docstring.copy(matplotlib.rcdefaults)
def rcdefaults():
matplotlib.rcdefaults()
if matplotlib.is_interactive():
draw_all()
## Current image ##
def gci():
"""
Get the current colorable artist. Specifically, returns the
current :class:`~matplotlib.cm.ScalarMappable` instance (image or
patch collection), or *None* if no images or patch collections
have been defined. The commands :func:`~matplotlib.pyplot.imshow`
and :func:`~matplotlib.pyplot.figimage` create
:class:`~matplotlib.image.Image` instances, and the commands
:func:`~matplotlib.pyplot.pcolor` and
:func:`~matplotlib.pyplot.scatter` create
:class:`~matplotlib.collections.Collection` instances. The
current image is an attribute of the current axes, or the nearest
earlier axes in the current figure that contains an image.
"""
return gcf()._gci()
## Any Artist ##
# (getp is simply imported)
@docstring.copy(_setp)
def setp(obj, *args, **kwargs):
return _setp(obj, *args, **kwargs)
def xkcd(scale=1, length=100, randomness=2):
"""
Turn on `xkcd <https://xkcd.com/>`_ sketch-style drawing mode.
This will only have effect on things drawn after this function is
called.
For best results, the "Humor Sans" font should be installed: it is
not included with matplotlib.
Parameters
----------
scale : float, optional
The amplitude of the wiggle perpendicular to the source line.
length : float, optional
The length of the wiggle along the line.
randomness : float, optional
The scale factor by which the length is shrunken or expanded.
Notes
-----
This function works by a number of rcParams, so it will probably
override others you have set before.
If you want the effects of this function to be temporary, it can
be used as a context manager, for example::
with plt.xkcd():
# This figure will be in XKCD-style
fig1 = plt.figure()
# ...
# This figure will be in regular style
fig2 = plt.figure()
"""
if rcParams['text.usetex']:
raise RuntimeError(
"xkcd mode is not compatible with text.usetex = True")
from matplotlib import patheffects
return rc_context({
'font.family': ['xkcd', 'Humor Sans', 'Comic Sans MS'],
'font.size': 14.0,
'path.sketch': (scale, length, randomness),
'path.effects': [patheffects.withStroke(linewidth=4, foreground="w")],
'axes.linewidth': 1.5,
'lines.linewidth': 2.0,
'figure.facecolor': 'white',
'grid.linewidth': 0.0,
'axes.grid': False,
'axes.unicode_minus': False,
'axes.edgecolor': 'black',
'xtick.major.size': 8,
'xtick.major.width': 3,
'ytick.major.size': 8,
'ytick.major.width': 3,
})
## Figures ##
def figure(num=None, # autoincrement if None, else integer from 1-N
figsize=None, # defaults to rc figure.figsize
dpi=None, # defaults to rc figure.dpi
facecolor=None, # defaults to rc figure.facecolor
edgecolor=None, # defaults to rc figure.edgecolor
frameon=True,
FigureClass=Figure,
clear=False,
**kwargs
):
"""
Create a new figure.
Parameters
----------
num : integer or string, optional, default: None
If not provided, a new figure will be created, and the figure number
will be incremented. The figure objects holds this number in a `number`
attribute.
If num is provided, and a figure with this id already exists, make
it active, and returns a reference to it. If this figure does not
exists, create it and returns it.
If num is a string, the window title will be set to this figure's
`num`.
figsize : (float, float), optional, default: None
width, height in inches. If not provided, defaults to
:rc:`figure.figsize` = ``[6.4, 4.8]``.
dpi : integer, optional, default: None
resolution of the figure. If not provided, defaults to
:rc:`figure.dpi` = ``100``.
facecolor : color spec
the background color. If not provided, defaults to
:rc:`figure.facecolor` = ``'w'``.
edgecolor : color spec
the border color. If not provided, defaults to
:rc:`figure.edgecolor` = ``'w'``.
frameon : bool, optional, default: True
If False, suppress drawing the figure frame.
FigureClass : subclass of `~matplotlib.figure.Figure`
Optionally use a custom `.Figure` instance.
clear : bool, optional, default: False
If True and the figure already exists, then it is cleared.
Returns
-------
figure : `~matplotlib.figure.Figure`
The `.Figure` instance returned will also be passed to
new_figure_manager in the backends, which allows to hook custom
`.Figure` classes into the pyplot interface. Additional kwargs will be
passed to the `.Figure` init function.
Notes
-----
If you are creating many figures, make sure you explicitly call
:func:`.pyplot.close` on the figures you are not using, because this will
enable pyplot to properly clean up the memory.
`~matplotlib.rcParams` defines the default values, which can be modified
in the matplotlibrc file.
"""
if figsize is None:
figsize = rcParams['figure.figsize']
if dpi is None:
dpi = rcParams['figure.dpi']
if facecolor is None:
facecolor = rcParams['figure.facecolor']
if edgecolor is None:
edgecolor = rcParams['figure.edgecolor']
allnums = get_fignums()
next_num = max(allnums) + 1 if allnums else 1
figLabel = ''
if num is None:
num = next_num
elif isinstance(num, str):
figLabel = num
allLabels = get_figlabels()
if figLabel not in allLabels:
if figLabel == 'all':
cbook._warn_external(
"close('all') closes all existing figures")
num = next_num
else:
inum = allLabels.index(figLabel)
num = allnums[inum]
else:
num = int(num) # crude validation of num argument
figManager = _pylab_helpers.Gcf.get_fig_manager(num)
if figManager is None:
max_open_warning = rcParams['figure.max_open_warning']
if len(allnums) >= max_open_warning >= 1:
cbook._warn_external(
"More than %d figures have been opened. Figures "
"created through the pyplot interface "
"(`matplotlib.pyplot.figure`) are retained until "
"explicitly closed and may consume too much memory. "
"(To control this warning, see the rcParam "
"`figure.max_open_warning`)." %
max_open_warning, RuntimeWarning)
if get_backend().lower() == 'ps':
dpi = 72
figManager = new_figure_manager(num, figsize=figsize,
dpi=dpi,
facecolor=facecolor,
edgecolor=edgecolor,
frameon=frameon,
FigureClass=FigureClass,
**kwargs)
if figLabel:
figManager.set_window_title(figLabel)
figManager.canvas.figure.set_label(figLabel)
# make this figure current on button press event
def make_active(event):
_pylab_helpers.Gcf.set_active(figManager)
cid = figManager.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', make_active)
figManager._cidgcf = cid
_pylab_helpers.Gcf.set_active(figManager)
fig = figManager.canvas.figure
fig.number = num
# make sure backends (inline) that we don't ship that expect this
# to be called in plotting commands to make the figure call show
# still work. There is probably a better way to do this in the
# FigureManager base class.
if matplotlib.is_interactive():
draw_if_interactive()
if _INSTALL_FIG_OBSERVER:
fig.stale_callback = _auto_draw_if_interactive
if clear:
figManager.canvas.figure.clear()
return figManager.canvas.figure
def _auto_draw_if_interactive(fig, val):
"""
This is an internal helper function for making sure that auto-redrawing
works as intended in the plain python repl.
Parameters
----------
fig : Figure
A figure object which is assumed to be associated with a canvas
"""
if val and matplotlib.is_interactive() and not fig.canvas.is_saving():
fig.canvas.draw_idle()
def gcf():
"""Get a reference to the current figure."""
figManager = _pylab_helpers.Gcf.get_active()
if figManager is not None:
return figManager.canvas.figure
else:
return figure()
def fignum_exists(num):
"""Return whether the figure with the given id exists."""
return _pylab_helpers.Gcf.has_fignum(num) or num in get_figlabels()
def get_fignums():
"""Return a list of existing figure numbers."""
return sorted(_pylab_helpers.Gcf.figs)
def get_figlabels():
"""Return a list of existing figure labels."""
figManagers = _pylab_helpers.Gcf.get_all_fig_managers()
figManagers.sort(key=lambda m: m.num)
return [m.canvas.figure.get_label() for m in figManagers]
def get_current_fig_manager():
"""
Return the figure manager of the active figure.
If there is currently no active figure, a new one is created.
"""
figManager = _pylab_helpers.Gcf.get_active()
if figManager is None:
gcf() # creates an active figure as a side effect
figManager = _pylab_helpers.Gcf.get_active()
return figManager
@docstring.copy(FigureCanvasBase.mpl_connect)
def connect(s, func):
return get_current_fig_manager().canvas.mpl_connect(s, func)
@docstring.copy(FigureCanvasBase.mpl_disconnect)
def disconnect(cid):
return get_current_fig_manager().canvas.mpl_disconnect(cid)
def close(fig=None):
"""
Close a figure window.
Parameters
----------
fig : None or int or str or `.Figure`
The figure to close. There are a number of ways to specify this:
- *None*: the current figure
- `.Figure`: the given `.Figure` instance
- ``int``: a figure number
- ``str``: a figure name
- 'all': all figures
"""
if fig is None:
figManager = _pylab_helpers.Gcf.get_active()
if figManager is None:
return
else:
_pylab_helpers.Gcf.destroy(figManager.num)
elif fig == 'all':
_pylab_helpers.Gcf.destroy_all()
elif isinstance(fig, int):
_pylab_helpers.Gcf.destroy(fig)
elif hasattr(fig, 'int'):
# if we are dealing with a type UUID, we
# can use its integer representation
_pylab_helpers.Gcf.destroy(fig.int)
elif isinstance(fig, str):
allLabels = get_figlabels()
if fig in allLabels:
num = get_fignums()[allLabels.index(fig)]
_pylab_helpers.Gcf.destroy(num)
elif isinstance(fig, Figure):
_pylab_helpers.Gcf.destroy_fig(fig)
else:
raise TypeError("close() argument must be a Figure, an int, a string, "
"or None, not '%s'")
def clf():
"""Clear the current figure."""
gcf().clf()
def draw():
"""Redraw the current figure.
This is used to update a figure that has been altered, but not
automatically re-drawn. If interactive mode is on (:func:`.ion()`), this
should be only rarely needed, but there may be ways to modify the state of
a figure without marking it as `stale`. Please report these cases as
bugs.
A more object-oriented alternative, given any
:class:`~matplotlib.figure.Figure` instance, :attr:`fig`, that
was created using a :mod:`~matplotlib.pyplot` function, is::
fig.canvas.draw_idle()
"""
get_current_fig_manager().canvas.draw_idle()
@docstring.copy(Figure.savefig)
def savefig(*args, **kwargs):
fig = gcf()
res = fig.savefig(*args, **kwargs)
fig.canvas.draw_idle() # need this if 'transparent=True' to reset colors
return res
## Putting things in figures ##
def figlegend(*args, **kwargs):
return gcf().legend(*args, **kwargs)
if Figure.legend.__doc__:
figlegend.__doc__ = Figure.legend.__doc__.replace("legend(", "figlegend(")
## Axes ##
@docstring.dedent_interpd
def axes(arg=None, **kwargs):
"""
Add an axes to the current figure and make it the current axes.
Call signatures::
plt.axes()
plt.axes(rect, projection=None, polar=False, **kwargs)
plt.axes(ax)
Parameters
----------
arg : { None, 4-tuple, Axes }
The exact behavior of this function depends on the type:
- *None*: A new full window axes is added using
``subplot(111, **kwargs)``
- 4-tuple of floats *rect* = ``[left, bottom, width, height]``.
A new axes is added with dimensions *rect* in normalized
(0, 1) units using `~.Figure.add_axes` on the current figure.
- `~.axes.Axes`: This is equivalent to `.pyplot.sca`.
It sets the current axes to *arg*. Note: This implicitly
changes the current figure to the parent of *arg*.
.. note:: The use of an `.axes.Axes` as an argument is deprecated
and will be removed in v3.0. Please use `.pyplot.sca`
instead.
projection : {None, 'aitoff', 'hammer', 'lambert', 'mollweide', \
'polar', 'rectilinear', str}, optional
The projection type of the `~.axes.Axes`. *str* is the name of
a costum projection, see `~matplotlib.projections`. The default
None results in a 'rectilinear' projection.
polar : boolean, optional
If True, equivalent to projection='polar'.
sharex, sharey : `~.axes.Axes`, optional
Share the x or y `~matplotlib.axis` with sharex and/or sharey.
The axis will have the same limits, ticks, and scale as the axis
of the shared axes.
label : str
A label for the returned axes.
Other Parameters
----------------
**kwargs
This method also takes the keyword arguments for
the returned axes class. The keyword arguments for the
rectilinear axes class `~.axes.Axes` can be found in
the following table but there might also be other keyword
arguments if another projection is used, see the actual axes
class.
%(Axes)s
Returns
-------
axes : `~.axes.Axes` (or a subclass of `~.axes.Axes`)
The returned axes class depends on the projection used. It is
`~.axes.Axes` if rectilinear projection are used and
`.projections.polar.PolarAxes` if polar projection
are used.
Notes
-----
If the figure already has a axes with key (*args*,
*kwargs*) then it will simply make that axes current and
return it. This behavior is deprecated. Meanwhile, if you do
not want this behavior (i.e., you want to force the creation of a
new axes), you must use a unique set of args and kwargs. The axes
*label* attribute has been exposed for this purpose: if you want
two axes that are otherwise identical to be added to the figure,
make sure you give them unique labels.
See Also
--------
.Figure.add_axes
.pyplot.subplot
.Figure.add_subplot
.Figure.subplots
.pyplot.subplots
Examples
--------
::
# Creating a new full window axes
plt.axes()
# Creating a new axes with specified dimensions and some kwargs
plt.axes((left, bottom, width, height), facecolor='w')
"""
if arg is None:
return subplot(111, **kwargs)
else:
return gcf().add_axes(arg, **kwargs)
def delaxes(ax=None):
"""
Remove the `Axes` *ax* (defaulting to the current axes) from its figure.
A KeyError is raised if the axes doesn't exist.
"""
if ax is None:
ax = gca()
ax.figure.delaxes(ax)
def sca(ax):
"""
Set the current Axes instance to *ax*.
The current Figure is updated to the parent of *ax*.
"""
managers = _pylab_helpers.Gcf.get_all_fig_managers()
for m in managers:
if ax in m.canvas.figure.axes:
_pylab_helpers.Gcf.set_active(m)
m.canvas.figure.sca(ax)
return
raise ValueError("Axes instance argument was not found in a figure")
def gca(**kwargs):
"""
Get the current :class:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes` instance on the
current figure matching the given keyword args, or create one.
Examples
--------
To get the current polar axes on the current figure::
plt.gca(projection='polar')
If the current axes doesn't exist, or isn't a polar one, the appropriate
axes will be created and then returned.
See Also
--------
matplotlib.figure.Figure.gca : The figure's gca method.
"""
return gcf().gca(**kwargs)
## More ways of creating axes ##
@docstring.dedent_interpd
def subplot(*args, **kwargs):
"""
Add a subplot to the current figure.
Wrapper of `.Figure.add_subplot` with a difference in behavior
explained in the notes section.
Call signatures::
subplot(nrows, ncols, index, **kwargs)
subplot(pos, **kwargs)
subplot(ax)
Parameters
----------
*args
Either a 3-digit integer or three separate integers
describing the position of the subplot. If the three
integers are *nrows*, *ncols*, and *index* in order, the
subplot will take the *index* position on a grid with *nrows*
rows and *ncols* columns. *index* starts at 1 in the upper left
corner and increases to the right.
*pos* is a three digit integer, where the first digit is the
number of rows, the second the number of columns, and the third
the index of the subplot. i.e. fig.add_subplot(235) is the same as
fig.add_subplot(2, 3, 5). Note that all integers must be less than
10 for this form to work.
projection : {None, 'aitoff', 'hammer', 'lambert', 'mollweide', \
'polar', 'rectilinear', str}, optional
The projection type of the subplot (`~.axes.Axes`). *str* is the name
of a costum projection, see `~matplotlib.projections`. The default
None results in a 'rectilinear' projection.
polar : boolean, optional
If True, equivalent to projection='polar'.
sharex, sharey : `~.axes.Axes`, optional
Share the x or y `~matplotlib.axis` with sharex and/or sharey. The
axis will have the same limits, ticks, and scale as the axis of the
shared axes.
label : str
A label for the returned axes.
Other Parameters
----------------
**kwargs
This method also takes the keyword arguments for
the returned axes base class. The keyword arguments for the
rectilinear base class `~.axes.Axes` can be found in
the following table but there might also be other keyword
arguments if another projection is used.
%(Axes)s
Returns
-------
axes : an `.axes.SubplotBase` subclass of `~.axes.Axes` (or a subclass \
of `~.axes.Axes`)
The axes of the subplot. The returned axes base class depends on
the projection used. It is `~.axes.Axes` if rectilinear projection
are used and `.projections.polar.PolarAxes` if polar projection
are used. The returned axes is then a subplot subclass of the
base class.
Notes
-----
Creating a subplot will delete any pre-existing subplot that overlaps
with it beyond sharing a boundary::
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# plot a line, implicitly creating a subplot(111)
plt.plot([1,2,3])
# now create a subplot which represents the top plot of a grid
# with 2 rows and 1 column. Since this subplot will overlap the
# first, the plot (and its axes) previously created, will be removed
plt.subplot(211)
If you do not want this behavior, use the `.Figure.add_subplot` method
or the `.pyplot.axes` function instead.
If the figure already has a subplot with key (*args*,
*kwargs*) then it will simply make that subplot current and
return it. This behavior is deprecated. Meanwhile, if you do
not want this behavior (i.e., you want to force the creation of a
new subplot), you must use a unique set of args and kwargs. The axes
*label* attribute has been exposed for this purpose: if you want
two subplots that are otherwise identical to be added to the figure,
make sure you give them unique labels.
In rare circumstances, `.add_subplot` may be called with a single
argument, a subplot axes instance already created in the
present figure but not in the figure's list of axes.
See Also
--------
.Figure.add_subplot
.pyplot.subplots
.pyplot.axes
.Figure.subplots
Examples
--------
::
plt.subplot(221)
# equivalent but more general
ax1=plt.subplot(2, 2, 1)
# add a subplot with no frame
ax2=plt.subplot(222, frameon=False)
# add a polar subplot
plt.subplot(223, projection='polar')
# add a red subplot that shares the x-axis with ax1
plt.subplot(224, sharex=ax1, facecolor='red')
# delete ax2 from the figure
plt.delaxes(ax2)
# add ax2 to the figure again
plt.subplot(ax2)
"""
# if subplot called without arguments, create subplot(1,1,1)
if len(args) == 0:
args = (1, 1, 1)
# This check was added because it is very easy to type
# subplot(1, 2, False) when subplots(1, 2, False) was intended
# (sharex=False, that is). In most cases, no error will