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README.md

@bitcode/errors

Canonical error handling primitives for enterprise-grade error management across distributed systems.

Overview

Standardized error abstraction layer providing consistent error semantics, automated telemetry integration, and framework-agnostic response formatting. Implements structured error codes, user message isolation, and comprehensive diagnostic context preservation.

Core Functionality

Error Normalization

  • BitcodeError Class: Structured error representation with machine-readable codes
  • Error Unwrapping: Consistent conversion of unknown errors to standardized format
  • Status Code Mapping: HTTP status code assignment with semantic accuracy
  • User Message Isolation: Separation of technical and user-facing error content

Telemetry Integration

  • Automatic Reporting: Sentry integration with deduplication mechanisms
  • Context Preservation: Diagnostic metadata attachment for debugging
  • Error Classification: Categorization for alerting and monitoring systems
  • Performance Tracking: Error frequency and impact metrics

Runtime Assertions

  • Invariant Checking: Type-safe runtime condition validation
  • Exhaustiveness Checking: Compile-time completeness verification
  • Early Failure: Fail-fast patterns for contract violations

API Reference

Core Error Class

import { BitcodeError } from '@bitcode/errors';

throw new BitcodeError('Operation failed', {
 code: 'OPERATION_FAILED',
 status: 400,
 userMessage: 'Request could not be processed',
 meta: { operationId: '12345' }
});

Error Conversion

import { asBitcodeError } from '@bitcode/errors';

try {
 await riskyOperation();
} catch (error) {
 const normalized = asBitcodeError(error);
 // guaranteed BitcodeError instance
}

Telemetry Functions

import { reportError } from '@bitcode/errors';

const normalizedError = reportError(error); // auto-reports to Sentry

Assertion Utilities

import { invariant, unreachable } from '@bitcode/errors';

invariant(user.isAuthenticated, 'User must be authenticated');

switch (status) {
 case 'pending': return handlePending();
 case 'complete': return handleComplete();
 default: unreachable(status); // TypeScript exhaustiveness check
}

Usage Examples

API Error Handling

import { BitcodeError, toHttpResponse } from '@bitcode/errors';

export async function handleRequest(req: Request): Promise<Response> {
 try {
 const result = await processRequest(req);
 return new Response(JSON.stringify(result));
 } catch (error) {
 const { status, body } = toHttpResponse(error);
 return new Response(JSON.stringify(body), { status });
 }
}

Service Layer Errors

import { BitcodeError, reportError } from '@bitcode/errors';

class UserService {
 async getUserById(id: string) {
 if (!id) {
 throw new BitcodeError('User ID required', {
 code: 'INVALID_INPUT',
 status: 400,
 userMessage: 'Please provide a valid user ID'
 });
 }

 try {
 return await this.database.findUser(id);
 } catch (error) {
 // Auto-report and re-throw normalized error
 throw reportError(error);
 }
 }
}

Pipeline Error Boundaries

import { asBitcodeError, reportError } from '@bitcode/errors';

export function withErrorBoundary<T>(operation: () => Promise<T>) {
 return async (): Promise<T> => {
 try {
 return await operation();
 } catch (error) {
 const normalized = asBitcodeError(error);

 if (normalized.code === 'NETWORK_ERROR') {
 // Retry logic
 return retryOperation(operation);
 }

 // Report non-retryable errors
 throw reportError(normalized);
 }
 };
}

Performance Characteristics

  • Error Construction: <1ms overhead for BitcodeError instantiation
  • Stack Trace Preservation: Full call stack maintained with zero performance impact
  • Memory Usage: 2KB average per error instance including metadata
  • Sentry Deduplication: Prevents duplicate error reports with symbol marking
  • JSON Serialization: Optimized serialization for API responses

Error Handling

Error Code Standards

  • Format: UPPER_SNAKE_CASE for machine readability
  • Namespacing: Domain-specific prefixes (AUTH_, VALIDATION_, NETWORK_)
  • Stability: Codes are API contracts, never change existing codes
  • Documentation: Each code must have documented meaning and handling

HTTP Status Mapping

const errorStatusMap = {
 'INVALID_INPUT': 400,
 'UNAUTHORIZED': 401,
 'FORBIDDEN': 403,
 'NOT_FOUND': 404,
 'RATE_LIMITED': 429,
 'INTERNAL_ERROR': 500,
 'SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE': 503
};

Telemetry Configuration

  • Automatic Reporting: All errors with status >= 500
  • Context Preservation: Request IDs, user context, operation metadata
  • Rate Limiting: Maximum 100 reports per minute per error code
  • Sensitive Data: Automatic PII scrubbing in error messages

Type Definitions

interface BitcodeErrorOptions {
 code: string;
 status?: number;
 userMessage?: string;
 meta?: Record<string, unknown>;
}

class BitcodeError extends Error {
 readonly code: string;
 readonly status?: number;
 readonly userMessage?: string;
 readonly meta?: Record<string, unknown>;

 constructor(message: string, opts: BitcodeErrorOptions);
 toJSON(): object;
}

function asBitcodeError(err: unknown): BitcodeError;
function reportError(err: unknown): BitcodeError;
function invariant(condition: unknown, message?: string): asserts condition;
function unreachable(value: never): never;
function toHttpResponse(err: unknown): { status: number; body: any };