docs: add executable worked example for BinaryHeap (Issue #27) - #65

Description
Added executable JSDoc worked example documentation and matching test suite for BinaryHeap in Data-Structures/Heap/BinaryHeap.js, detailing intermediate state transitions (bubble-up and sink-down heapify operations).

Related Issue
Fixes: #27

Type of Change

• Bug Fix
• New Feature
• UI/UX Improvement
• Performance Improvement
• Tests
• Documentation
• Refactoring / Maintenance
• CI/CD

Changes Made

• Added JSDoc worked example to Data-Structures/Heap/BinaryHeap.js near line 10 detailing key state transitions for insertion and deletion with minHeapComparator.
• Added tests in Data-Structures/Heap/test/BinaryHeap.test.js executing the documented worked example step-by-step and asserting intermediate peek, empty, and extractTop outputs.
• Tested smallest valid input (single element insertion) and ordinary input (multi-element insertion and extraction).
• Created work/R50-T027/check.py to non-interactively run test checks and capture output logs and versions.

Screenshots / Recordings
N/A

Testing

• Executed python3 work/R50-T027/check.py locally.
• Verified test suite passes for Data-Structures/Heap/test/BinaryHeap.test.js.

Checklist

• I have tested my changes locally.
• I have added or updated tests, if needed.
• I have updated documentation, if needed.
• I have followed the project's coding guidelines.
• I have run the relevant tests and checks.
• I have addressed previous review feedback, if applicable.

Additional Notes
N/A