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‎docs/c-runtime-library/crt-library-features.md‎

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---
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title: "CRT Library Features"
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description: "This various .lib files that comprise the Microsoft C run-time libraries as well as their associated compiler options and preprocessor directives."
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ms.date: "08/20/2018"
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helpviewer_keywords: ["MSVCR71.dll", "libraries [C++], multithreaded", "library files, run-time", "LIBCMT.lib", "LIBCP.lib", "LIBCPMT.lib", "run-time libraries, C", "CRT, release versions", "MSVCP71.dll", "LIBC.lib", "libraries [C++]", "libraries [C++], run-time", "linking [C++], libraries"]
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ms.assetid: a889fd39-807d-48f2-807f-81492612463f
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To build a debug version of your application, the [_DEBUG](../c-runtime-library/debug.md) flag must be defined and the application must be linked with a debug version of one of these libraries. For more information about using the debug versions of the library files, see [CRT Debugging Techniques](/visualstudio/debugger/crt-debugging-techniques).
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This version of the CRT is not fully conformant with the C99 standard. In particular, the \<tgmath.h> header and the CX_LIMITED_RANGE/FP_CONTRACT pragma macros are not supported. Certain elements such as the meaning of parameter specifiers in standard IO functions use legacy interpretations by default. You can use /Zc compiler conformance options and specify linker options to control some aspects of library conformance,
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This version of the CRT is not fully conformant with the C99 standard. In particular, the \<tgmath.h> header and the CX_LIMITED_RANGE/FP_CONTRACT pragma macros are not supported. Certain elements such as the meaning of parameter specifiers in standard IO functions use legacy interpretations by default. You can use /Zc compiler conformance options and specify linker options to control some aspects of library conformance.
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## C++ Standard Library
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‎docs/c-runtime-library/reference/abs-labs-llabs-abs64.md‎

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## Remarks
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Because C++ allows overloading, you can call overloads of **abs** that take and return **`long`**, **`long long`**, **`float`**, **`double`**, and **`long double`** values. These overloads are defined in the \<cmath> header. In a C program, **abs** always takes and returns an **`int`**.
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Because C++ allows overloading, you can call overloads of **abs** that take and return **`long`**, **`long long`**, **`float`**, **`double`**, and **`long double`** values. These overloads are defined in the \<cmath> header. In a C program, unless you are using the \<tgmath.h> macro to call this function, **abs** always takes and returns an **`int`**.
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**Microsoft-specific**: Because the range of negative integers that can be represented by using any integral type is larger than the range of positive integers that can be represented by using that type, it's possible to supply an argument to these functions that can’t be converted. If the absolute value of the argument cannot be represented by the return type, the **abs** functions return the argument value unchanged. Specifically, `abs(INT_MIN)` returns `INT_MIN`, `labs(LONG_MIN)` returns `LONG_MIN`, `llabs(LLONG_MIN)` returns `LLONG_MIN`, and `_abs64(_I64_MIN)` returns `_I64_MIN`. This means that the **abs** functions cannot be used to guarantee a positive value.
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‎docs/c-runtime-library/reference/acos-acosf-acosl.md‎

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float acosf( float x );
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long double acosl( long double x );
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#define acos(X) // Requires C11 or higher
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```
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```cpp
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float acos( float x ); // C++ only
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long double acos( long double x ); // C++ only
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```
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## Remarks
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Because C++ allows overloading, you can call overloads of **acos** that take and return **`float`** and **`long double`** types. In a C program, **acos** always takes and returns a **`double`**.
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Because C++ allows overloading, you can call overloads of **acos** that take and return **`float`** and **`long double`** types. In a C program, unless you are using the \<tgmath.h> macro to call this function, **acos** always takes and returns a **`double`**.
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If you use the \<tgmath.h> `acos()` macro, the type of the argument determines which version of the function is selected.See [Type-generic math](../../c-runtime-library/tgmath.md) for details.
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If you use the \<tgmath.h> `acos()` macro, the type of the argument determines which version of the function is selected. See [Type-generic math](../../c-runtime-library/tgmath.md) for details.
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By default, this function's global state is scoped to the application. To change this, see [Global state in the CRT](../global-state.md).
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‎docs/c-runtime-library/reference/acosh-acoshf-acoshl.md‎

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float acoshf( float x );
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long double acoshl( long double x );
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#define acosh(X) // Requires C11 or higher
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```
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```cpp
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float acosh( float x ); // C++ only
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long double acosh( long double x ); // C++ only
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```
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### Parameters
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*x*<br/>
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*x*\
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Floating-point value.
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## Return Value
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## Remarks
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When you use C++, you can call overloads of **acosh** that take and return **`float`** or **`long double`** values. In a C program, **acosh** always takes and returns **`double`**.
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When you use C++, you can call overloads of **acosh** that take and return **`float`** or **`long double`** values. In a C program, unless you are using the \<tgmath.h> macro to call this function, **acosh** always takes and returns **`double`**.
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If you use the \<tgmath.h> `acosh()` macro, the type of the argument determines which version of the function is selected.See [Type-generic math](../../c-runtime-library/tgmath.md) for details.
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If you use the \<tgmath.h> `acosh()` macro, the type of the argument determines which version of the function is selected. See [Type-generic math](../../c-runtime-library/tgmath.md) for details.
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By default, this function's global state is scoped to the application. To change this, see [Global state in the CRT](../global-state.md).
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‎docs/c-runtime-library/reference/asin-asinf-asinl.md‎

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float asinf ( float x );
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long double asinl( long double x );
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#define asin(X) // Requires C11 or higher
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```
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```cpp
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float asin( float x ); // C++ only
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long double asin( long double x ); // C++ only
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```
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### Parameters
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*x*<br/>
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*x*\
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Value whose arcsine is to be calculated.
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## Return Value
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## Remarks
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Because C++ allows overloading, you can call overloads of **asin** with **`float`** and **`long double`** values. In a C program, **asin** always takes and returns a **`double`**.
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Because C++ allows overloading, you can call overloads of **asin** with **`float`** and **`long double`** values. In a C program, unless you are using the \<tgmath.h> macro to call this function, **asin** always takes and returns a **`double`**.
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If you use the \<tgmath.h> `asin()` macro, the type of the argument determines which version of the function is selected.See [Type-generic math](../../c-runtime-library/tgmath.md) for details.
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If you use the \<tgmath.h> `asin()` macro, the type of the argument determines which version of the function is selected. See [Type-generic math](../../c-runtime-library/tgmath.md) for details.
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By default, this function's global state is scoped to the application. To change this, see [Global state in the CRT](../global-state.md).
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‎docs/c-runtime-library/reference/asinh-asinhf-asinhl.md‎

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float asinhf( float x );
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long double asinhl( long double x );
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#define asinh(X) // Requires C11 or higher
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```
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```cpp
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long double asinh( long double x ); // C++ only
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```
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## Remarks
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When you use C++, you can call overloads of **asinh** that take and return **`float`** or **`long double`** values. In a C program, **asinh** always takes and returns **`double`**.
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When you use C++, you can call overloads of **asinh** that take and return **`float`** or **`long double`** values. In a C program, unless you are using the \<tgmath.h> macro to call this function, **asinh** always takes and returns **`double`**.
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If you use the \<tgmath.h> `asinh()` macro, the type of the argument determines which version of the function is selected.See [Type-generic math](../../c-runtime-library/tgmath.md) for details.
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If you use the \<tgmath.h> `asinh()` macro, the type of the argument determines which version of the function is selected. See [Type-generic math](../../c-runtime-library/tgmath.md) for details.
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By default, this function's global state is scoped to the application. To change this, see [Global state in the CRT](../global-state.md).

‎docs/c-runtime-library/reference/atan-atanf-atanl-atan2-atan2f-atan2l.md‎

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long double atanl( long double x );
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#define atan(X) // Requires C11 or higher
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float atan( float x ); // C++ only
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long double atan( long double x ); // C++ only
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The **atan** function calculates the arctangent (the inverse tangent function) of *x*. **atan2** calculates the arctangent of *y*/*x* (if *x* equals 0, **atan2** returns π/2 if *y* is positive, -π/2 if *y* is negative, or 0 if *y* is 0.)
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If you use the \<tgmath.h> `atan()` or `atan2()` macro, the type of the argument determines which version of the function is selected.See [Type-generic math](../../c-runtime-library/tgmath.md) for details.
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If you use the \<tgmath.h> `atan()` or `atan2()` macro, the type of the argument determines which version of the function is selected. See [Type-generic math](../../c-runtime-library/tgmath.md) for details.
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**atan** has an implementation that uses Streaming SIMD Extensions 2 (SSE2). For information and restrictions about using the SSE2 implementation, see [_set_SSE2_enable](set-sse2-enable.md).
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Because C++ allows overloading, you can call overloads of **atan** and **atan2** that take **`float`** or **`long double`** arguments. In a C program, **atan** and **atan2** always take **`double`** arguments and return a **`double`**.
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Because C++ allows overloading, you can call overloads of **atan** and **atan2** that take **`float`** or **`long double`** arguments. In a C program, unless you are using the \<tgmath.h> macro to call this function, **atan** and **atan2** always take **`double`** arguments and return a **`double`**.
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By default, this function's global state is scoped to the application. To change this, see [Global state in the CRT](../global-state.md).
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‎docs/c-runtime-library/reference/atanh-atanhf-atanhl.md‎

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### Parameters
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## Return Value
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## Remarks
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Because C++ allows overloading, you can call overloads of **atanh** that take and return **`float`** or **`long double`** values. In a C program, unless you are using the \<tgmath.h> macro to call this function, **atanh** always takes and returns **`double`**.
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If you use the \<tgmath.h> `atanh()` macro, the type of the argument determines which version of the function is selected.See [Type-generic math](../../c-runtime-library/tgmath.md) for details.
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If you use the \<tgmath.h> `atanh()` macro, the type of the argument determines which version of the function is selected. See [Type-generic math](../../c-runtime-library/tgmath.md) for details.
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By default, this function's global state is scoped to the application. To change this, see [Global state in the CRT](../global-state.md).
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‎docs/c-runtime-library/reference/carg-cargf-cargl.md‎

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## Remarks
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Because C++ allows overloading, you can call overloads of **carg** that take **_Fcomplex** or **_Lcomplex** values, and return **`float`** or **`long double`** values. In a C program, **carg** always takes a **_Dcomplex** value and returns a **`double`** value.
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Because C++ allows overloading, you can call overloads of **carg** that take **_Fcomplex** or **_Lcomplex** values, and return **`float`** or **`long double`** values. In a C program, unless you are using the \<tgmath.h> macro to call this function, **carg** always takes a **_Dcomplex** value and returns a **`double`** value.
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If you use the \<tgmath.h> `carg()` macro, the type of the argument determines which version of the function is selected.See [Type-generic math](../../c-runtime-library/tgmath.md) for details.
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If you use the \<tgmath.h> `carg()` macro, the type of the argument determines which version of the function is selected. See [Type-generic math](../../c-runtime-library/tgmath.md) for details.
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## Requirements
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‎docs/c-runtime-library/reference/cbrt-cbrtf-cbrtl.md‎

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## Remarks
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Because C++ allows overloading, you can call overloads of **cbrt** that take **`float`** or **`long double`** types. In a C program, unless you are using the \<tgmath.h> macro to call this function, **cbrt** always takes and returns **`double`**.
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If you use the \<tgmath.h> `cbrt()` macro, the type of the argument determines which version of the function is selected.See [Type-generic math](../../c-runtime-library/tgmath.md) for details.
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If you use the \<tgmath.h> `cbrt()` macro, the type of the argument determines which version of the function is selected. See [Type-generic math](../../c-runtime-library/tgmath.md) for details.
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By default, this function's global state is scoped to the application. To change this, see [Global state in the CRT](../global-state.md).
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