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#######################################################
# Copyright (c) 2015, ArrayFire
# All rights reserved.
#
# This file is distributed under 3-clause BSD license.
# The complete license agreement can be obtained at:
# http://arrayfire.com/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
########################################################
"""
Functions to handle the available devices in the backend.
"""
from .library import *
from .util import (safe_call, to_str, get_version)
def init():
"""
Note
-----
This function may need to be called when interoperating with other libraries
"""
safe_call(backend.get().af_init())
def info():
"""
Displays the information about the following:
- ArrayFire build and version number.
- The number of devices available.
- The names of the devices.
- The current device being used.
"""
safe_call(backend.get().af_info())
def device_info():
"""
Returns a map with the following fields:
- 'device': Name of the current device.
- 'backend': The current backend being used.
- 'toolkit': The toolkit version for the backend.
- 'compute': The compute version of the device.
"""
c_char_256 = c_char_t * 256
device_name = c_char_256()
backend_name = c_char_256()
toolkit = c_char_256()
compute = c_char_256()
safe_call(backend.get().af_device_info(c_pointer(device_name), c_pointer(backend_name),
c_pointer(toolkit), c_pointer(compute)))
dev_info = {}
dev_info['device'] = to_str(device_name)
dev_info['backend'] = to_str(backend_name)
dev_info['toolkit'] = to_str(toolkit)
dev_info['compute'] = to_str(compute)
return dev_info
def get_device_count():
"""
Returns the number of devices available.
"""
c_num = c_int_t(0)
safe_call(backend.get().af_get_device_count(c_pointer(c_num)))
return c_num.value
def get_device():
"""
Returns the id of the current device.
"""
c_dev = c_int_t(0)
safe_call(backend.get().af_get_device(c_pointer(c_dev)))
return c_dev.value
def set_device(num):
"""
Change the active device to the specified id.
Parameters
-----------
num: int.
id of the desired device.
"""
safe_call(backend.get().af_set_device(num))
def info_str(verbose = False):
"""
Returns information about the following as a string:
- ArrayFire version number.
- The number of devices available.
- The names of the devices.
- The current device being used.
"""
import platform
res_str = 'ArrayFire'
major, minor, patch = get_version()
dev_info = device_info()
backend_str = dev_info['backend']
res_str += ' v' + str(major) + '.' + str(minor) + '.' + str(patch)
res_str += ' (' + backend_str + ' ' + platform.architecture()[0] + ')\n'
num_devices = get_device_count()
curr_device_id = get_device()
for n in range(num_devices):
# To suppress warnings on CPU
if (n != curr_device_id):
set_device(n)
if (n == curr_device_id):
res_str += '[%d] ' % n
else:
res_str += '-%d- ' % n
dev_info = device_info()
if (backend_str.lower() == 'opencl'):
res_str += dev_info['toolkit']
res_str += ': ' + dev_info['device']
if (backend_str.lower() != 'cpu'):
res_str += ' (Compute ' + dev_info['compute'] + ')'
res_str += '\n'
# To suppress warnings on CPU
if (curr_device_id != get_device()):
set_device(curr_device_id)
return res_str
def is_dbl_supported(device=None):
"""
Check if double precision is supported on specified device.
Parameters
-----------
device: optional: int. default: None.
id of the desired device.
Returns
--------
- True if double precision supported.
- False if double precision not supported.
"""
dev = device if device is not None else get_device()
res = c_bool_t(False)
safe_call(backend.get().af_get_dbl_support(c_pointer(res), dev))
return res.value
def sync(device=None):
"""
Block until all the functions on the device have completed execution.
Parameters
-----------
device: optional: int. default: None.
id of the desired device.
"""
dev = device if device is not None else get_device()
safe_call(backend.get().af_sync(dev))
def __eval(*args):
nargs = len(args)
if (nargs == 1):
safe_call(backend.get().af_eval(args[0].arr))
else:
c_void_p_n = c_void_ptr_t * nargs
arrs = c_void_p_n()
for n in range(nargs):
arrs[n] = args[n].arr
safe_call(backend.get().af_eval_multiple(c_int_t(nargs), c_pointer(arrs)))
return
def eval(*args):
"""
Evaluate one or more inputs together
Parameters
-----------
args : arguments to be evaluated
Note
-----
All the input arrays to this function should be of the same size.
Examples
--------
>>> a = af.constant(1, 3, 3)
>>> b = af.constant(2, 3, 3)
>>> c = a + b
>>> d = a - b
>>> af.eval(c, d) # A single kernel is launched here
>>> c
arrayfire.Array()
Type: float
[3 3 1 1]
3.0000 3.0000 3.0000
3.0000 3.0000 3.0000
3.0000 3.0000 3.0000
>>> d
arrayfire.Array()
Type: float
[3 3 1 1]
-1.0000 -1.0000 -1.0000
-1.0000 -1.0000 -1.0000
-1.0000 -1.0000 -1.0000
"""
for arg in args:
if not isinstance(arg, Array):
raise RuntimeError("All inputs to eval must be of type arrayfire.Array")
__eval(*args)
def set_manual_eval_flag(flag):
"""
Tells the backend JIT engine to disable heuristics for determining when to evaluate a JIT tree.
Parameters
----------
flag : optional: bool.
- Specifies if the heuristic evaluation of the JIT tree needs to be disabled.
Note
----
This does not affect the evaluation that occurs when a non JIT function forces the evaluation.
"""
safe_call(backend.get().af_set_manual_eval_flag(flag))
def get_manual_eval_flag():
"""
Query the backend JIT engine to see if the user disabled heuristic evaluation of the JIT tree.
Note
----
This does not affect the evaluation that occurs when a non JIT function forces the evaluation.
"""
res = c_bool_t(False)
safe_call(backend.get().af_get_manual_eval_flag(c_pointer(res)))
return res.value
def device_mem_info():
"""
Returns a map with the following fields:
- 'alloc': Contains the map of the following
- 'buffers' : Total number of buffers allocated by memory manager.
- 'bytes' : Total number of bytes allocated by memory manager.
- 'lock': Contains the map of the following
- 'buffers' : Total number of buffers currently in scope.
- 'bytes' : Total number of bytes currently in scope.
Note
-----
ArrayFire does not free memory when array goes out of scope. The memory is marked for reuse.
- The difference between alloc buffers and lock buffers equals the number of free buffers.
- The difference between alloc bytes and lock bytes equals the number of free bytes.
"""
alloc_bytes = c_size_t(0)
alloc_buffers = c_size_t(0)
lock_bytes = c_size_t(0)
lock_buffers = c_size_t(0)
safe_call(backend.get().af_device_mem_info(c_pointer(alloc_bytes), c_pointer(alloc_buffers),
c_pointer(lock_bytes), c_pointer(lock_buffers)))
mem_info = {}
mem_info['alloc'] = {'buffers' : alloc_buffers.value, 'bytes' : alloc_bytes.value}
mem_info['lock'] = {'buffers' : lock_buffers.value, 'bytes' : lock_bytes.value}
return mem_info
def print_mem_info(title = "Memory Info", device_id = None):
"""
Prints the memory used for the specified device.
Parameters
----------
title: optional. Default: "Memory Info"
- Title to display before printing the memory info.
device_id: optional. Default: None
- Specifies the device for which the memory info should be displayed.
- If None, uses the current device.
Examples
--------
>>> a = af.randu(5,5)
>>> af.print_mem_info()
Memory Info
---------------------------------------------------------
| POINTER | SIZE | AF LOCK | USER LOCK |
---------------------------------------------------------
| 0x706400000 | 1 KB | Yes | No |
---------------------------------------------------------
>>> b = af.randu(5,5)
>>> af.print_mem_info()
Memory Info
---------------------------------------------------------
| POINTER | SIZE | AF LOCK | USER LOCK |
---------------------------------------------------------
| 0x706400400 | 1 KB | Yes | No |
| 0x706400000 | 1 KB | Yes | No |
---------------------------------------------------------
>>> a = af.randu(1000,1000)
>>> af.print_mem_info()
Memory Info
---------------------------------------------------------
| POINTER | SIZE | AF LOCK | USER LOCK |
---------------------------------------------------------
| 0x706500000 | 3.815 MB | Yes | No |
| 0x706400400 | 1 KB | Yes | No |
| 0x706400000 | 1 KB | No | No |
---------------------------------------------------------
"""
device_id = device_id if device_id else get_device()
safe_call(backend.get().af_print_mem_info(title.encode('utf-8'), device_id))
def device_gc():
"""
Ask the garbage collector to free all unlocked memory
"""
safe_call(backend.get().af_device_gc())
def get_device_ptr(a):
"""
Get the raw device pointer of an array
Parameters
----------
a: af.Array
- A multi dimensional arrayfire array.
Returns
-------
- internal device pointer held by a
Note
-----
- The device pointer of `a` is not freed by memory manager until `unlock_device_ptr()` is called.
- This function enables the user to interoperate arrayfire with other CUDA/OpenCL/C libraries.
"""
ptr = c_void_ptr_t(0)
safe_call(backend.get().af_get_device_ptr(c_pointer(ptr), a.arr))
return ptr
def lock_device_ptr(a):
"""
This functions is deprecated. Please use lock_array instead.
"""
import warnings
warnings.warn("This function is deprecated. Use lock_array instead.", DeprecationWarning)
lock_array(a)
def lock_array(a):
"""
Ask arrayfire to not perform garbage collection on raw data held by an array.
Parameters
----------
a: af.Array
- A multi dimensional arrayfire array.
Note
-----
- The device pointer of `a` is not freed by memory manager until `unlock_array()` is called.
"""
safe_call(backend.get().af_lock_array(a.arr))
def is_locked_array(a):
"""
Check if the input array is locked by the user.
Parameters
----------
a: af.Array
- A multi dimensional arrayfire array.
Returns
-----------
A bool specifying if the input array is locked.
"""
res = c_bool_t(False)
safe_call(backend.get().af_is_locked_array(c_pointer(res), a.arr))
return res.value
def unlock_device_ptr(a):
"""
This functions is deprecated. Please use unlock_array instead.
"""
import warnings
warnings.warn("This function is deprecated. Use unlock_array instead.", DeprecationWarning)
unlock_array(a)
def unlock_array(a):
"""
Tell arrayfire to resume garbage collection on raw data held by an array.
Parameters
----------
a: af.Array
- A multi dimensional arrayfire array.
"""
safe_call(backend.get().af_unlock_array(a.arr))
def alloc_device(num_bytes):
"""
Allocate a buffer on the device with specified number of bytes.
"""
ptr = c_void_ptr_t(0)
c_num_bytes = c_dim_t(num_bytes)
safe_call(backend.get().af_alloc_device(c_pointer(ptr), c_num_bytes))
return ptr.value
def alloc_host(num_bytes):
"""
Allocate a buffer on the host with specified number of bytes.
"""
ptr = c_void_ptr_t(0)
c_num_bytes = c_dim_t(num_bytes)
safe_call(backend.get().af_alloc_host(c_pointer(ptr), c_num_bytes))
return ptr.value
def alloc_pinned(num_bytes):
"""
Allocate a buffer on the host using pinned memory with specified number of bytes.
"""
ptr = c_void_ptr_t(0)
c_num_bytes = c_dim_t(num_bytes)
safe_call(backend.get().af_alloc_pinned(c_pointer(ptr), c_num_bytes))
return ptr.value
def free_device(ptr):
"""
Free the device memory allocated by alloc_device
"""
cptr = c_void_ptr_t(ptr)
safe_call(backend.get().af_free_device(cptr))
def free_host(ptr):
"""
Free the host memory allocated by alloc_host
"""
cptr = c_void_ptr_t(ptr)
safe_call(backend.get().af_free_host(cptr))
def free_pinned(ptr):
"""
Free the pinned memory allocated by alloc_pinned
"""
cptr = c_void_ptr_t(ptr)
safe_call(backend.get().af_free_pinned(cptr))
from .array import Array