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vim

✏️

links

cheatsheet

This is personal. I'm not taking notes of things I already memorized.

The commands are usually composed of a verb and a noun. Example: dw, stands for delete a word.

Tip: usually the same key used two times in a row applies the verb in the whole line. Examples: dd deletes the whole line, cc change the whole line.

motion

See :h motion for more info.

mapping summary
f<char> (f)ind a char forward in a line and move to it (F goes backward)
t<char> find a char forward in a line and move un(t)il it (T goes backward)
; repeat last f, F, t or T command
, repeat last f, F, t or T command, but in opposite direction
H, M, L move (H)igh, (M)iddle, or (L)ow within the viewport
C-u, C-d move (u)p or (d)own

Text Objects

Tip: prefer using text-objects rather than motions in order to increase repeatability.

See :h text-objects for more options.

mapping operation
iw, aw "inner word", "a word" (a word includes the space)
is, as "inner sentece", "a sentece"
ip, ap "inner paragraph", "a paragraph"
i), a) "inner parenthesis", "a parenthesis"
i', a' "inner single quote", "a single quote"
it, at "inner tag", "a tag" (HTML tag)

random tips

  • :set nu or :set number - line numbers

  • :set ai | :set noai - enable/disable autoindent

  • :set visualbell - blink screen instead of sound

  • :ab md mydomain.intranet.com - when you type md it becomes mydomain.intranet.com

  • visualy select part of the text and :'<,'>$!sort - sort the lines

  • :noh - disables search highlight

  • set a default font in gvim: :set guifont=*, choose the font config in the dialog box, then use :set guifont? to see what you should put in your .vimrc.

basic .vimrc options

colorscheme evening
set number
set tabstop=2
set showcmd
set cursorline " gutter

sensible.vim

Avoid too much configurations, but take a look at this one (which claims to be "defaults everyone can agree on"): https://github.com/tpope/vim-sensible

It enables things like <C-L> to clear hlsearch, <C-W> to delete previous word when in INSERT mode, etc.

install vim-plug

The vim-plug is useful to install/update vim plugins.

Here's a way to install it at startup:

  • add this to your .vimrc
if empty(glob('~/.vim/autoload/plug.vim'))
  silent !curl -fLo ~/.vim/autoload/plug.vim --create-dirs
    \ https://raw.githubusercontent.com/junegunn/vim-plug/master/plug.vim
  autocmd VimEnter * PlugInstall --sync | source $MYVIMRC
endif

video: Mastering the Vim Language

  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wlR5gYd6um0

  • 4:35 the language (basics)

  • 5:36 repeatable & undoable

  • 6:48 verbs/operators in vim

  • 8:21 nouns in vim - motions

  • 9:05 nouns in vim - text objects

  • 12:18 nouns in vim - parameterized text objects (find/search)

  • 16:33 where to learn/read

  • 18:35 tips for mastering the language

  • 20:35 relative number

  • 22:45 visual mode is a smell

  • 24:18 custom operators (from plugins)

    • 24:42 tpope/vim-surround
    • 26:02 tpope/vim-commentary
    • 26:48 vim-scripts/ReplaceWithRegister
    • 27:41 christoomey/vim-titlecase
    • 28:21 christoomey/sort-motion
    • 28:57 christommey/system-copy

  • 29:52 custom nouns (objects)

    • 30:03 michaeljsmith/vim-indent-object
    • 31:08 kana/vim-textobj-entire
    • 30:30 kana/vim-textobj-line
      • both requires kana/vim-textobj-user
    • 32:15 ruby block

  • 33:30 Finding more custom text objects

Syntax of the language: Verb + Noun

Example:

  • d for delete
  • w for word
  • combine to be "delete word"

Some verbs:

  • d: delete
  • c: change (delete and enter insert mode)
  • >: indent
  • v: visually select
  • y: yank (copy)

Some nouns related to motions:

  • w: word
  • b: back
  • 2j: down 2 lines

Some nouns related to text objects:

  • iw: inner word (works from anywhere in a word)
  • it: inner tag (the contents of an HTML tag)
  • i": inner quotes
  • ip: inner paragraph
  • as: a sentence

Some nouns related to parameterized text objects

  • f, F: find the next character, including it.
  • t, T: find the next character, excluding it.
  • /, ?: search the string, not including the string.

Tips:

  • use :set relativenumber
  • "visual mode is a smell"

plugin suggestions

  • Surround. e.g.:
    • ds": delete surrounding quotes
    • cs(": change surrounding parens to quotes
    • ysiw": add double quotes around the word
    • cst<h2>: change surrounding tag to <h2>
  • Commentary
  • ReplaceWithRegister
  • Titlecase
  • Sort-motion
  • System-copy

vimwiki

Questions to be answered:

  • How to add a trailing .md extension when creating a new wiki page with <Enter>?
  • How to git commit & push after saving with :w?
  • How to open a specific wiki from command line? (I want to open my-notes with an alias like mynotes)
  • How to sort an unordered list alphabetically?