fix(kyber): Close potential side-channel vulnerability#534
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thomwiggers merged 3 commits intomasterfrom Jan 25, 2024
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fix(kyber): Close potential side-channel vulnerability#534thomwiggers merged 3 commits intomasterfrom
thomwiggers merged 3 commits intomasterfrom
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Address the Kyber side-channel vulnerabilities that are potentially introduced by the division in certain poly operations. Closes #533
dstebila
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Jan 2, 2024
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This is a port of issue PQClean/PQClean#534 Description from mupq/pqm4#320: The function poly_tomsg from the reference implementation of Kyber (which was copied into the M4-optimized implementations) would result in a variable-time udiv instruction operating on secret data when compiled with gcc using -Os. I tried a couple of versions from gcc 11 to gcc 13, but did not see any difference. Description from mupq/pqm4#319 This bit of code or similar is used in your various implementations of Kyber to compress a polynomial ring element into a (secret) message: ``` t = (((a->coeffs[8 * i + j] << 1) + KYBER_Q / 2) / KYBER_Q) & 1; ``` To do so, it performs a division by Q that might not necessarily compile to a multiplication instruction: looking at the output of some C compilers using https://godbolt.org/z/sKn3TKKGq and https://godbolt.org/z/8GqKoTfYh for example, a division instruction is emitted even when -O3 is specified. Should a division instruction be emitted, its execution time would likely be variable and leak information about its secret input. Signed-off-by: Stephan Mueller <smueller@chronox.de>
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Refs: PQClean/PQClean#504 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#512 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#519 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#521 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#527 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#534 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#535 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#536 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#540 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#541 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#542 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#543
This was referenced Feb 23, 2024
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infra-riderju74
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This is a port of issue PQClean/PQClean#534 Description from mupq/pqm4#320: The function poly_tomsg from the reference implementation of Kyber (which was copied into the M4-optimized implementations) would result in a variable-time udiv instruction operating on secret data when compiled with gcc using -Os. I tried a couple of versions from gcc 11 to gcc 13, but did not see any difference. Description from mupq/pqm4#319 This bit of code or similar is used in your various implementations of Kyber to compress a polynomial ring element into a (secret) message: ``` t = (((a->coeffs[8 * i + j] << 1) + KYBER_Q / 2) / KYBER_Q) & 1; ``` To do so, it performs a division by Q that might not necessarily compile to a multiplication instruction: looking at the output of some C compilers using https://godbolt.org/z/sKn3TKKGq and https://godbolt.org/z/8GqKoTfYh for example, a division instruction is emitted even when -O3 is specified. Should a division instruction be emitted, its execution time would likely be variable and leak information about its secret input. Signed-off-by: Stephan Mueller <smueller@chronox.de>
data-wardenb6ym
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Sep 29, 2025
Refs: PQClean/PQClean#504 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#512 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#519 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#521 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#527 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#534 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#535 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#536 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#540 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#541 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#542 Refs: PQClean/PQClean#543
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Address the Kyber side-channel vulnerabilities that are potentially
introduced by the division in certain poly operations.
Closes #533