#include "ModuleInternal.h"

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

#include <sys/stat.h>

#include <time.h>

#include <unistd.h>

#include <cmath>

#include <cstring>

#include <string>

#include "BuiltinLoader.h"

#include "Caches.h"

#include "Helpers.h"

#include "HttpLoader.h"

#include "ModuleInternalCallbacks.h" // for ResolveModuleCallback

#include "NativeScriptException.h"

#include "NsBuiltinModules.h"

#include "Runtime.h"

#include "RuntimeConfig.h"

#include "napi/NapiModules.h"

using namespace v8;

namespace tns {

bool IsESModule(const std::string& path) {

return path.size() >= 4 && path.compare(path.size() - 4, 4, ".mjs") == 0 &&

!(path.size() >= 8 && path.compare(path.size() - 8, 8, ".mjs.map") == 0);

}

static bool IsBareSpecifier(const std::string& specifier) {

if (specifier.empty() || specifier[0] == '.' || specifier[0] == '/' ||

specifier[0] == '~') {

return false;

}

return specifier.find(':') == std::string::npos;

}

static std::string NormalizePath(const std::string& path);

static ModuleEvaluationOptions BootEntryEvaluationOptions(bool isHttpModule) {

ModuleEvaluationOptions options;

options.policy = ModuleEvaluationPolicy::kSyncPumping;

options.deadlineSeconds = isHttpModule ? kModuleEvaluateDeadlineSeconds : 1.0;

options.timeoutBehavior = isHttpModule ? ModuleEvaluationOptions::TimeoutBehavior::kThrow

: ModuleEvaluationOptions::TimeoutBehavior::kReturnPending;

options.pumpRunLoop = isHttpModule;

return options;

}

static ModuleEvaluationOptions RequireEvaluationOptions(ModuleEvaluationPolicy policy) {

ModuleEvaluationOptions options;

options.policy = policy;

if (policy == ModuleEvaluationPolicy::kSyncPumping) {

options.deadlineSeconds = kModuleEvaluateDeadlineSeconds;

options.timeoutBehavior = ModuleEvaluationOptions::TimeoutBehavior::kThrow;

options.pumpRunLoop = false;

}

return options;

}

static inline bool StartsWith(const std::string& value, const char* prefix) {

size_t n = strlen(prefix);

return value.size() >= n && value.compare(0, n, prefix) == 0;

}

static std::string NormalizeHttpModuleUrl(const std::string& path) {

if (path.empty()) {

return path;

}

std::string normalized = path;

if (StartsWith(normalized, "file://http://") || StartsWith(normalized, "file://https://")) {

normalized = normalized.substr(strlen("file://"));

}

if (normalized.rfind("http:/", 0) == 0 && normalized.rfind("http://", 0) != 0) {

normalized.insert(5, "/");

} else if (normalized.rfind("https:/", 0) == 0 && normalized.rfind("https://", 0) != 0) {

normalized.insert(6, "/");

}

return normalized;

}

static bool IsHttpModulePath(const std::string& path) {

std::string normalized = NormalizeHttpModuleUrl(path);

return StartsWith(normalized, "http://") || StartsWith(normalized, "https://");

}

static std::string CanonicalizeModulePath(const std::string& path) {

if (IsHttpModulePath(path)) {

return CanonicalizeHttpUrlKey(NormalizeHttpModuleUrl(path));

}

return NormalizePath(path);

}

static std::string NormalizePath(const std::string& path) {

if (path.empty()) {

return path;

}

NSString* nsPath = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:path.c_str()];

if (nsPath == nil) {

return path;

}

NSString* standardized = [nsPath stringByStandardizingPath];

if (standardized == nil) {

return path;

}

return std::string([standardized UTF8String]);

}

std::string ResolveMainEntryFromPackageJson(const std::string& baseDir) {

// Get the main value from package.json

id mainValue = Runtime::GetAppConfigValue("main");

NSString* mainEntry = nil;

if (mainValue && [mainValue isKindOfClass:[NSString class]]) {

mainEntry = (NSString*)mainValue;

} else {

// Fallback to "index" if no main field found

mainEntry = @"index";

}

// Try the main entry with different extensions

NSString* basePath =

[[NSString stringWithUTF8String:baseDir.c_str()] stringByAppendingPathComponent:mainEntry];

// Check if file exists as-is

if (tns::Exists([basePath fileSystemRepresentation])) {

return std::string([basePath UTF8String]);

}

// Try with .js extension

else if (tns::Exists(

[[basePath stringByAppendingPathExtension:@"js"] fileSystemRepresentation])) {

return std::string([[basePath stringByAppendingPathExtension:@"js"] UTF8String]);

}

// Try with .mjs extension

else if (tns::Exists(

[[basePath stringByAppendingPathExtension:@"mjs"] fileSystemRepresentation])) {

return std::string([[basePath stringByAppendingPathExtension:@"mjs"] UTF8String]);

} else {

// If none found, default to .js (let the loading system handle the error)

return std::string([[basePath stringByAppendingPathExtension:@"js"] UTF8String]);

}

}

ModuleInternal::ModuleInternal(Local<Context> context) {

Isolate* isolate = v8::Isolate::GetCurrent();

Local<Object> global = context->Global();

TryCatch tc(isolate);

Local<Value> result;

if (!BuiltinLoader::RunBuiltin(context, BuiltinId::kRequireFactory).ToLocal(&result)) {

if (tc.HasCaught()) {

tns::LogError(isolate, tc);

}

Log(@"FATAL: Failed to run require factory script");

return;

}

if (result.IsEmpty() || !result->IsFunction()) {

Log(@"FATAL: Require factory script did not return a function");

return;

}

this->requireFactoryFunction_ =

std::make_unique<Persistent<v8::Function>>(isolate, result.As<v8::Function>());

Local<FunctionTemplate> requireFuncTemplate = FunctionTemplate::New(

isolate, RequireCallback, External::New(isolate, this, v8::kExternalPointerTypeTagDefault));

this->requireFunction_ = std::make_unique<Persistent<v8::Function>>(

isolate, requireFuncTemplate->GetFunction(context).ToLocalChecked());

// Use shortened path for global require function to avoid V8 parsing issues

std::string globalRequirePath = "/app";

Local<v8::Function> globalRequire = GetRequireFunction(

isolate, globalRequirePath, RequireEvaluationOptions(ModuleEvaluationPolicy::kSyncStrict));

bool success =

global->Set(context, tns::ToV8String(isolate, "require"), globalRequire).FromMaybe(false);

if (!success) {

Log(@"FATAL: Failed to set global require function");

}

}

void ModuleInternal::RunModule(Isolate* isolate, std::string path) {

// The app entry arrives as "./"; resolve it before deciding how to run it so

// an ES module entry takes the module path instead of being require()d. A

// required entry would evaluate under the strict policy, which refuses a

// top-level-await graph outright — so this is what makes `import`/`export`,

// and a TLA entry, legal in an app's main module. Resolved with the same

// function the boot backstop's probe uses, so the evaluated module and the

// probe agree on the registry key. A CommonJS entry keeps "./" and the

// global-require route it has always taken.

if (path == "./") {

std::string mainEntry = ResolveMainEntryFromPackageJson(RuntimeConfig.ApplicationPath);

if (IsESModule(mainEntry) || IsHttpModulePath(mainEntry)) {

path = mainEntry;

}

}

std::shared_ptr<Caches> cache = Caches::Get(isolate);

Local<Context> context = cache->GetContext();

// The ES module branch compiles and links against isolate->GetCurrentContext(),

// and a caller that enters the isolate through a fresh Isolate::Scope

// (RunMainScript) has no current context: the one Runtime::Init entered was

// popped with Init's own scope. The require branch never needed this because

// Function::Call enters the context it is handed.

Context::Scope context_scope(context);

Local<Object> globalObject = context->Global();

bool isHttpModule = IsHttpModulePath(path);

// Ensure global.__dirname is defined so ESM/CommonJS shims relying on it work.

{

Local<Value> dirVal;

bool hasDir = globalObject->Get(context, ToV8String(isolate, "__dirname")).ToLocal(&dirVal);

if (!hasDir || dirVal->IsUndefined()) {

bool setDir = globalObject

->Set(context, ToV8String(isolate, "__dirname"),

ToV8String(isolate, RuntimeConfig.ApplicationPath))

.FromMaybe(false);

if (!setDir) {

Log(@"Warning: Failed to set __dirname on global object");

}

}

}

// ES module fast path

if (IsESModule(path) || isHttpModule) {

Local<Value> moduleNamespace;

if (isHttpModule) {

TNS_DEBUG(Esm, "run-module http-esm begin %s", NormalizeHttpModuleUrl(path).c_str());

}

try {

// The entry runs before this thread's event loop does, so its graph can

// only make progress from the pump inside LoadESModule.

moduleNamespace =

ModuleInternal::LoadESModule(isolate, path, BootEntryEvaluationOptions(isHttpModule));

} catch (const NativeScriptException& ex) {

Runtime* runtime = Runtime::GetRuntime(isolate);

bool terminating = isolate->IsExecutionTerminating() ||

(runtime != nullptr && runtime->IsTerminationRequested());

if (RuntimeConfig.IsDebug && !terminating) {

Log(@"***** JavaScript exception occurred *****");

Log(@"Error loading ES module: %s", path.c_str());

Log(@"Exception: %s", ex.getMessage().c_str());

}

throw;

}

if (moduleNamespace.IsEmpty()) {

// `LoadESModule` returned an empty value without throwing. Provide a

// directional hint; this is the only case with no actual reason text.

throw NativeScriptException(

std::string("ES module returned empty namespace for ") + path +

" — likely a top-level await that never settled; check the device "

"console for the matching [esm][evaluate][promise-timeout] entry.");

}

if (isHttpModule) {

TNS_DEBUG(Esm, "run-module http-esm ok %s", NormalizeHttpModuleUrl(path).c_str());

}

return;

}

// For CommonJS modules (.js), use the traditional require() approach

Local<Value> requireObj;

bool success = globalObject->Get(context, ToV8String(isolate, "require")).ToLocal(&requireObj);

if (!success || !requireObj->IsFunction()) {

throw NativeScriptException("require function unavailable on globalThis");

}

Local<v8::Function> requireFunc = requireObj.As<v8::Function>();

Local<Value> args[] = {ToV8String(isolate, path)};

Local<Value> result;

TryCatch tc(isolate);

success = requireFunc->Call(context, globalObject, 1, args).ToLocal(&result);

if (!success || tc.HasCaught()) {

// A termination is caught like an exception but carries no error value;

// naming it as the failure keeps it from being reported as one. All three

// signals, as in the settle pump: a native frame between here and the

// interrupted JS may have swallowed the sentinel on its way out.

Runtime* runtime = Runtime::GetRuntime(isolate);

if (tc.HasTerminated() || isolate->IsExecutionTerminating() ||

(runtime != nullptr && runtime->IsTerminationRequested())) {

throw NativeScriptException("Module evaluation interrupted by isolate termination: " + path);

}

if (RuntimeConfig.IsDebug) {

Log(@"***** JavaScript exception occurred *****");

Log(@"Error in require() call:");

Log(@" Requested module: '%s'", path.c_str());

Log(@" Called from: %s", RuntimeConfig.ApplicationPath.c_str());

if (tc.HasCaught()) {

tns::LogError(isolate, tc);

}

}

// The TryCatch form captures the V8 exception, so a worker boundary can

// re-arm it on the isolate (ReThrowToV8) and route it to worker.onerror.

if (tc.HasCaught()) {

throw NativeScriptException(isolate, tc, std::string("require() failed for module ") + path);

}

throw NativeScriptException(std::string("require() failed for module ") + path);

}

}

void ModuleInternal::CreateRequireCallback(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& info) {

Isolate* isolate = info.GetIsolate();

if (info.Length() < 1 || !info[0]->IsString()) {

isolate->ThrowException(Exception::TypeError(

tns::ToV8String(isolate, "createRequire expects a base directory string")));

return;

}

Runtime* runtime = Runtime::GetRuntime(isolate);

ModuleInternal* moduleInternal = runtime != nullptr ? runtime->GetModuleInternal() : nullptr;

if (moduleInternal == nullptr) {

isolate->ThrowException(Exception::Error(tns::ToV8String(

isolate, "createRequire is unavailable: this isolate has no module loader")));

return;

}

std::string dirName = tns::ToString(isolate, info[0].As<v8::String>());

const bool pumping = info.Length() > 1 && info[1]->BooleanValue(isolate);

ModuleEvaluationOptions options = RequireEvaluationOptions(

pumping ? ModuleEvaluationPolicy::kSyncPumping : ModuleEvaluationPolicy::kSyncStrict);

// ns-module.js validates these at mint time and passes undefined for

// anything the caller left out, so each present value simply overrides its

// default. The numeric one is re-checked here regardless: this binding is a

// boundary of its own, and a NaN or infinite deadline makes every deadline

// comparison in the pump false, which is an unbounded pump rather than a

// long one.

if (info.Length() > 2 && info[2]->IsNumber()) {

const double deadlineSeconds = info[2].As<v8::Number>()->Value();

if (!std::isfinite(deadlineSeconds) || deadlineSeconds <= 0) {

isolate->ThrowException(Exception::TypeError(tns::ToV8String(

isolate, "createRequire: 'deadlineSeconds' must be a positive finite number")));

return;

}

options.deadlineSeconds = deadlineSeconds;

}

if (info.Length() > 3 && info[3]->IsBoolean()) {

options.timeoutBehavior = info[3]->BooleanValue(isolate)

? ModuleEvaluationOptions::TimeoutBehavior::kThrow

: ModuleEvaluationOptions::TimeoutBehavior::kReturnPending;

}

if (info.Length() > 4 && info[4]->IsBoolean()) {

options.pumpRunLoop = info[4]->BooleanValue(isolate);

}

info.GetReturnValue().Set(moduleInternal->GetRequireFunction(isolate, dirName, options));

}

bool ModuleInternal::InstallCreateRequireBinding(Local<Context> context, Local<Object> binding) {

Isolate* isolate = v8::Isolate::GetCurrent();

Local<v8::Function> fn;

if (!v8::Function::New(context, ModuleInternal::CreateRequireCallback).ToLocal(&fn)) {

return false;

}

fn->SetName(tns::ToV8String(isolate, "createRequire"));

return binding->CreateDataProperty(context, tns::ToV8String(isolate, "createRequire"), fn)

.FromMaybe(false);

}

Local<v8::Function> ModuleInternal::GetRequireFunction(Isolate* isolate, const std::string& dirName,

const ModuleEvaluationOptions& options) {

Local<v8::Function> requireFuncFactory = requireFactoryFunction_->Get(isolate);

Local<Context> context = isolate->GetCurrentContext();

Local<v8::Function> requireInternalFunc = this->requireFunction_->Get(isolate);

Local<Value> args[6]{

requireInternalFunc,

tns::ToV8String(isolate, dirName.c_str()),

Integer::New(isolate, static_cast<int>(options.policy)),

v8::Number::New(isolate, options.deadlineSeconds),

v8::Boolean::New(isolate,

options.timeoutBehavior == ModuleEvaluationOptions::TimeoutBehavior::kThrow),

v8::Boolean::New(isolate, options.pumpRunLoop)};

Local<Value> result;

Local<Object> thiz = Object::New(isolate);

TryCatch tc(isolate);

bool success = requireFuncFactory->Call(context, thiz, 6, args).ToLocal(&result);

if (!success || tc.HasCaught()) {

if (tc.HasCaught()) {

tns::LogError(isolate, tc);

}

Log(@"FATAL: Failed to call require factory function");

// A require that cannot exist must throw when called, in every build.

result = v8::Function::New(context, [](const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& info) {

info.GetIsolate()->ThrowException(v8::Exception::Error(

tns::ToV8String(info.GetIsolate(), "Require function unavailable")));

}).ToLocalChecked();

}

if (result.IsEmpty() || !result->IsFunction()) {

Log(@"FATAL: Require factory did not return a function");

result = v8::Function::New(context, [](const v8::FunctionCallbackInfo<v8::Value>& info) {

info.GetIsolate()->ThrowException(v8::Exception::Error(

tns::ToV8String(info.GetIsolate(), "Require function unavailable")));

}).ToLocalChecked();

}

return result.As<v8::Function>();

}

static std::string DescribeValueForTypeError(Isolate* isolate, Local<Value> value) {

if (value.IsEmpty() || value->IsUndefined()) {

return "undefined";

}

if (value->IsNull()) {

return "null";

}

if (value->IsFunction()) {

std::string name = tns::ToString(isolate, value.As<v8::Function>()->GetName());

return name.empty() ? "an instance of Function" : "function " + name;

}

if (value->IsObject()) {

std::string ctorName = tns::ToString(isolate, value.As<Object>()->GetConstructorName());

return ctorName.empty() ? "an object" : "an instance of " + ctorName;

}

// A primitive: `type <typeof> (<value>)`.

const char* typeName = "object";

std::string rendered;

if (value->IsBoolean()) {

typeName = "boolean";

rendered = value->IsTrue() ? "true" : "false";

} else if (value->IsNumber()) {

typeName = "number";

double number = value.As<v8::Number>()->Value();

// String(-0) is "0", but Node renders the sign, and losing it here would

// hide exactly the distinction the message is meant to surface.

rendered = (number == 0 && std::signbit(number)) ? "-0" : tns::ToString(isolate, value);

} else if (value->IsBigInt()) {

typeName = "bigint";

rendered = tns::ToString(isolate, value) + "n";

} else if (value->IsSymbol()) {

typeName = "symbol";

Local<Value> description = value.As<v8::Symbol>()->Description(isolate);

rendered = "Symbol(" +

(description->IsUndefined() ? std::string() : tns::ToString(isolate, description)) +

")";

} else {

rendered = tns::ToString(isolate, value);

}

if (rendered.size() > 28) {

rendered = rendered.substr(0, 25) + "...";

}

return "type " + std::string(typeName) + " (" + rendered + ")";

}

void ModuleInternal::RequireCallback(const FunctionCallbackInfo<Value>& info) {

Isolate* isolate = info.GetIsolate();

// Every path below assumes a string specifier — the builtin probe, the

// http(s) guard and the filesystem resolution all read it — so reject a

// non-string before any of them rather than casting one unchecked.

if (info.Length() < 1 || !info[0]->IsString()) {

Local<Value> received = info.Length() < 1 ? Local<Value>() : info[0];

isolate->ThrowException(Exception::TypeError(

tns::ToV8String(isolate, "The \"id\" argument must be of type string. Received " +

DescribeValueForTypeError(isolate, received))));

return;

}

// Builtin modules resolve before any path handling, so they can never be

// shadowed by a file or a package, and an unknown one fails as a missing

// builtin rather than as a missing file. Only prefixed specifiers get here:

// a bare `util` still resolves through npm.

{

std::string specifier = tns::ToString(isolate, info[0].As<v8::String>());

if (NsBuiltinModules::IsBuiltinScheme(specifier)) {

Local<Context> context = isolate->GetCurrentContext();

Local<Object> exports;

if (NsBuiltinModules::GetExports(context, specifier).ToLocal(&exports)) {

info.GetReturnValue().Set(exports);

} else if (!NsBuiltinModules::IsRegistered(specifier)) {

isolate->ThrowException(Exception::Error(

tns::ToV8String(isolate, NsBuiltinModules::NotFoundMessage(specifier))));

}

return;

}

// Node-API addons claim a bare name only, so a path can never be diverted

// into the addon registry, and builtins keep priority over both.

if (IsBareSpecifier(specifier) && NapiModules::IsRegistered(specifier)) {

Local<Context> context = isolate->GetCurrentContext();

Local<Object> exports;

if (NapiModules::GetExports(context, specifier).ToLocal(&exports)) {

info.GetReturnValue().Set(exports);

} else if (!isolate->HasPendingException()) {

// The addon is registered but failed to initialize. Returning

// undefined would hand the caller a module-shaped hole to trip over

// later; the failure belongs at the require() call.

isolate->ThrowException(Exception::Error(

tns::ToV8String(isolate, "Failed to initialize Node-API module '" + specifier + "'")));

}

return;

}

}

// Declare these outside try block so they're available in catch

std::string moduleName;

std::string callingModuleDirName;

NSString* fullPath = nil;

try {

// Guard: URL-based modules must be loaded via dynamic import() in dev HTTP ESM mode.

moduleName = tns::ToString(isolate, info[0]);

if (moduleName.rfind("http://", 0) == 0 || moduleName.rfind("https://", 0) == 0) {

std::string msg = std::string("NativeScript: require() of URL module is not supported: ") +

moduleName + ". Use dynamic import() instead.";

throw NativeScriptException(msg.c_str());

}

ModuleInternal* moduleInternal = static_cast<ModuleInternal*>(

info.Data().As<External>()->Value(v8::kExternalPointerTypeTagDefault));

moduleName = tns::ToString(isolate, info[0].As<v8::String>());

callingModuleDirName = tns::ToString(isolate, info[1].As<v8::String>());

// The require factory forwards the options its require was minted with;

// an absent policy is the strict default every ordinary require uses.

ModuleEvaluationPolicy policy = ModuleEvaluationPolicy::kSyncStrict;

if (info.Length() > 2 && info[2]->IsInt32() &&

info[2].As<Int32>()->Value() == static_cast<int>(ModuleEvaluationPolicy::kSyncPumping)) {

policy = ModuleEvaluationPolicy::kSyncPumping;

}

ModuleEvaluationOptions evaluationOptions = RequireEvaluationOptions(policy);

if (info.Length() > 3 && info[3]->IsNumber()) {

evaluationOptions.deadlineSeconds = info[3].As<v8::Number>()->Value();

}

if (info.Length() > 4 && info[4]->IsBoolean()) {

evaluationOptions.timeoutBehavior =

info[4]->BooleanValue(isolate) ? ModuleEvaluationOptions::TimeoutBehavior::kThrow

: ModuleEvaluationOptions::TimeoutBehavior::kReturnPending;

}

if (info.Length() > 5 && info[5]->IsBoolean()) {

evaluationOptions.pumpRunLoop = info[5]->BooleanValue(isolate);

}

// Expand shortened paths back to full paths for file resolution

if (callingModuleDirName.length() > 0 && callingModuleDirName.substr(0, 4) == "/app") {

std::string expandedPath = RuntimeConfig.ApplicationPath + callingModuleDirName.substr(4);

callingModuleDirName = expandedPath;

}

// Special handling for "./" - resolve to main entry point from package.json

if (moduleName == "./") {

std::string mainEntryPath = ResolveMainEntryFromPackageJson(RuntimeConfig.ApplicationPath);

fullPath = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:mainEntryPath.c_str()];

} else if (moduleName.length() > 0 && moduleName[0] != '/') {

if (moduleName[0] == '.') {

NSString* callingDirNS = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:callingModuleDirName.c_str()];

NSString* moduleNameNS = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:moduleName.c_str()];

fullPath =

[[callingDirNS stringByAppendingPathComponent:moduleNameNS] stringByStandardizingPath];

} else if (moduleName[0] == '~') {

// `~` is the app-root alias, so what follows it is a path relative to

// the app root whether or not the caller wrote the separator.

std::string relative = moduleName.substr(1);

size_t firstSegment = relative.find_first_not_of('/');

relative =

firstSegment == std::string::npos ? std::string() : relative.substr(firstSegment);

fullPath = [[NSString stringWithUTF8String:RuntimeConfig.ApplicationPath.c_str()]

stringByAppendingPathComponent:[NSString stringWithUTF8String:relative.c_str()]];

} else {

// Default: resolve in tns_modules (shared folder override removed)

NSString* tnsModulesPath =

[[NSString stringWithUTF8String:RuntimeConfig.ApplicationPath.c_str()]

stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"tns_modules"];

fullPath = [tnsModulesPath

stringByAppendingPathComponent:[NSString stringWithUTF8String:moduleName.c_str()]];

const char* path1 = [fullPath fileSystemRepresentation];

const char* path2 =

[[fullPath stringByAppendingPathExtension:@"js"] fileSystemRepresentation];

const char* path3 =

[[fullPath stringByAppendingPathExtension:@"mjs"] fileSystemRepresentation];

if (!tns::Exists(path1) && !tns::Exists(path2) && !tns::Exists(path3)) {

fullPath = [tnsModulesPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"tns-core-modules"];

fullPath = [fullPath

stringByAppendingPathComponent:[NSString stringWithUTF8String:moduleName.c_str()]];

}

}

} else {

fullPath = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:moduleName.c_str()];

}

NSString* fileNameOnly = [fullPath lastPathComponent];

NSString* pathOnly = [fullPath stringByDeletingLastPathComponent];

bool isData = false;

Local<Object> moduleObj = moduleInternal->LoadImpl(

isolate, [fileNameOnly UTF8String], [pathOnly UTF8String], isData, evaluationOptions);

if (moduleObj.IsEmpty()) {

return;

}

if (isData) {

// moduleObj is guaranteed to be non-empty here due to check above

info.GetReturnValue().Set(moduleObj);

} else {

Local<Context> context = isolate->GetCurrentContext();

Local<Value> exportsObj;

bool success =

moduleObj->Get(context, tns::ToV8String(isolate, "exports")).ToLocal(&exportsObj);

if (success) {

info.GetReturnValue().Set(exportsObj);

} else {

Log(@"Warning: Failed to get exports from module object");

}

}

} catch (NativeScriptException& ex) {

// Rethrown as-is. Wrapping it in a fresh Error erased the original's class

// and identity, so `catch (e) { e instanceof TypeError }` — and any

// reference comparison against a module's own exported error — silently

// stopped working for anything thrown through a require().

TNS_DEBUG(Esm, "[require][fail] module=%s from=%s resolved=%s: %s", moduleName.c_str(),

callingModuleDirName.c_str(),

fullPath != nil ? [fullPath UTF8String] : "<unresolved>", ex.getMessage().c_str());

ex.ReThrowToV8(isolate);

}

}

Local<Object> ModuleInternal::LoadImpl(Isolate* isolate, const std::string& moduleName,

const std::string& baseDir, bool& isData,

const ModuleEvaluationOptions& options) {

// The specifier goes into the key verbatim. Stripping its extension made

// './config.js' and './config.json' the same key, so whichever loaded first

// answered for both. Specifier spellings that differ but resolve to one file

// ('./x' and './x.js') still share a module: they meet again at the

// resolved-path lookup below, which is the identity that matters.

std::string cacheKey = baseDir + "*" + moduleName;

auto it = this->loadedModules_.find(cacheKey);

if (it != this->loadedModules_.end()) {

return it->second->Get(isolate);

}

Local<Object> moduleObj;

std::string path;

try {

path = this->ResolvePath(isolate, baseDir, moduleName);

} catch (NativeScriptException& ex) {

// Add context about the module resolution

std::string contextMsg = "Failed to resolve module: '" + moduleName + "'";

contextMsg += "\n Base directory: " + baseDir;

contextMsg += "\n Module name: " + moduleName;

contextMsg += "\n\nOriginal error:\n" + ex.getMessage();

throw NativeScriptException(isolate, contextMsg, "Error");

}

if (path.empty()) {

throw NativeScriptException(isolate, "Cannot find module '" + moduleName + "'", "Error");

}

NSString* pathStr = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:path.c_str()];

NSString* extension = [pathStr pathExtension];

if ([extension isEqualToString:@"json"]) {

isData = true;

}

auto it2 = this->loadedModules_.find(path);

if (it2 != this->loadedModules_.end()) {

return it2->second->Get(isolate);

}

if ([extension isEqualToString:@"mjs"] || [extension isEqualToString:@"js"]) {

moduleObj = this->LoadModule(isolate, path, cacheKey, options);

} else if ([extension isEqualToString:@"json"]) {

moduleObj = this->LoadData(isolate, path);

} else {

// Throw an error for unsupported file extension instead of crashing

std::string errorMsg = "Unsupported file extension: " + std::string([extension UTF8String]);

throw NativeScriptException(errorMsg);

}

return moduleObj;

}

static bool NamespaceHasOwn(Isolate* isolate, Local<Context> context, Local<Object> ns,

const char* name) {

return ns->HasOwnProperty(context, tns::ToV8String(isolate, name)).FromMaybe(false);

}

static Local<Module> RegisteredModuleForPath(Isolate* isolate, const std::string& canonicalPath) {

auto* registryPtr = ModuleRegistryFor(isolate);

if (registryPtr == nullptr) {

return Local<Module>();

}

auto it = registryPtr->find(canonicalPath);

if (it == registryPtr->end()) {

return Local<Module>();

}

return it->second.Get(isolate);

}

static Local<Value> RequireExportsForNamespace(Isolate* isolate, Local<Context> context,

Local<Object> ns, const std::string& canonicalPath) {

TryCatch tc(isolate);

if (NamespaceHasOwn(isolate, context, ns, "module.exports")) {

Local<Value> moduleExports;

if (!ns->Get(context, tns::ToV8String(isolate, "module.exports")).ToLocal(&moduleExports)) {

throw NativeScriptException(isolate, tc,

"Cannot read the 'module.exports' export of " + canonicalPath);

}

return moduleExports;

}

bool hasDefault = NamespaceHasOwn(isolate, context, ns, "default");

bool hasEsModuleMarker = NamespaceHasOwn(isolate, context, ns, "__esModule");

if (!hasDefault || hasEsModuleMarker) {

return ns;

}

Local<Module> target = RegisteredModuleForPath(isolate, canonicalPath);

if (target.IsEmpty()) {

// The load that produced this namespace registered the module under this

// very key, so a miss means the registry and the namespace disagree —

// returning the bare namespace would drop __esModule and misroute every

// transpiled consumer downstream.

throw NativeScriptException(

"require() cannot build the exports facade for " + canonicalPath +

": the module evaluated but is absent from the registry under its canonical key");

}

Local<Module> facade;

if (!GetOrCreateRequireFacade(isolate, context, target, canonicalPath).ToLocal(&facade)) {

throw NativeScriptException("Cannot build the require() exports facade for " + canonicalPath);

}

return facade->GetModuleNamespace();

}

Local<Object> ModuleInternal::LoadModule(Isolate* isolate, const std::string& modulePath,

const std::string& cacheKey,

const ModuleEvaluationOptions& options) {

Local<Object> moduleObj = Object::New(isolate);

Local<Object> exportsObj = Object::New(isolate);

Local<Context> context = isolate->GetCurrentContext();

bool success =

moduleObj->Set(context, tns::ToV8String(isolate, "exports"), exportsObj).FromMaybe(false);

if (!success) {

Log(@"Warning: Failed to set exports property on module object");

}

const PropertyAttribute readOnlyFlags =

static_cast<PropertyAttribute>(PropertyAttribute::DontDelete | PropertyAttribute::ReadOnly);

Local<v8::String> fileName = tns::ToV8String(isolate, modulePath);

success =

moduleObj->DefineOwnProperty(context, tns::ToV8String(isolate, "id"), fileName, readOnlyFlags)

.FromMaybe(false);

if (!success) {

Log(@"Warning: Failed to set id property on module object");

}

std::shared_ptr<Persistent<Object>> poModuleObj =

std::make_shared<Persistent<Object>>(isolate, moduleObj);

TempModule tempModule(this, modulePath, cacheKey, poModuleObj);

// Compile/load the JavaScript/ESM source

Local<Value> scriptValue = LoadScript(isolate, modulePath, options);

if (scriptValue.IsEmpty()) {

throw NativeScriptException(isolate, "Script loading failed for " + modulePath);

}

// Check if this is an ES module

bool isESM = IsESModule(modulePath);

if (isESM) {

// For ES modules, the returned value is the namespace object

if (scriptValue.IsEmpty()) {

throw NativeScriptException(isolate, "ES module load returned empty value " + modulePath);

}

if (!scriptValue->IsObject()) {

throw NativeScriptException(isolate, "Failed to load ES module " + modulePath);

}

Local<Value> esmExports = RequireExportsForNamespace(isolate, context, scriptValue.As<Object>(),

CanonicalizeModulePath(modulePath));

bool succ =

moduleObj->Set(context, tns::ToV8String(isolate, "exports"), esmExports).FromMaybe(false);

if (!succ) {

Log(@"Warning: Failed to set exports property after module execution");

}

tempModule.SaveToCache();

return moduleObj;

}

// Check if this is the main application bundle (webpack-style IIFE)

std::string appPath = RuntimeConfig.ApplicationPath;

std::string bundlePath = appPath + "/bundle.js";

if (modulePath == bundlePath) {

// Main application bundle is a webpack-style IIFE that executes immediately

// It doesn't return a function, so we just create an empty exports object

tempModule.SaveToCache();

return moduleObj;

}

// Classic CommonJS path – expect a factory function.

if (!scriptValue->IsFunction()) {

throw NativeScriptException(isolate,

"Expected module factory to be a function for " + modulePath);

}

v8::Local<v8::Function> moduleFunc = scriptValue.As<v8::Function>();

{

TryCatch tc(isolate);

// moduleFunc = script->Run(context).ToLocalChecked().As<v8::Function>();

if (tc.HasCaught()) {

throw NativeScriptException(isolate, tc, "Error running script " + modulePath);

}

}

std::string parentDir = [[[NSString stringWithUTF8String:modulePath.c_str()]

stringByDeletingLastPathComponent] UTF8String];

// Shorten the parentDir for GetRequireFunction to avoid V8 parsing issues with long paths

std::string shortParentDir;

if (parentDir.length() >= RuntimeConfig.ApplicationPath.length() &&

parentDir.compare(0, RuntimeConfig.ApplicationPath.length(), RuntimeConfig.ApplicationPath) ==

0) {

shortParentDir = "/app" + parentDir.substr(RuntimeConfig.ApplicationPath.length());

} else {

// Fallback: use the entire path if it doesn't start with ApplicationPath

shortParentDir = parentDir;

}

// A module's own require inherits the options it was loaded under, so a

// pumping require stays pumping — with the same deadline and timeout

// behavior — all the way down its dependency tree.

Local<v8::Function> require = GetRequireFunction(isolate, shortParentDir, options);

// Use full paths for __filename and __dirname to match module.id

Local<Value> requireArgs[5]{moduleObj, exportsObj, require,

tns::ToV8String(isolate, modulePath.c_str()),

tns::ToV8String(isolate, parentDir.c_str())};

success = moduleObj->Set(context, tns::ToV8String(isolate, "require"), require).FromMaybe(false);

if (!success) {

Log(@"Warning: Failed to set require property on module object");

}

{

TryCatch tc(isolate);

Local<Value> result;

Local<Object> thiz = Object::New(isolate);

success =

moduleFunc->Call(context, thiz, sizeof(requireArgs) / sizeof(Local<Value>), requireArgs)

.ToLocal(&result);

if (!success || tc.HasCaught()) {

Runtime* runtime = Runtime::GetRuntime(isolate);

if (tc.HasTerminated() || isolate->IsExecutionTerminating() ||

(runtime != nullptr && runtime->IsTerminationRequested())) {

throw NativeScriptException("Module evaluation interrupted by isolate termination: " +

modulePath);

}

throw NativeScriptException(isolate, tc, "Error calling module function");

}

}

tempModule.SaveToCache();

return moduleObj;

}

Local<Object> ModuleInternal::LoadData(Isolate* isolate, const std::string& modulePath) {

Local<Object> json;

std::string jsonData = tns::ReadText(modulePath);

Local<v8::String> jsonStr = tns::ToV8String(isolate, jsonData);

Local<Context> context = isolate->GetCurrentContext();

TryCatch tc(isolate);

MaybeLocal<Value> maybeValue = JSON::Parse(context, jsonStr);

if (maybeValue.IsEmpty() || tc.HasCaught()) {

std::string errMsg = "Cannot parse JSON file " + modulePath;

throw NativeScriptException(isolate, tc, errMsg);

}

Local<Value> value = maybeValue.ToLocalChecked();

if (!value->IsObject()) {

std::string errMsg = "JSON is not valid, file=" + modulePath;

throw NativeScriptException(errMsg);

}

json = value.As<Object>();

this->loadedModules_.emplace(modulePath, std::make_shared<Persistent<Object>>(isolate, json));

return json;

}

Local<Value> ModuleInternal::LoadScript(Isolate* isolate, const std::string& path,

const ModuleEvaluationOptions& options) {

std::string canonicalPath = NormalizePath(path);

if (IsESModule(canonicalPath)) {

// Treat all .mjs files as standard ES modules. require()'s default route

// cannot wait: an async graph is refused rather than pumped.

return ModuleInternal::LoadESModule(isolate, canonicalPath, options);

}

Local<Script> script = ModuleInternal::LoadClassicScript(isolate, canonicalPath);

if (script.IsEmpty()) {

throw NativeScriptException(isolate, "Classic script compilation failed for " + canonicalPath);

}

// run it and return the value with proper exception handling

Local<Context> context = isolate->GetCurrentContext();

TryCatch tc(isolate);

Local<Value> result;

if (!script->Run(context).ToLocal(&result)) {

if (RuntimeConfig.IsDebug) {

Log(@"***** JavaScript exception occurred *****");

Log(@"Error executing script: %s", canonicalPath.c_str());

if (tc.HasCaught()) {

tns::LogError(isolate, tc);

}

}

if (tc.HasCaught()) {

throw NativeScriptException(isolate, tc, "Cannot execute script " + canonicalPath);

}

throw NativeScriptException(isolate, "Script execution failed for " + canonicalPath);

}

return result;

}

Local<Script> ModuleInternal::LoadClassicScript(Isolate* isolate, const std::string& path) {

std::string canonicalPath = NormalizePath(path);

// Ensure the resolved path maps to an actual regular file before attempting

// to read/compile it. This prevents `ReadModule` from aborting the process

// when given a directory or non-existent path.

struct stat st;

if (stat(canonicalPath.c_str(), &st) != 0 || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {

throw NativeScriptException("Cannot find module " + canonicalPath);

}

auto context = isolate->GetCurrentContext();

// build URL

std::string base = ReplaceAll(canonicalPath, RuntimeConfig.BaseDir, "");

std::string url = "file://" + base;

// wrap & cache lookup

Local<v8::String> sourceText = ModuleInternal::WrapModuleContent(isolate, canonicalPath);

auto* cacheData = ModuleInternal::LoadScriptCache(canonicalPath, ScriptCacheKind::kClassicScript);

// note: is_module=false here

Local<v8::String> urlString;

if (!v8::String::NewFromUtf8(isolate, url.c_str(), NewStringType::kNormal).ToLocal(&urlString)) {

throw NativeScriptException(isolate, "Failed to create URL string for script " + canonicalPath);