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Sphinx build
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‎en/_sources/conditional_loops.txt‎

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@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ conditional loops are defined with the ``while`` statement::
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counter = 0
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while counter < 10:
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print "in the loop"
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print("in the loop")
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counter += 1
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Move until condition is met

‎en/_sources/conditionals.txt‎

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@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ Here are some simple examples::
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condition = True
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if condition:
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print "condition met"
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print("condition met")
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if not condition:
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print "condition not met"
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print("condition not met")
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direction = -30
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if direction > 0 :

‎en/_sources/logical_operators.txt‎

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@@ -18,16 +18,17 @@ It is a logical operator::
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x = False
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if not x :
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print "conditon met"
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print("conditon met")
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else:
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print "condition not met"
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print("condition not met")
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Exercise
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--------
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The turtle gives us a useful function to know if it is writing or not: ``turtle.isdown()``.
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This function returns *True* if the turtle is writing. As we have seen earlier, the function
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``penup()`` and ``pendown()`` toggle between writing while moving, or just moving without a trace.
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``turtle.penup()`` and ``turtle.pendown()`` toggle between writing while moving,
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or just moving without a trace.
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Can we write a method that only goes forward if the pen is up?
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@@ -38,26 +39,26 @@ Solution
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def stealthed_forward(distance):
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if not turtle.isdown():
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forward(distance)
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turtle.forward(distance)
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This and that or something else
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===============================
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Two easy to understand operators are ``and`` and ``or``. They do exactly whay
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the sound like: combine two statements in a way both have be true (``and``) or
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Two easy to understand operators are ``and`` and ``or``. They do exactly what
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they sound like: combine two statements in a way both have be true (``and``) or
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at least one of them has to be true (``or``)::
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if 1 < 2 and 4 > 2:
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print "condition met"
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print("condition met")
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if 1 < 2 and 4 < 10:
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print "condition not met"
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print("condition not met")
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if 4 < 10 or 1 < 2:
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print "condition met"
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print("condition met")
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You are not restricted to one logical operator. You can combine as may as you
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want.

‎en/_sources/loops.txt‎

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Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ concept in Python called looping, which we will elaborate later on. For now,
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take that easy example::
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for i in range(10):
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print "Hello!"
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print("Hello!")
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Drawing a dashed line
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=====================
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ Exercise
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--------
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Draw a dashed line. You can move the turtle without tracing a line behind you
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with the ``turtle.up()`` function; put it back on the ground with
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``turtle.down()``.
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with the ``turtle.penup()`` function; put it back on the ground with
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``turtle.pendown()``.
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.. image:: /images/dashed.png
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@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@ Solution
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for i in range(10):
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turtle.forward(15)
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turtle.up()
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turtle.penup()
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turtle.forward(5)
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turtle.down()
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turtle.pendown()
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Bonus
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-----

‎en/_sources/names.txt‎

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Original file line numberDiff line numberDiff line change
@@ -18,16 +18,16 @@ In Python syntax, that very statement translates to::
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x = 5
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After that statement, if you do ``print x``, it will actually output its value
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After that statement, if you do ``print(x)``, it will actually output its value
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--- 5. You can well use that for turtle too::
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turtle.forward(x)
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.. note:: You can not save numbers in variables, like we did here for "x", but
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you can actually save various kinds of things in them. A typical other thing
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you want to have store often is a "string" - a line of text. Strings are
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indicated with a starting and a leading \". You'll learn about this and
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.. note:: You can not only save numbers in variables, like we did here for "x",
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but you can actually save various kinds of things in them. A typical other
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thing you want to have store often is a "string" - a line of text. Strings
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are indicated with a starting and a leading \". You'll learn about this and
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other types, as those are called in Python, and what you can do with them
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later on.
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@@ -76,7 +76,12 @@ Draw a house.
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.. image:: /images/house.png
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You can calculate the length of the diagonal line with Pythagoras. That value
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is a good candidate for a name binding.
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You can calculate the length of the diagonal line with Pythagoras. That value is
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a good candidate for a name binding. To calculate the square root of a number in
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Python, import the *math* module and use the ``math.sqrt()`` function. The
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square of a number is calculated with the ``\*\*`` operator::
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import math
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c = math.sqrt(a**2 + b**2)
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‎en/_sources/simple_drawing.txt‎

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@@ -33,6 +33,16 @@ to move forward, ``turtle.left(...)`` takes a number of degrees which you want
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to rotate to the left. (There are ``turtle.backward(...)`` and
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``turtle.right(...)``, too.)
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If you put the commands into a file, you might have recognized that the turtle
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window vanishes after the turtle finished its movement. To prevent that, just
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put ``turtle.exitonclick()`` at the bottom of your file::
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import turtle
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turtle.forward(25)
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turtle.exitonclick()
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Drawing a square
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================
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