FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\E(z)

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\E(z)

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

Enhancer of zeste

Annotation Symbol

CG6502

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0000629

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

20 publicly available

Gene Summary

Enhancer of zeste (E(z)) encodes the catalytic component of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) methyltransferase that methylates histone H3 lysine27. Together with PRC1, PRC2 silences developmental genes to determine specific differentiated cell identities. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-26] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Also Known As

EZ, pco, l(3)1902, Su(z)301, polycombeotic

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

67E5-67E5

Sequence location

3L:10,634,575..10,638,130 [-]

Recombination map

3-33

RefSeq locus

NT_037436 REGION:10634575..10638130

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (22 terms)

Molecular Function (8 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (6 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables histone H3K27 methyltransferase activity

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Chen et al., 2011, Joshi et al., 2008, Ketel et al., 2005)

inferred from direct assay

(Czermin et al., 2002, Muller et al., 2002)

enables histone H3K9 methyltransferase activity

inferred from direct assay

(Czermin et al., 2002)

enables histone methyltransferase activity

inferred from direct assay

(Joshi et al., 2008, Ohno et al., 2008, Ketel et al., 2005)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Czermin et al., 2002)

enables protein binding

inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q24459

(Tie et al., 2003)

inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:P26017,UniProtKB:Q9XZ06

(Gozalo et al., 2020)

inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:P41046

(Salvaing et al., 2003)

enables protein-lysine N-methyltransferase activity

inferred from direct assay

(Sanulli et al., 2015)

enables sequence-specific DNA binding

inferred from direct assay

(Ogiyama et al., 2018)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables chromatin binding

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000768863

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

enables DNA binding

non-traceable author statement

(Czermin et al., 2002)

enables histone H3K27 methyltransferase activity

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR044439

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000768863

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

enables histone methyltransferase activity

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR045318

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Biological Process (10 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (8 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in anterior/posterior axis specification

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Simon et al., 1992)

involved_in axon guidance

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Wang et al., 2006)

involved_in facultative heterochromatin formation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Herz et al., 2012, Chen et al., 2011, Muller et al., 2002)

involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription

inferred from direct assay

(Tie et al., 2003, O'Connell et al., 2001)

involved_in neurogenesis

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Bello et al., 2007)

involved_in regulation of neuroblast proliferation

inferred from genetic interaction with UniProtKB:M9PF84

(Janssens et al., 2017)

involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Simon et al., 1992)

involved_in syncytial blastoderm mitotic cell cycle

inferred from mutant phenotype

(O'Dor et al., 2006)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in chromatin remodeling

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR045318

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

involved_in facultative heterochromatin formation

inferred by curator from GO:0035098

(Ohno et al., 2008)

inferred by curator from GO:0046976

(Joshi et al., 2008)

involved_in heterochromatin formation

inferred by curator from GO:0046974

(Czermin et al., 2002)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000768863

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription

non-traceable author statement

(Czermin et al., 2002)

Cellular Component (4 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

part_of ESC/E(Z) complex

inferred from direct assay

(Herz et al., 2012, Ohno et al., 2008, Czermin et al., 2002, Muller et al., 2002)

part_of histone methyltransferase complex

inferred from direct assay

(Ketel et al., 2005)

located_in nucleus

inferred from direct assay

(Nishioka et al., 2018, Czermin et al., 2002, Tie et al., 2001)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in chromatin

non-traceable author statement

(Czermin et al., 2002)

part_of ESC/E(Z) complex

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002907402

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

is_active_in nucleus

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000768863

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

POLYCOMB REPRESSIVE COMPLEX 2, PCL VARIANT

SET DOMAIN LYSINE METHYLTRANSFERASES

SANT-MYB DOMAIN TRANSCRIPTION REGULATORS

POLYCOMB REPRESSIVE COMPLEX 2, JARID2-JING VARIANT

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Histone-lysine methyltransferase family. EZ subfamily. (P42124)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)

histone methyltransferase activity
protein-lysine N-methyltransferase activity

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Gene Group (FlyBase)

POLYCOMB REPRESSIVE COMPLEX 2, PCL VARIANT -: The Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is a Polycomb group complex. Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase which trimethylates catalyzes the trimethylation of K27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3) which serves to recruit PRC1 and K9 of histone H3 (H3K9me3) and promotes heterochromatin formation. The PRC2 core may preferentially interact with Pcl or Jarid2 giving rise to variants. (Adapted from FBrf0188105 & FBrf0252799).
SET DOMAIN LYSINE METHYLTRANSFERASES -: SET domain lysine methyltransferases (KMTs) catalyze the addition of methyl groups to lysine residues. SET domain KMTs possess a domain that was original characterized in the D.mel KMTs Su(var)3-9, E(z) and trx. (Adapted from FBrf0216343).
SANT-MYB DOMAIN TRANSCRIPTION REGULATORS -: The SANT-MYB domain transcription regulators are essentially part of chromatin remodelling complexes and co-repressors. The SANT domain shows similarity with DNA-binding helix-turn-helix of Myb domain, and are involved in protein-protein interactions in the chromatin complexes. (Adapted from PMID:15040448).
POLYCOMB REPRESSIVE COMPLEX 2, JARID2-JING VARIANT -: The Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is a Polycomb group complex. Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase which trimethylates catalyzes the trimethylation of K27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3) which serves to recruit PRC1 and K9 of histone H3 (H3K9me3) and promotes heterochromatin formation. he PRC2 core may preferentially interact with Pcl or Jarid2 giving rise to variants. (Adapted from FBrf0188105 & FBrf0252799).

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Polycomb group (PcG) protein. Catalytic subunit of the Esc/E(z) complex, which methylates 'Lys-9' and 'Lys-27' of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene (PubMed:22354997). As part of the PRC2 complex methylates the PRC2 accessory protein Jarid2 on 'Lys-46' (PubMed:25620564). While PcG proteins are generally required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development, this protein is specifically required during the first 6 hours of embryogenesis to establish the repressed state. The Esc/E(z) complex is necessary but not sufficient for the repression of homeotic target genes, suggesting that the recruitment of the distinct PRC1 complex is also required. Required for recruitment of the PRC2 complex to chromatin and H3K27me3 histone modification (PubMed:22354997).

(UniProt, P42124)

Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)

E(z): Enhancer of zeste

Locus named after original gain-of-function allele E(z)1 (Kalisch and Rasmuson); subsequently designated polycombeotic (pco) (by Phillips and Shearn) based on phenotype of lethal homozygotes. Loss of function alleles recovered as (a) recessive lethal mutations (b) reversions of E(z)1 and (c) reversions of the antimorphic allele, E(z)59. Reduction of E(z)+ activity leads to suppression of the z eye color, whereas gain-of-function alleles are dominant enhancers of zeste eye color [i.e., z w+/Y; E(z)1/+ males have brownish eyes as do z w+/z+ w+; E(z)1/+ females]. E(z)59 an antimorphic allele, is a dominant suppressor of z [i.e. z w+; E(z)59/+ females have orange eyes]. Hemizygosity for E(z)+ produces a very mild suppression of the z eye color. No effects on eye color in z+ or za backgrounds, and effects on eye color not specific to a particular w allele. Reduction of E(z)+ activity also allows ectopic expression of the segment identity genes of the Antennapedia and bithorax gene complexes, resulting in homeotic transformations. This latter effect defines E(z) as a Polycomb-group locus. E(z)61 displays temperature-sensititive suppression of z eye color and homeotic phenotypes. At 22, z wis/Y; E(z)61/Df(3L)E(z)-males have orange eyes and no homeotic transformations. At 29, such males have wild-type red eyes and die as pharate adults with strong homeotic transformations of the mesothoracic and metathoracic legs toward the prothoracic state. Embryos produced by E(z)61 homozygous females at 29C die with homeotic transformations of most segments toward the eighth abdominal segment. Even two copies of paternally contributed E(z)+ does not rescue viability of these embryos. Complete lack of zygotically produced E(z)+ results in early pupal lethality and small imaginal disks. Larval brain squashes from individuals homozygous for an amorphic allele reveal a very low mitotic index; metaphase chromosomes irregularly condensed and fragmented (Gatti and Baker, 1989, Genes Dev. 3: 438-53).

Summary (Interactive Fly)

transcription factor - polycomb group with trithorax homology - chromatin associated - catalytic component of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) methyltransferase that methylates histone H3 lysine27 -together with PRC1, PRC2 silences developmental genes to determine specific differentiated cell identities

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\E(z) for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry P42124)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

E(z)-RA

FBtr0076279

NM_079297

2650

760

E(z)-RB

FBtr0273338

NM_001144460

2464

760

E(z)-RC

FBtr0334067

NM_001274753

2479

765

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

3.3, 2.5 (northern blot)

(Jones and Gelbart, 1993)

2.5 (northern blot)

(Mounkes et al., 1992)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

E(z)-PA

FBpp0076008

86.9

760

6.29

FBpp0271846

86.9

760

6.29

FBpp0306192

87.5

765

6.37

M9PHZ5

NP_001261682

AGB94376

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

760 aa isoforms: E(z)-PA, E(z)-PB

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

89 (kD observed)

(Carrington and Jones, 1996)

760 (aa); 87 (kD predicted)

(Jones and Gelbart, 1993)

Comments

E(z) protein was found to bind to 44 identified sites along the polytene chromosomes.

(Carrington and Jones, 1996)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Component of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2, also known as the Esc/E(Z) complex), composed of Caf1-55, esc, E(z), Su(z)12, and possibly pho (PubMed:11124122, PubMed:11581156, PubMed:12408863, PubMed:12408864, PubMed:9566901). PRC2 associates with the accessory components Jarid2 and jing to form the PRC2 Jarid2-jing variant (PRC2.2) (PubMed:22354997). PRC2 may also associate with Pcl and HDAC1/Rpd3 during early embryogenesis (PubMed:11124122, PubMed:11581156, PubMed:12408863, PubMed:12408864, PubMed:12533794, PubMed:12697833). This complex is distinct from the PRC1 complex, which contains many other PcG proteins like Pc, Ph, Psc, Su(z)2 (PubMed:12533794). The two complexes however cooperate and interact together during the first 3 hours of development to establish PcG silencing. Interacts with corto in vitro (PubMed:12771214).

(UniProt, P42124)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\E(z) using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

E(z)_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.64

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

organism

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 7 -- 8

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

anterior endoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

central brain primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

head mesoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

organism | faint | ubiquitous

(Fisher et al., 2012)

posterior endoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

trunk mesoderm

(Fisher et al., 2012)

ventral nerve cord primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

gonad

(Fisher et al., 2012)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage -- adult stage

(Jones and Gelbart, 1993)

larval stage & pupal stage

(Jones and Gelbart, 1993)

adult stage | male

(Jones and Gelbart, 1993)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

organism | ubiquitous

(Carrington and Jones, 1996)

third instar larval stage

organism | ubiquitous

(Carrington and Jones, 1996)

adult stage | male

male germline stem cell

(Chen et al., 2011)

primary gonial cell

(Chen et al., 2011)

spermatogonium

(Chen et al., 2011)

primary spermatocyte

(Chen et al., 2011)

Additional Descriptive Data

Abundant E(z) protein is observed in male germline stem cells, gonialblasts, spermatogonia, and very early spermatocytes. Protein levels drop abruptly in spermatocytes in early G2 of meiotic prophase.

(Chen et al., 2011)

E(z) protein is uniformly distributed in embryos. It is ubiquitously distributed in larvae at lower levels.

(Carrington and Jones, 1996)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

part_of ESC/E(Z) complex

inferred from direct assay

(Herz et al., 2012, Ohno et al., 2008, Czermin et al., 2002, Muller et al., 2002)

part_of histone methyltransferase complex

inferred from direct assay

(Ketel et al., 2005)

located_in nucleus

inferred from direct assay

(Nishioka et al., 2018, Czermin et al., 2002, Tie et al., 2001)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\E(z) in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\E(z)

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\E(z)

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0000629

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

39203/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0000629

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0000629

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0000629

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG6502

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0000629

Images

FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)

Show all FlyExpress processed images for Dmel\E(z)

Stages(s) 1-3
Stages(s) 4-6
Stages(s) 11-12
Stages(s) 13-16

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 104 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 29 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of E(z)

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of E(z)

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 8 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 8 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(3L)E(z)⁶⁶

(Jones and Gelbart, 1993, Mounkes et al., 1992)

Df(3L)lxd6

(Phillips and Shearn, 1990)

Df(3L)lxd15

(Phillips and Shearn, 1990)

In(3L)Ez2

(Bajusz et al., 2001, Carrington and Jones, 1996)

T(2;3)E(z)⁶⁵

(Mounkes et al., 1992)

Tp(3;3)Ubx^P20

(Phillips and Shearn, 1990)

Gene duplicated in

Dp(3;3)Ubx^P20

(Phillips and Shearn, 1990)

Gene not disrupted in

Df(3L)vin2

(Phillips and Shearn, 1990)

Inferred from location ( 5 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal (with E(z)⁶³)

E(z)⁷³¹

lethal (with E(z)⁷³¹)

E(z)⁶³

lethal | heat sensitive

lethal | maternal effect | recessive | heat sensitive

lethal | recessive | heat sensitive

lethal - all die before end of larval stage | recessive

lethal - all die before end of P-stage (with In(3L)Ez2)

E(z)^Trm

lethal - all die before end of P-stage | recessive

lethal - all die during embryonic stage | heat sensitive

E(z)⁶¹

partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

E(z)^GD11942

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

E(z)^GD11942

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

E(z)^GD11942

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

E(z)^GD11942

viable (with E(z)³²)

E(z)⁶¹

viable (with E(z)⁶⁰)

E(z)^Trm

viable (with E(z)⁶¹)

E(z)³²

viable (with E(z)^son1)

E(z)^Trm

viable (with E(z)^son2)

E(z)^Trm

viable (with E(z)^son3)

E(z)^Trm

viable (with E(z)^Trm)

Sterility

Allele

female sterile, with Scer\GAL4^nanos.PG

E(z)^HMS00066

female sterile, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.nanos.UTR}, Scer\GAL4^VP16.otu, Scer\GAL4^nanos.PG

E(z)^HMS00066

female sterile | recessive

E(z)¹²

female sterile | recessive | heat sensitive

E(z)²⁸

fertile, with E(z)⁷³¹/E(z)⁶³

fertile (with E(z)⁶³), with E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

E(z)⁷³¹

fertile (with E(z)⁶³), with E(z)^{αTub84B.EGFP}

E(z)⁷³¹

fertile (with E(z)⁷³¹), with E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

E(z)⁶³

fertile (with E(z)⁷³¹), with E(z)^{αTub84B.EGFP}

E(z)⁶³

semi-sterile

E(z)^Trm

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal body color | adult stage

E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

abnormal body color | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

E(z)^A691G.UAS

abnormal cell cycle | oogenesis, with Scer\GAL4^nanos.PG

E(z)^GL00486

abnormal circadian rhythm | adult stage | dominant

E(z)⁶³

abnormal endomitotic cell cycle, with Scer\GAL4^nanos.PG

E(z)^HMS00066

abnormal eye color

abnormal flight, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

E(z)^GD11942

abnormal mitotic cell cycle

E(z)⁵

abnormal mitotic cell cycle | embryonic stage

abnormal mitotic cell cycle | recessive

E(z)⁵

abnormal mitotic cell cycle | somatic clone

E(z)⁷³¹

abnormal neuroanatomy | somatic clone

abnormal size | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

E(z)^JF02826

abnormal size | larval stage

E(z)⁵

abnormal stress response | oogenesis, with Scer\GAL4^nanos.PG

E(z)^GL00486

bang sensitive

E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

bang sensitive, with E(z)⁷³¹/E(z)⁶³

E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

bang sensitive (with E(z)⁶³), with E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

E(z)⁷³¹

bang sensitive (with E(z)⁷³¹), with E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

E(z)⁶³

decreased cell number, with Scer\GAL4^esg.PU

decreased cell number | somatic clone

E(z)⁷³¹

decreased occurrence of cell division | larval stage

E(z)⁵

homeotic | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

E(z)^A691G.UAS

homeotic | somatic clone

E(z)⁷³¹

increased cell death | larval stage | somatic clone

E(z)⁶³

increased cell number | male, with Scer\GAL4^A3.eya

E(z)^HMS00066

increased cell number | male, with Scer\GAL4^C587

E(z)^HMS00066

increased cell number | male | heat sensitive (with E(z)⁶¹)

E(z)⁷³¹

increased cell number | male | heat sensitive (with E(z)⁷³¹)

E(z)⁶¹

increased cell number | spermatogenesis, with Scer\GAL4^C587

E(z)^HMS00066

increased occurrence of cell division | male, with Scer\GAL4^C587

E(z)^HMS00066

increased occurrence of cell division | male | heat sensitive (with E(z)⁶¹)

E(z)⁷³¹

increased occurrence of cell division | male | heat sensitive (with E(z)⁷³¹)

E(z)⁶¹

long lived | dominant

E(z)^c239

non-enhancer of variegation, with P{hsp26-pt-T}39C-5

E(z)⁵

non-suppressor of variegation, with P{hsp26-pt-T}39C-5

E(z)⁵

non-suppressor of variegation | dominant, with P{RS3}pan^CB-5204-3

E(z)⁵

non-suppressor of variegation | dominant, with P{RS5}5-HA-1902

E(z)⁵

non-suppressor of variegation | dominant, with P{RS5}5-HA-1992

E(z)⁵

non-suppressor of variegation | dominant, with T(2;3)V21-P{lacW}92E.x3

E(z)⁵

short lived

E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

short lived, with E(z)⁷³¹/E(z)⁶³

short lived (with E(z)⁶³), with E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

E(z)⁷³¹

short lived (with E(z)⁶³), with E(z)^{αTub84B.EGFP}

E(z)⁷³¹

short lived (with E(z)⁷³¹), with E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

E(z)⁶³

short lived (with E(z)⁷³¹), with E(z)^{αTub84B.EGFP}

E(z)⁶³

short lived | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

E(z)^GD11942

some die during embryonic stage | heat sensitive

E(z)⁶¹

some die during larval stage | recessive

some die during pharate adult stage (with In(3L)Ez2)

E(z)^Trm

some die during pharate adult stage | recessive

some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

E(z)^GD11942

suppressor of variegation | dominant, with In(1)w^m4

E(z)⁵

visible, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

E(z)^GD11942

visible | adult stage

E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^da.PU

E(z)^A691G.UAS

visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

E(z)^JF02826

visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^nub.PU

E(z)^A691G.UAS

visible | dominant

E(z)^Trm

visible | dominant | homeotic

E(z)⁶⁰

visible | homeotic (with E(z)³²)

E(z)⁶¹

visible | homeotic (with E(z)⁶¹)

E(z)³²

visible | recessive

visible | recessive | heat sensitive

visible | somatic clone

wild-type

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

abdominal tergite 4

E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

abdominal tergite 4, with E(z)⁷³¹/E(z)⁶³

E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

abdominal tergite 4, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

E(z)^A691G.UAS

abdominal tergite 4 (with E(z)⁶³), with E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

E(z)⁷³¹

abdominal tergite 4 (with E(z)⁷³¹), with E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

E(z)⁶³

abdominal tergite | ectopic

E(z)^Trm

adult abdominal segment 4 | ectopic

E(z)^Trm

adult abdominal segment 4 | ectopic (with E(z)⁶⁰)

E(z)^Trm

adult abdominal segment 4 | ectopic (with E(z)^Trm)

E(z)⁶⁰

adult abdominal segment 4 | ectopic (with In(3L)Ez2)

E(z)^Trm

adult abdominal segment 5

E(z)^Trm

adult abdominal segment 5 (with E(z)⁶⁰)

E(z)^Trm

adult abdominal segment 5 (with E(z)^Trm)

E(z)⁶⁰

adult abdominal segment 5 (with In(3L)Ez2)

E(z)^Trm

adult abdominal segment 5 | ectopic

E(z)^Trm

adult abdominal segment 5 | ectopic (with In(3L)Ez2)

E(z)^Trm

adult abdominal segment 6

E(z)^Trm

adult abdominal segment 6 (with In(3L)Ez2)

E(z)^Trm

adult abdominal segment 6 | ectopic

E(z)^Trm

adult abdominal segment 6 | ectopic (with In(3L)Ez2)

E(z)^Trm

adult abdominal segment 7

E(z)^Trm

adult abdominal segment 7 (with In(3L)Ez2)

E(z)^Trm

adult mesothoracic segment | ectopic

E(z)^Trm

adult mesothoracic segment | ectopic (with E(z)⁶⁰)

E(z)^Trm

adult mesothoracic segment | ectopic (with E(z)^son2)

E(z)^Trm

adult mesothoracic segment | ectopic (with E(z)^Trm)

adult metathoracic segment

E(z)^Trm

adult metathoracic segment (with E(z)⁶⁰)

E(z)^Trm

adult metathoracic segment (with E(z)^son2)

E(z)^Trm

adult metathoracic segment (with E(z)^Trm)

adult prothoracic segment

E(z)^Trm

adult prothoracic segment (with E(z)⁶⁰)

E(z)^Trm

adult prothoracic segment (with E(z)^Trm)

E(z)⁶⁰

axon | somatic clone

E(z)⁷³¹

cell cycle

E(z)⁵

CNS glial cell | ectopic | somatic clone

E(z)⁷³¹

cyst progenitor cell | increased number, with Scer\GAL4^A3.eya

E(z)^HMS00066

cyst progenitor cell | increased number, with Scer\GAL4^C587

E(z)^HMS00066

cyst progenitor cell | increased number | heat sensitive (with E(z)⁶¹)

E(z)⁷³¹

cyst progenitor cell | increased number | heat sensitive (with E(z)⁷³¹)

E(z)⁶¹

cyst progenitor cell | spermatogenesis, with Scer\GAL4^C587

E(z)^HMS00066

dendrite & dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaC | somatic clone

E(z)⁶³

egg

E(z)¹²

egg chamber

E(z)¹²

egg chamber, with Scer\GAL4^nanos.PG

E(z)^HMS00066

enteroendocrine cell | decreased number, with Scer\GAL4^esg.PU

eye, with Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

E(z)^JF02826

eye | somatic clone

E(z)^T643

eye-antennal disc

E(z)⁵

eye disc | somatic clone

E(z)^T643

eye disc morphogenetic furrow | somatic clone

E(z)^T643

female genitalia | ventral

E(z)^Trm

female germline stem cell, with Scer\GAL4^nanos.PG

E(z)^GL00486

genital disc

E(z)⁵

germarium region 2b, with Scer\GAL4^nanos.PG

E(z)^HMS00066

germinal proliferation center | spermatogenesis, with Scer\GAL4^C587

E(z)^HMS00066

haltere

E(z)^Trm

haltere disc

imaginal disc

E(z)⁵

imaginal disc | heat sensitive

E(z)¹²

imaginal disc | larval stage

E(z)⁵

karyosome, with Scer\GAL4^nanos.PG

E(z)^HMS00066

larval abdominal segment 1 | maternal effect | heat sensitive

E(z)³²

larval abdominal segment 2 | maternal effect | heat sensitive

E(z)³²

larval abdominal segment 3 | maternal effect | heat sensitive

E(z)³²

larval abdominal segment 4 | maternal effect | heat sensitive

E(z)³²

larval abdominal segment 5 | maternal effect | heat sensitive

E(z)³²

larval abdominal segment 6 | maternal effect | heat sensitive

E(z)³²

larval abdominal segment 7 | maternal effect | heat sensitive

E(z)³²

larval abdominal segment 8 | maternal effect | heat sensitive

E(z)³²

larval abdominal segment 9 | maternal effect | heat sensitive

E(z)³²

larval abdominal segment 10 | maternal effect | heat sensitive

E(z)³²

larval abdominal segment 11 | maternal effect | heat sensitive

E(z)³²

larval brain & mitosis & nuclear chromosome

E(z)⁵

larval thorax | maternal effect | heat sensitive

E(z)³²

leg

leg, with E(z)⁷³¹/E(z)⁶³

E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

leg, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

E(z)^A691G.UAS

leg (with E(z)⁶³), with E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

E(z)⁷³¹

leg (with E(z)⁷³¹), with E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

E(z)⁶³

leg | ectopic

E(z)^Trm

leg disc

E(z)⁵

male genitalia | ventral

E(z)^Trm

male germline cell, with Scer\GAL4^C587

E(z)^HMS00066

male germline cell | heat sensitive (with E(z)⁶¹)

E(z)⁷³¹

male germline cell | heat sensitive (with E(z)⁷³¹)

E(z)⁶¹

male germline stem cell | spermatogenesis, with Scer\GAL4^C587

E(z)^HMS00066

mesonotum, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

E(z)^GD11942

mesothoracic leg

mesothoracic leg & sex comb | ectopic

E(z)⁶⁰

metaphase & condensed chromosome & embryo

metathoracic leg

neuroblast | somatic clone

E(z)⁷³¹

nurse cell

E(z)¹²

nurse cell | maternal effect | heat sensitive

E(z)²⁸

oocyte nucleus, with Scer\GAL4^nanos.PG

E(z)^HMS00066

photoreceptor neuron | somatic clone

E(z)^T643

pigment cell

polytene chromosome | heat sensitive

E(z)⁶¹

posterior crossvein | adult stage | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

E(z)^A691G.UAS

postpronotum

E(z)^Trm

primary gonial cell | spermatogenesis, with Scer\GAL4^C587

E(z)^HMS00066

radial vein | adult stage | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

E(z)^A691G.UAS

segment | heat sensitive

E(z)⁶¹

sex comb

sex comb | adult stage | ectopic

E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

sex comb | adult stage | ectopic, with E(z)⁷³¹/E(z)⁶³

E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

sex comb | adult stage | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

E(z)^A691G.UAS

sex comb | adult stage | ectopic (with E(z)⁶³), with E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

E(z)⁷³¹

sex comb | adult stage | ectopic (with E(z)⁷³¹), with E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

E(z)⁶³

sex comb | ectopic

testis, with Scer\GAL4^C587

E(z)^HMS00066

testis | heat sensitive (with E(z)⁶¹)

E(z)⁷³¹

testis | heat sensitive (with E(z)⁷³¹)

E(z)⁶¹

triple row of wing sensilla | ectopic

E(z)^Trm

vibrissal bristle, with Scer\GAL4^ey.PH

E(z)^JF02826

wing | ectopic

E(z)^Trm

wing | somatic clone

wing blade posterior compartment

E(z)^Trm

wing disc

E(z)⁶¹

wing disc | somatic clone

E(z)⁶³

wing vein | adult stage | ectopic

E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

wing vein | adult stage | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^Act.PU

E(z)^UAS.cJa

wing vein | adult stage | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^da.PU

E(z)^A691G.UAS

wing vein | adult stage | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^nub.PU

E(z)^A691G.UAS

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (21)

Hsap\EZH2

13 of 14

Yes

Hsap\EZH1

12 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (18)

Rnor\Ezh2

13 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Ezh1

12 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Setmar

1 of 14

Rnor\Suv39h1l1

1 of 14

Rnor\Suv39h2

1 of 14

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (18)

Mmus\Ezh1

12 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Ezh2

12 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Setd7

2 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (12)

Xtro\ezh2

11 of 13

Yes

Xtro\ezh1

6 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (24)

Drer\ezh2

13 of 14

Yes

Drer\ezh1

12 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\setmar

1 of 14

Drer\si:dkeyp-87d1.1

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\suv39h1a

1 of 14

Drer\suv39h1b

1 of 14

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (20)

Cele\mes-2

10 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (12)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP012516

12 of 12

Yes

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (28)

Atha\CLF

10 of 13

Yes

Atha\MEA

10 of 13

Yes

Atha\SWN

10 of 13

Yes

3 of 13

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)

Scer\SET2

2 of 13

Yes

Scer\SET1

1 of 13

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (3)

Spom\set2

2 of 12

Yes

Spom\clr4

1 of 12

Spom\set1

1 of 12

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:E(z). Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (10)

ash1

1 of 13

CG4565

1 of 13

G9a

1 of 13

NSD

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

trr

1 of 13

trx

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

neurodevelopmental disorder, EZH1-related

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

E(z)^A691G.UAS

model of syndromic intellectual disability

CEA

(Jangam et al., 2023)

E(z)^{A691G.αTub84B.EGFP}

model of syndromic intellectual disability

CEA

(Jangam et al., 2023)

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

EZH2; enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit

model of Weaver syndrome

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 6 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

E(z)^HMS00066

ameliorates adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma

modeled by HTLV-1\Tax^UAS.Tag:MYC

(Akkouche et al., 2021)

E(z)⁶³

exacerbates Huntington's disease

modeled by Hsap\HTT^Q93.ex1.UAS

(Song et al., 2018)

E(z)⁷³¹

ameliorates cancer

modeled by Delta^UAS.cDa, lola^GS88A8, psq^GS88A8

(Ferres-Marco et al., 2006)

exacerbates Huntington's disease

modeled by Hsap\HTT^Q93.ex1.UAS

(Song et al., 2018)

E(z)^JF02826

ameliorates brain cancer

modeled by pros^JF02308

(Gaultier et al., 2022)

E(z)^KK102729

ameliorates brain cancer

modeled by pros^JF02308

(Gaultier et al., 2022)

E(z)^RNAi.UAS.cUa

ameliorates Vissers-Bodmer syndrome

modeled by Not1^GD4070

(Vissers et al., 2020)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

EZH2; enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit

13 of 14

601573

WEAVER SYNDROME; WVS

Weaver syndrome

EZH1; enhancer of zeste 1 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit

12 of 14

601674

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

E(z)

enzymatic study, autoradiography

(Muller et al., 2002)

E(z) - Asx

pull down, autoradiography, western blot, proximity ligation assay, fluorescence microscopy

(Li et al., 2017)

E(z) - Caf1-55

pull down, western blot, ion exchange chromatography, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, autoradiography, molecular weight estimation by staining, tandem affinity purification, Identification by mass spectrometry, chromatography technology

(Kang et al., 2015, Yuan et al., 2012, Margueron et al., 2009, Ohno et al., 2008, Ketel et al., 2005, Nekrasov et al., 2005, Czermin et al., 2002, Tie et al., 2001)

E(z) - HDAC1

pull down, autoradiography, ion exchange chromatography, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation

(Tie et al., 2003, Czermin et al., 2002, Tie et al., 2001)

E(z) - His2A

pull down, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Kalb et al., 2014)

E(z) - His3

enzymatic study, autoradiography

(Rai et al., 2013, Czermin et al., 2002, Muller et al., 2002)

E(z) - Hsp27

tandem affinity purification, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Kang et al., 2015)

E(z) - Jarid2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, multidimensional protein identification technology, tandem affinity purification, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Kang et al., 2015, Herz et al., 2012)

E(z) - Nup93-1

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Gozalo et al., 2020)

E(z) - Nup93-2

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Gozalo et al., 2020)

E(z) - Pc

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Poux et al., 2001)

E(z) - Pcl

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, experimental knowledge based, tandem affinity purification, Identification by mass spectrometry, two hybrid, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, pull down, autoradiography

(Kang et al., 2015, Rhee et al., 2014, Tie et al., 2003, O'Connell et al., 2001)

E(z) - Rbf

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Lee et al., 2010)

E(z) - Rbf2

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Lee et al., 2010)

E(z) - SMC5

tandem affinity purification, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Kang et al., 2015)

E(z) - Sce

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Fereres et al., 2014)

E(z) - Scm

tandem affinity purification, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Kang et al., 2015)

E(z) - Sirt1

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, pull down, autoradiography, molecular sieving

(Furuyama et al., 2004)

E(z) - Su(var)205

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Cabrera et al., 2015)

E(z) - Su(var)3-3

bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy

(Lv et al., 2024)

E(z) - Trl

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Lomaev et al., 2017)

E(z) - bon

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Godneeva et al., 2023)

E(z) - corto

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, pull down, autoradiography, two hybrid

(Peng et al., 2016, Salvaing et al., 2003)

E(z) - esc

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, chromatography technology, molecular weight estimation by staining, pull down, autoradiography, molecular sieving, western blot, tandem affinity purification, Identification by mass spectrometry, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, two hybrid, experimental knowledge based, ion exchange chromatography

E(z) - escl

pull down, western blot, molecular sieving, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, molecular weight estimation by staining, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, autoradiography

(Kurzhals et al., 2008, Ohno et al., 2008)

E(z) - jing

tandem affinity purification, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Kang et al., 2015)

E(z) - pho

two hybrid, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, pull down, autoradiography

(Gilbert et al., 2024, Wang et al., 2004, Poux et al., 2001)

E(z) - piwi

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Peng et al., 2016)

RNA-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

E(z) - lncRNA:CR46337

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr

(Herzog et al., 2014)

E(z) - lncRNA:roX2

pull down, anti tag western blot, cross-linking study

(Li et al., 2025)

E(z) - mbf1

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, quantitative reverse transcription pcr

(Nishioka et al., 2018)

E(z) - pcm

ribonuclease assay, molecular weight estimation by staining

(Nishioka et al., 2018)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

E(z)

enhanceable

ash1

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

enhanceable

ash2|ash1

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

suppressible

Asx

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

enhanceable

Asx

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

enhanceable

aurA

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

enhanceable

brm

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

enhanceable

dom

(Ruhf et al., 2001)

E(z)

suppressible

E(Pc)

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

enhanceable

E(Pc)

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

suppressible

(Eun et al., 2014)

suppressible

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

enhanceable

(Ma et al., 2018)

suppressible

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

enhanceable

kto

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

suppressible

Mi-2

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

enhanceable

Nsf2

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

suppressible

Nsf2

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

enhanceable

osa

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

suppressible

osa

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

suppressible

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

suppressible

Pcl

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

suppressible

pho

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

suppressible

ph-p

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

enhanceable

Pp1-87B

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

suppressible

Pp1-87B

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

enhanceable

Psc

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

suppressible

Psc

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

suppressible

Sce

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

suppressible

Scm

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

enhanceable

Sirt1

(Furuyama et al., 2004)

E(z)

suppressible

skd

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

suppressible

sls

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

suppressible

Snr1

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

enhanceable

Snr1

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

suppressible

Su(var)2-1

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

suppressible

sxc

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

enhanceable

Trl

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

suppressible

Trl

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

suppressible

vtd

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

E(z)

enhanceable

vtd

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

ash1|trx

enhanceable

E(z)

(Gildea et al., 2000)

suppressible

(Lv et al., 2024)

enhanceable

(Kodjabachian et al., 1998)

suppressible

E(z)

(Melnikova et al., 1996)

Delta|lola|psq

suppressible

E(z)

(Ferres-Marco et al., 2006)

E(Pc)

enhanceable

E(z)

(Feng et al., 2017)

esc

enhanceable

E(z)

(Campbell et al., 1995)

eya

suppressible

E(z)

(Tian et al., 2019)

gcm

enhanceable

E(z)

(Popkova et al., 2012)

Marcal1

suppressible

E(z)

(Morimoto et al., 2016)

mxc

enhanceable

E(z)

(Saget et al., 1998, Docquier et al., 1996)

nanos

suppressible

E(z)

(Pelegri and Lehmann, 1994)

suppressible

(Tie et al., 2009)

suppressible

(Vissers et al., 2020)

numb

enhanceable

E(z)

(Rajan et al., 2023)

enhanceable

E(z)

(Campbell et al., 1995)

Psc

enhanceable

E(z)

(Nishioka et al., 2018)

sens

suppressible

E(z)

(Anderson et al., 2011)

Snr1

enhanceable

E(z)

(Marenda et al., 2004)

trx|brm

enhanceable

E(z)

(Gildea et al., 2000)

Utx

suppressible

E(z)

(Herz et al., 2010)

suppressible

E(z)

(Netter et al., 1998, Peterson et al., 1994)

suppressible

E(z)

(Peterson et al., 1994, Jones and Gelbart, 1993, Jones and Gelbart, 1990, Wu et al., 1989)

enhanceable

E(z)

(Jones and Gelbart, 1990, Kalisch and Rasmuson, 1974)

z|g

enhanceable

E(z)

(Lloyd et al., 2002)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

(UniProt, P42124 )

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

64582

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0000629

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

39203

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

39203

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.

P42124

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

3-33

Cytogenetic map

67E5-67E5

Sequence location

3L:10,634,575..10,638,130 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

67E5-67E5

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(3)L0539^L0539&P{PZ}Dhh1^rL562 and P{PZ}simj⁰¹⁸¹⁴

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

67E3-67E4

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Phillips and Shearn, 1993)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-33

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-26.8

(Comeron et al., 2012)

3-34.25 +/- 0.5

(Bajusz et al., 2001)

3-30.9

(Gatti and Baker, 1989)

3-30.9 +/- 0.7

(Shearn et al., 1978)

3-34.0

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Genetic map position contradicts cytological map position.

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (20)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

50279

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GMR46H03-GAL4}attP2

71065

w¹¹¹⁸; P{R46H03-p65.AD}attP40

69588

w¹¹¹⁸; P{R46H03-GAL4.DBD}attP2

53665

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GMR46H03-lexA}attP40/CyO

27993

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF02826}attP2

31617

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF01402}attP2

27149

y¹ w^*; P{EP}E(z)^G4251

6502R-3

6502R-4

v107072

v27645

w¹¹¹⁸ P{GD11942}v27645

v27646

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD11942}v27646/TM3

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones (17)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (36)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

LD30505

Other clones

DPiM_LD30505

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0000629

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0000629

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Erokhin et al., 2023, Nishioka et al., 2018, Ogiyama et al., 2018, Lomaev et al., 2017, Iovino et al., 2013, Gambetta et al., 2009, Tie et al., 2001, Carrington and Jones, 1996)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

DNA-protein interactions: genome-wide binding profile assayed for E(z) protein in Kc167 cells; see Chromatin_types_NKI collection report. Individual protein-binding experiments listed under "Samples" at GEO_GSE22069 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE22069).

(Filion et al., 2010)

E(z) is required for normal neuroblast proliferation in postembryonic central nervous system development.

(Bello et al., 2007)

dsRNA has been made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene. RNAi of E(z) causes an increase in branch number and an expansion of the receptive field of class I neurons. RNAi also causes defects in muscle, defects in dendrite morphogenesis and reproducible defects in da dendrite development.

(Parrish et al., 2006)

E(z) is a Polycomb group protein.

(Muller et al., 2002)

esc protein, together with that of E(z), is present in a 600kD complex that is distinct from complexes containing other PcG proteins. The complex also includes the Rpd3 and Caf1 proteins.

(Tie et al., 2001)

Evidence of physical interaction between esc and E(z) in vitro and in vivo and coimmunoprecipitation in vivo suggests the proteins are direct partners in Pc-G mediated repression and this relationship has been evolutionarily conserved.

(Jones et al., 1998)

The gene products of esc and E(z) bind directly to each other and co-localize at multiple chromosomal sites.

(Tie et al., 1998)

E(z) protein is ubiquitously distributed in embryonic and larval nuclei and binds many of the same polytene chromosome nuclei as other Pc-G proteins. Lack of E(z) protein activity disrupts chromosome binding by trx protein.

(Carrington and Jones, 1996)

Although E(z) has been classified as a member of the Polycomb group of genes, it can also be classified as a member of the trithorax group. The requirement for E(z) activity as either a trithorax group or Polycomb group gene depends on the homeotic selector gene locus as well as on spatial and temporal cues.

(LaJeunesse and Shearn, 1996)

In an effort to subdivide the Pc-group genes functionally, the phenotypes of adult flies heterozygous for every pairwise combination of Pc-group mutation were examined. Genetic interactions have been demonstrated between esc, Asx, E(Pc), Pcl, E(z) and sxc. Most duplications of Pc-group genes neither exhibit anterior transformations nor suppress the extra sex comb phenotype of Pc-group mutations, suggesting that not all Pc-group genes behave as predicted by the mass action model. Duplications of E(z) enhance homeotic phenotypes of esc mutants.

(Campbell et al., 1995)

Sections of the Scr regulatory region may be important for regulation of Scr by Polycomb- and trithorax-group genes.

(Gindhart and Kaufman, 1995)

E(z) activity is required for expression in the imaginal discs of Antp, Ubx, Scr and en. E(z) mutations exhibit interallelic non-complementation with ash1 mutations.

(LaJeunesse and Shearn, 1995)

E(z) mutations can express phenotypes characteristic of mutations in the trx-group of genes. Loss of function for E(z) during early development results in homeotic gene expression defects reminiscent of a trx-group mutation, while loss later in development results in gene expression defects characteristic of a Pc-group mutation.

(LaJeunesse and Shearn, 1995)

The effect of mutations in the E(z) locus on mutagenesis in the y^2ns sc^me double superunstable system has been analysed.

(Elagin et al., 1994)

The intensity of trx binding to larval salivary gland polytene chromosomes is strongly decreased in larvae carrying mutations in E(z).

(Kuzin et al., 1994)

A screen for suppressors of nos mutations identified alleles of E(z). E(z) is a negative transcriptional regulator of kni and gt and is required to maintain their expression domain initiated by the maternal hb gradient. A small region of the kni promoter mediates regulation by E(z) and hb. Imprinting at the chromatin level may underlie the determination of anteroposterior polarity in the early embryo.

(Pelegri and Lehmann, 1994)

Molecular analysis of the E(z) gene.

(Jones and Gelbart, 1993)

The association of the Psc and Su(z)2 proteins with the chromosomes is dependent on the presence of active E(z) protein.

(Rastelli et al., 1993)

The bithorax complex genes are regulated by the Pc group of genes, acting via 'Pc group response elements' (PREs), that can work even when removed from the normal bithorax complex context. The Pc group products apparently provide stable memory or imprinting of boundaries which are specified by gap and pair-rule regulators.

(Simon et al., 1993)

Embryos mutant for two or more Pc group genes (Pc, Scm, Pcl, Psc, Asx, E(Pc), E(z), ph-d, pho and esc) show strong ectopic en expression, but only weak derepression occurs if embryo is mutant at only one of the Pc group genes. This effect is independent of the function of en itself, and wg.

(Moazed and O'Farrell, 1992)

Mutations of genes in the polycomb group (esc, E(z), Pc, ph-p, ph-d, Scm, Pcl, Sce, Asx, Psc, pho and Antp) cause abnormal segmental development due to the ectopic expression of abd-A and Abd-B. Embryos lacking both maternal and zygotic E(z) product were generated to determine abd-A and Abd-B expression patterns.

(Simon et al., 1992)

Reduction of E(z)⁺ activity suppresses the z¹ eye colour. Maternally and zygotically produced E(z)⁺ activity is required to correctly regulate the segment identity genes during embryonic and imaginal development.

(Jones and Gelbart, 1990)

E(z) locus is involved in the suppression of the z¹ eye colour and is also associated with homeotic transformations.

(Wu et al., 1989)

Locus named after original gain-of-function allele E(z)¹ (Kalisch and Rasmuson, 1974); subsequently designated polycombeotic (pco) (by Phillips and Shearn, 1980) based on phenotype of lethal homozygotes. Loss of function alleles recovered as (a) recessive lethal mutations (b) reversions of E(z)¹ and (c) reversions of the antimorphic allele, E(z)⁵⁹. Reduction of E(z)⁺ activity leads to suppression of the z eye color, whereas gain-of-function alleles are dominant enhancers of zeste eye color <up>i.e., z w⁺/Y; E(z)¹/+ males have brownish eyes as do z w⁺/z⁺ w⁺; E(z)¹/+ females</up>. E(z)⁵⁹ an antimorphic allele, is a dominant suppressor of z <up>i.e. z w⁺; E(z)⁵⁹/+ females have orange eyes</up>. Hemizygosity for E(z)⁺ produces a very mild suppression of the z eye color. No effects on eye color in z⁺ or z^a backgrounds and effects on eye color not specific to a particular w allele. Reduction of E(z)⁺ activity also allows ectopic expression of the segment identity genes of the Antennapedia and bithorax gene complexes, resulting in homeotic transformations. This latter effect defines E(z) as a Polycomb-group locus. E(z)⁶¹ displays temperature-sensitive suppression of z eye color and homeotic phenotypes. At 22^oC, z w^is/Y; Hemizygous E(z)⁶¹ males have orange eyes and no homeotic transformations. At 29^oC, such males have wild-type red eyes and die as pharate adults with strong homeotic transformations of the mesothoracic and metathoracic legs toward the prothoracic state. Embryos produced by E(z)⁶¹ homozygous females at 29^oC die with homeotic transformations of most segments toward the eighth abdominal segment. Even two copies of paternally contributed E(z)⁺ does not rescue viability of these embryos. Complete lack of zygotically produced E(z)⁺ results in early pupal lethality and small imaginal discs. Larval brain squashes from individuals homozygous for an amorphic allele reveal a very low mitotic index; metaphase chromosomes irregularly condensed and fragmented (Gatti and Baker, 1989).

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: l(3)ds12 l(3)SG17

(Shearn, 1995.5.3)

Additional comments

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: E(z) CG6502

(Zhang, 1999.11)

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (27)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG6502

(Ward and Moehring, 2021, Hosono et al., 2015, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Ni et al., 2008, Klebes et al., 2005)

E(Z)

(Fangninou et al., 2024, Zhimulev et al., 2024, Melnikova and Golovnin, 2023, Kang et al., 2022, Ramirez Moreno et al., 2021, Srinivasan and Mishra, 2020, Decourcelle et al., 2019, Wang et al., 2018, Monribot-Villanueva et al., 2017, L Black et al., 2016, Bajusz et al., 2015, Na et al., 2015, Robert et al., 2015, Grossniklaus and Paro, 2014, Herzog et al., 2014, Ho et al., 2014, Mulvey et al., 2014, Tie et al., 2014, Steffen et al., 2013, Follmer et al., 2012, Greer and Shi, 2012, Tie et al., 2012, Wen et al., 2012, Demakov et al., 2011, Islam et al., 2011, Kharchenko et al., 2011, Vatolina et al., 2011, Vatolina et al., 2011, Filion et al., 2010, Mills, 2010, Schwartz et al., 2010, Suganuma and Workman, 2010, Wang et al., 2010, Bartkuhn et al., 2009, Braunschweig et al., 2009, Margueron et al., 2009, Joshi et al., 2008, Kurzhals et al., 2008, Ohno et al., 2008, Srinivasan et al., 2008, Grewal and Elgin, 2007, Schwartz and Pirrotta, 2007, Tie et al., 2007, Tie et al., 2007, Grimaud et al., 2006, Kahn et al., 2006, Salvaing et al., 2006, Schwartz et al., 2006, Wang et al., 2006, Wang et al., 2006, Chopra and Mishra, 2005, de la Cruz et al., 2005, Tie et al., 2005, Taylor-Harding et al., 2004, Furuyama et al., 2003, Kurzhals and Harte, 2003, Orlando, 2003, Chang et al., 2002, Tie, 2002, Furuyama et al., 2001, Hart et al., 2001, Tie et al., 2001, Ng et al., 2000, Ng et al., 2000, Rusch and Kaufman, 2000, Wang et al., 2000)

E(z)

(Bonnet et al., 2026, Fitz-James et al., 2025, Fitz-James et al., 2025, Kyrchanova et al., 2025, Li et al., 2025, Martinez, 2025, Bamgbose and Tulin, 2024, Brown et al., 2024, Gilbert et al., 2024, Lv et al., 2024, Seif and Francis, 2024, Veneti et al., 2024, Wen et al., 2024, Bharti et al., 2023, Brown et al., 2023, Cabrita and Martinho, 2023, Erokhin et al., 2023, Godneeva et al., 2023, Jangam et al., 2023, Lundkvist et al., 2023, McPherson et al., 2023, Pang et al., 2023, Rajan et al., 2023, Yang et al., 2023, Bernués et al., 2022, Bi et al., 2022, Feijão et al., 2022, Fischer et al., 2022, Gaultier et al., 2022, Kang et al., 2022, Richards et al., 2022, Shaposhnikov et al., 2022, Torres-Campana et al., 2022, Akkouche et al., 2021, Bilder et al., 2021, Chaouch and Lasko, 2021, Chaouch et al., 2021, Chetverina et al., 2021, Erokhin et al., 2021, Ghotbi et al., 2021, Hagen et al., 2021, Lindehell et al., 2021, Lucas et al., 2021, Moutaoufik and Tanguay, 2021, Pang et al., 2021, Ponrathnam et al., 2021, Soni et al., 2021, Vidaurre and Chen, 2021, Ward and Moehring, 2021, Barbour et al., 2020, Chetverina et al., 2020, DeLuca et al., 2020, Ghotbi et al., 2020, Gozalo et al., 2020, Gulati et al., 2020, Kuroda et al., 2020, Liu et al., 2020, Loubiere et al., 2020, Meyer-Nava et al., 2020, Morgan and Shilatifard, 2020, Parkhitko et al., 2020, Vissers et al., 2020, Berlandi et al., 2019, Blice-Baum et al., 2019, Bonnet et al., 2019, Cheutin and Cavalli, 2019, Jiang et al., 2019, Leatham-Jensen et al., 2019, Luhur et al., 2019, Moskalev et al., 2019, Parey and Crombach, 2019, Sang Cho et al., 2019, Sneppen and Ringrose, 2019, Umer et al., 2019, Alhaj Abed et al., 2018, Cho et al., 2018, Dasari et al., 2018, Davis and Rebay, 2018, Kennerdell et al., 2018, Lv et al., 2018, Ma et al., 2018, Nishioka et al., 2018, Ogiyama et al., 2018, Rojas-Ríos and Simonelig, 2018, Sadasivam and Huang, 2018, Song et al., 2018, Zhu et al., 2018, Coleman and Struhl, 2017, Feng et al., 2017, Janssens et al., 2017, Kang et al., 2017, Li et al., 2017, Lomaev et al., 2017, Sharma et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Zenk et al., 2017, Zhang et al., 2017, Zouaz et al., 2017, Du et al., 2016, Goto et al., 2016, Kahn et al., 2016, Li et al., 2016, Lv et al., 2016, Morimoto et al., 2016, Peng et al., 2016, Piunti and Shilatifard, 2016, Shih et al., 2016, Xia et al., 2016, Zhang et al., 2016, Cesarini et al., 2015, Dequéant et al., 2015, Dietz et al., 2015, Ghasemi et al., 2015, Kang et al., 2015, Lee et al., 2015, McKay et al., 2015, model organism Encyclopedia of Regulatory Network (modERN) Project, 2015-, Singh and Mishra, 2015, Yung et al., 2015, Comoglio and Paro, 2014, Gambetta and Müller, 2014, Gonzalez et al., 2014, Herz et al., 2014, Kim et al., 2014, McElroy et al., 2014, Ost et al., 2014, Rhee et al., 2014, Slattery et al., 2014, Stern et al., 2014, Yan et al., 2014, Aloia et al., 2013, Bengani et al., 2013, Collins and Moon, 2013, Debruhl et al., 2013, Di Croce and Helin, 2013, Iovino et al., 2013, Kwon et al., 2013, Lo Sardo et al., 2013, Mason-Suares et al., 2013, Mulero et al., 2013, Pengelly et al., 2013, Rai et al., 2013, Smith et al., 2013, Vasanthi et al., 2013, Cuddapah et al., 2012, Feller et al., 2012, Hainaut et al., 2012, Herz et al., 2012, Lanzuolo and Orlando, 2012, Matzat et al., 2012, McEachern, 2012, Petruk et al., 2012, Popkova et al., 2012, Sakoparnig et al., 2012, Stepanik and Harte, 2012, Stern et al., 2012, Takács et al., 2012, Yuan et al., 2012, Zhai et al., 2012, Anderson et al., 2011, Cavalli, 2011, Chen et al., 2011, Islam et al., 2011, Katsuyama and Paro, 2011, Kirilly et al., 2011, Nowak et al., 2011, Pruteanu-Malinici et al., 2011, Rodriguez-Jato et al., 2011, Toku et al., 2011, Gandille et al., 2010, Gan et al., 2010, Gan et al., 2010, Herz et al., 2010, Lee et al., 2010, Saj et al., 2010, Siebold et al., 2010, Wilkinson et al., 2010, Chen and Rasmuson-Lestander, 2009, Classen et al., 2009, Gambetta et al., 2009, Gambetta et al., 2009, Khan et al., 2009, Phalke et al., 2009, Tie et al., 2009, Chen et al., 2008, Chen et al., 2008, Fanti et al., 2008, Fujioka et al., 2008, Joshi et al., 2008, Matyunina et al., 2008, Savla et al., 2008, Zhang et al., 2008, Bello et al., 2007, de Ayala Alonso et al., 2007, Goodliffe et al., 2007, Mishra et al., 2007, Nekrasov et al., 2007, Parrish et al., 2007, Ringrose and Paro, 2007, Schuettengruber et al., 2007, Simmons et al., 2007, Klymenko et al., 2006, Maeda and Karch, 2006, Muller and Kassis, 2006, Papp and Muller, 2006, Parrish et al., 2006, Talbert and Henikoff, 2006, Wang et al., 2006, Andreyeva et al., 2005, Brown et al., 2005, Dillon et al., 2005, Kalmykova et al., 2005, Ketel et al., 2005, Lam et al., 2005, Nekrasov et al., 2005, Ali and Bender, 2004, Breiling et al., 2004, Marin, 2003, Huang et al., 2002, Joanis and Lloyd, 2002, Wicker-Thomas and Jallon, 2000)

E(z)1

(Naumova et al., 2000, Paro, 1990)

(Fereres et al., 2014, Deal et al., 2010, Weber et al., 2010, Henikoff et al., 2009, Mito et al., 2007, Craig, 2005, Orlando and Jones, 2002, Poux et al., 2001)

EZH1/2

(Margueron and Reinberg, 2011)

EZH2

(Michieletto et al., 2018, Robert et al., 2015)

E[z]

(van Lohuizen, 1999)

(Smith et al., 2013, Nègre et al., 2011, Guertin and Lis, 2010, Doheny et al., 2008, Bhadra et al., 2007, Zuckerkandl, 1999)

Ezh2

(Cakouros and Gronthos, 2019)

Su(z)301

(Docquier et al., 1996, Melnikova et al., 1996, Pirrotta, 1990)

dE(z)

(Ullah et al., 2022)

l(3)1902

(Gatti and Baker, 1989, Ripoll et al., 1987, Shearn et al., 1978)

l(3)67Fa

(Jones and Gelbart, 1990)

l(3)B12

l(3)SG17

l(3)ds12

pco

(Fauvarque et al., 1995, Moazed and O'Farrell, 1992, Paro, 1990, Phillips and Shearn, 1990, Pirrotta, 1990)

pco/E(z)

Name Synonyms

Enhancer of Zeste

(Giraud et al., 2021, Comoglio and Paro, 2014, McEachern, 2012, Stern et al., 2012, Gan et al., 2010, Lee et al., 2010, Braunschweig et al., 2009, Bienz, 2006, Huang et al., 2002)

Enhancer-of-Zeste

(Petruk et al., 2012, Henikoff et al., 2009)

Enhancer-of-zeste

(Schneider et al., 2002)

enhancer of zest

(Smith et al., 2013)

enhancer of zeste

(Rhee et al., 2014, Deal et al., 2010, Fanti et al., 2008, Leatherman and Jongens, 2003)

enhancer-of-zeste

(Michieletto et al., 2018, Weber et al., 2010)

polycombeotic

(Netter et al., 1998, Phillips and Shearn, 1990)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0004710

Datasets (2)

Study focus (2)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

transgene_used

FBGSE22069

genome binding

Protein profiling reveals five principal chromatin types in Drosophila cells.

bait_protein

modENCODE_chromatin_proteins_cells

genome binding

Genome-wide localization of chromosomal proteins in cell lines by ChIP-chip and ChIP-Seq.

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 61 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

39203

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

P42124

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

P42124

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

M9PHZ5

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

P42124

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0000629

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

39203/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0000629

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0000629

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0000629

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG6502

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

39203

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

64582

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0000629

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0000629

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0000629

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

E(z)_1

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0000629

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0000629

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG6502

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0000629

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0000629

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC003094

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

39203

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

39203

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.

P42124

References (598)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

-0.64

Report Sections