Chapter 8. Translation, Authority, and the Valorization of the Vernacular
The Aesthetics of Communication: Sterility and Fertility in the Conte del Graal Cycle
Singing the Crusades: French and Occitan Lyric Responses to the Crusading Movements, 1137–1336 by Linda Paterson, and: Literature of the Crusades ed. by Simon Thomas Parsons and Linda M. Paterson
The Roman de Renart,atwelfth-and thirteenth-century collection of short narrativesf eaturing the ... more The Roman de Renart,atwelfth-and thirteenth-century collection of short narrativesf eaturing the tricks and exploits of Renart the fox, has as ubstantial legacy in modernc ulture, with its titular hero having become part of the canon of children'sl iteraturei nF rench.¹ The material'sc o-optioni nto the institution of patrimoine is signalled by its inclusion on the French educational curriculum at various levels from CP (six years old) up to 5 ème (twelve years old). Similarly, a2003 CD recordingofseventeen Renart tales narrated by the actor Jean Rochefort advertises itself as "recommandé par toutel ap resse pédagogique" [recommended by educational publishers], with one reviewer describing the Renart as "cet incontournable oeuvred estinée àl aj eunesse" [that essential work written for children].² Yett his privileged position within the sphere of educational literatures its rather awkwardlyf or anym edievalist familiar with the original narratives. The medieval Renart is at ransgressive,d angerous beast of at ext, which revels in the immorality of its anti-hero. It portrays aworld wheresuperior intelligenceallows characters to manipulate and exploit others, and wheregood intentions seldom go unpunished. An umber of the narratives(known individuallya sbranches)r evolve around the rape by Renart of the wolf Hersent,wife of his uncle,r ecurringa ntagonist and favourite victim Ysengrin. One branch narrates the event itself, whilst others staget rial scenes in which Ysengrin, the king (a lion named Noble) and others attempt to bring Renart to justice. The incorporation of the Roman de Renart into the heart of the French cultural establishmentc an therefore feelalittle like one more of the fox'st ricks. The misfit between the medieval and modern Renart made it imperativet o reshape the literary material if it weretoserveaschildren'sliterature.Thisarticle focuses on what might be considered the founding act of this process of adaptation, atranslation of the text into modernFrench by the medievalist Paulin Paris All quotations of the Renart aret akenf romt he partial and accessible edition by Dufournet and Méline (1985, 2v ols) unless specified otherwise, and formulated as branch number (in Roman) followed by line numbers (in Arabic). References to branch numbersa nd titles use the terminology of Varty (1988-1991,I ,l l. 7-12). Review from L'Enseignement,c ited at <https://www.fremeaux.com/index.php?page=shop. product_details&category_id=10&flypage=shop.flypage&product_id=666&option=com_virtue mart>.
Chapter 8. Translation, Authority, and the Valorization of the Vernacular
A Companion to Medieval Translation, 2018
Poétique de la nomination dans la lyrique médiévale: ‘Mult volentiers me numerai’. Par Madeleine Jeay
French Studies, 2017
Language, Morality, and Wordplay in Thirteenth-Century Anglo-French: The Poetry of Walter de Bibbesworth
Language, Morality, and Wordplay in Thirteenth-Century Anglo-French
Marisa Galvez, The Subject of the Crusade: Lyric, Romance and Materials, 1150 to 1500. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2020. Pp. 280; color plates and black-and-white plates. $90. ISBN: 978-0-2266-9321-7
Speculum, 2022
Pour Une Poétique De L'implicitation: Cristal et Clarie Ou L'art De Faire Du Neuf Avec De L'ancien
Medium Aevum, 2016
Translation, Authority, and the Valorization of the Vernacular
Companion to Medieval Translation, 2019
This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from JSTOR via the DOI in ... more This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from JSTOR via the DOI in this record.
Controlar el dolor postoperatorio influye en la recuperación funcional evitando complicaciones. E... more Controlar el dolor postoperatorio influye en la recuperación funcional evitando complicaciones. En Ecuador no existen esquemas analgésicos, utilizándose según preferencias médicas, recursos y organización institucional. Tener guías, garantiza un alivio adecuado del dolor, reduce insatisfacción y malos recuerdos terapéuticos y asistenciales. Objetivo. Determinar el manejo farmacológico del dolor postoperatorio, analgésico, dosis y tiempo de respuesta, en el hospital Homero Castanier, 2011. Material y métodos. Estudio descriptivo, muestra de 350 pacientes postoperados, excluyendo menores de 10 y mayores de 75 años, enfermos mentales, inconscientes y no participantes. Resultados. El promedio de edad es 36,08 años, predomina el sexo femenino, las intervenciones más realizadas son de Cirugía General y Gineco-Obstetricia, 66,9% son electivas. La dipirona a 2,5 g es el más usado en los periodos operatorios. Según el EVA, el promedio de dolor aceptable (escala 0 a 3) es 78,06%, dolor moderado (escala 4 a 7) es 20,6% y dolor intenso (escala 8 a 10) es 1,2% en los tres momentos postoperatorios. Conclusiones. La analgesia postoperatoria en el Hospital Homero Castanier, se maneja con AINES más frecuentemente (Dipirona 2,5 gr); narcóticos en segundo lugar, con un alto porcentaje de dolor aceptable (EVA 0-3).
Chrétien de Troyes’ Lancelot, ou le Chevalier de la charrette: Courtly Love
Handbook of Arthurian Romance, Jan 26, 2017
This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from De Gruyter via the UR... more This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from De Gruyter via the URL in this record.
The early thirteenth century saw an explosion in the production of Arthurian romance in French. T... more The early thirteenth century saw an explosion in the production of Arthurian romance in French. The motif of the Grail, which first appeared in Chrétien de Troyes's unfinished Conte del Graal (¿•.1180-95), proved a particularly fertile source of inspiration. The best-known development of the motif is in the Vtilgate (or Lancelot-Grail) Cycle of prose romances, which traces the story of the Grail from its involvement with the Crucifixion through its appearance in the Arthurian world, to its final disappearance from the world along with the perfect Christian knight Galaad, leaving Arthur's realm devoid of grace and doomed to destruction. The association of the Grail with the Crucifixion seems to have been the idea of the authors of another cycle, often referred to as the 'Little Grail Cycle', which is attributed within the text to Robert de Boron. Its three constituent texts (Joseph, Merlin, and the Yiiàot-Perceval) survive in prose; a verse counterpart of the first part, and of a fragment of the second, also exist.' A further ramification to spring from Chretien's text, and perhaps the least well known, is the corpus of four continuations and two prologues with which it is usually found in surviving codices, which extend the narrative from its initial 9,000 verses to a total (in the longest manuscript) of around 60,000 lines. I have argued elsewhere that the resultant narrative may fruitfully be studied as another Grail cycle, which I refer to as the Conte del Craal Cycle.T he continuations have not benefited from the same level of interest as Chretien's originary romance. Perceived as lacking in unit}' and unfaithful to the spirit of Chretien's text, they also discourage investigation by their very length.' Within this already under-studied corpus, the Elucidation prologue appears doubly marginal: its 484 lines are dwarfed by the rest of the narrative, and it is included in only one of the extant Conte del Craal Cycle manuscripts. Little surprise, then, if it has received less scholarly attention than almost any other Arthurian narrative in French.'' Its own editor describes it as 'pedestrian in style, confused in motivation, and ... garbled in transmission'.' Yet, I wül argue in this article, the idiosyncrasies of this apparently slight text shed a surprising amount of light on the aesthetics of medieval narrative in general, and of French Arthurian romance in particular.
Anglo-French in the Thirteenth Century: A Reappraisal of Walter de Bibbesworth's <em>Tretiz</em>
The Modern Language Review, 2017
This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from the Modern Humanities... more This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from the Modern Humanities Research Association (MHRA) via the DOI in this record.The Tretiz of Walter de Bibbesworth has become an increasingly important touchstone in discussions of the position of French in medieval England. Yet the usual account of this text – as a functional defence of French in the face of the rise of English – relies on an adversarial model of language contact that does not reflect recent discoveries about medieval multilingualism in general and Anglo-French bilingualism in particular. Against this standard account, the present article argues that the Tretiz reflects an increasing confidence in the social and literary potential of French writing in the thirteenth century.Manuscript research used in this article was funded by the Neil Ker Memorial Fund
The Conte du Graal Cycle: Rereading the Evolution of Arthurian Verse Romance
The Conte du Graal Cycle: Authorship, Kinship and the Ethics of Continuation
Conceptualizing Medieval Book Collections
French Studies, 2016
This article argues for a conceptual distinction between the practices and ideologies of institut... more This article argues for a conceptual distinction between the practices and ideologies of institutional learning on the one hand (whose natural vehicle was Latin, the language of formal education) and those of a vernacular written culture that both challenges and models itself on the former. The garden, used as a figure for the ideal library by Richard de Fournival in the thirteenth century, creates order through the institutionalization of knowledge and the exclusion of undesirable elements. By contrast, the forest is deployed by medieval and modern thinkers to embody a wild, unsorted chaos apparently inimical to learning. And yet the forest in medieval literature functions as a margin always in contact with civilization, whose illicit danger is matched by its attractiveness as a space for unplanned encounters and reconfigurations of hierarchy and authority. As I demonstrate, an analogous concern with the potential for book collections to lead readers to unexpected discoveries is a recurrent theme of vernacular authors from Benoît de Sainte-Maure to Chaucer. This conceptual approach to the function and cultural value of medieval libraries offers a supplementary perspective to more traditional ‘book archaeology’, one which may be especially fruitful for making sense of the often fragmentary and vague records of private ownership.
Littérature narrative et identité culturelle en Occitanie au moyen âge
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