tar

See also: Appendix:Variations of "tar"

Languages (25)

Translingual • English

---

Aromanian • Asturian • Azerbaijani • Chungli Ao • Hungarian • Indonesian • Irish • Karaim • Karakalpak • Maltese • Manx • Middle English • Mizo • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old Irish • Pali • Polish • Portuguese • Romanian • Sumerian • Swedish • Yola

---

Page categories

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of English Tarahumara.

Symbol

tar

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Central Tarahumara.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Central Tarahumara terms

English

WOTD – 22 May 2007

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /tɑː/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /tɑɹ/, [tʰɑɻ], [tʰɑɹ]

  • Audio (US):

    (file)

• Audio (General Australian):

  (file)

• (Ireland) IPA^(key): /tæːɹ/
• Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)

Etymology 1

PIE word
*dóru

From Middle English ter, terr, tarr, from Old English teoru, from Proto-West Germanic *teru, from Proto-Germanic *terwą, from Proto-Indo-European *derwo-, from *dóru (“tree”).

See also Saterland Frisian Taar, West Frisian tarre, tar, Dutch teer, German Teer; also Welsh derw (“oaks”), Lithuanian dervà (“pinewood, resin”), Russian де́рево (dérevo, “tree”), Bulgarian дърво́ (dǎrvó, “tree”). More at tree.

Noun

tar (countable and uncountable, plural tars)

2. (usually uncountable) A black, oil, sticky, viscous substance, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons derived from organic materials such as wood, peat, or coal.
   2. Coal tar.
   3. (uncountable) (often typeset "tar" in USA) A solid residual byproduct of tobacco smoke.
4. (slang, dated) A sailor (because of the traditional tarpaulin clothes).

   Synonyms: Jack Tar, Jack tar, jacktar, jack, tarpaulin

   • 1723, Jonathan Swift, To Charles Mordaunt, Earl of Peterborough‎^[2]:

     Shines in all climates like a star; In senates bold, and fierce in war; A land commander, and a tar.

   • 1851, Herman Melville, Moby Dick:

     a ruminating tar was […] adorning [the wooden settle] with his jack-knife, […] trying his hand at a ship under full sail.

   • 1915, W. McMann, “Our Picture Show”, in Western Evening Herald:

     If there's one man that I admire, that man's a British tar.

6. (uncountable) Ellipsis of black tar heroin.

Derived terms

Terms derived from tar (noun)

• Archangel tar
• Athabasca tar sands
• beat the tar out of
• birch tar
• black as tar
• black tar
• coal tar
• gas tar
• green tar
• Jack Tar
• jacktar
• juniper tar
• mineral tar
• pine tar
• pitch-tar
• slow as tar
• spoil the ship for a hap'orth of tar
• Stockholm tar
• tar baby
• tar-black
• tar board
• tar boil
• tarbrush
• tarbucket
• tarcrete
• tar derby
• Tar Heel
• tarlike
• tarmac
• tarmacadam
• tarpaper
• tar paper
• tarpaulin
• tar pit
• tarpit
• tarpot
• tarrish
• tarry
• tar sand
• tarseal
• tar spot
• tar water
• tarweed
• the tackies hit the tar
• touch of the tar brush
• wood tar

Translations

substance

• Albanian: zift (sq) m
• Altai:

  Southern Altai: тӧгӧт (tögöt)

• Arabic: قَطْرَان m (qaṭrān)
• Aramaic:

  Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: please add this translation if you can

• Armenian: կուպր (hy) (kupr)
• Asturian: alquitrán m
• Azerbaijani: qatran (az)
• Basque: mundrun
• Belarusian: дзёгаць m (dzjóhacʹ), гудро́н m (hudrón), смала́ f (smalá)
• Bulgarian: катра́н (bg) m (katrán)
• Burmese: ကတ္တရာစေး (my) (katta.race:)
• Catalan: quitrà (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 焦油 (zh) (jiāoyóu)

• Czech: dehet (cs) m
• Danish: tjære (da) c
• Dutch: teer (nl) m or n
• Esperanto: gudro
• Estonian: tõrv
• Faroese: tjøra f
• Finnish: terva (fi)
• French: goudron (fr) m
• Galician: alcatrén m, alcatrón m, chapapote (gl) m, galipote f, piche (gl) m, brea (gl) f, breu m
• Georgian: კუპრი (ka) (ḳuṗri)
• German: Teer (de) m
• Greek: πίσσα (el) f (píssa), κατράμι (el) n (katrámi)
• Hebrew: זֶפֶת (he) (zéfet)
• Hindi: तारकोल (hi) m (tārkol)
• Hungarian: kátrány (hu)
• Icelandic: tjara f
• Ingrian: terva
• Irish: tarra m
• Italian: catrame (it) m, bitume (it) m
• Japanese: 乾留液 (かんりゅうえき, kanryūeki), タール (ja) (tāru)
• Kazakh: қарамай (qaramai), гудрон (gudron)
• Khmer: ចុង (km) (cong)
• Korean: 수지 (ko) (suji), 타르 (tareu)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: قەتران (qetran)

  Northern Kurdish: qîr (ku) f, qetran (ku) f

• Kyrgyz: карамай (karamay), дёготь (dyogot), гудрон (gudron)
• Lao: ນ້ຳມັນດິນ (nam man din)
• Latgalian: daguts m
• Latvian: darva (lv) f
• Lithuanian: dervà f, degùtas m
• Macedonian: катран m (katran)
• Māori: tā
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: tjære (no) m or f

  Nynorsk: tjære f, tjøre f

• Ojibwe: bigiw
• Pashto: قطران m (qetrān), تارکول (ps) m (tārkól)
• Persian:

  Iranian Persian: قَطْران (fa) (ġatrân), کَتْران (fa) (katrân), کُرْف (fa) (korf)

• Polish: dziegieć (pl) m, smoła (pl) f
• Portuguese: alcatrão (pt) m
• Romanian: gudron (ro) n
• Russian: дёготь (ru) m (djógotʹ), гудро́н (ru) m (gudrón), смола́ (ru) m (smolá)
• Sami:

  Northern Sami: darvi

• Sango: godoröo (sg)
• Scottish Gaelic: teàrr f, bìth f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ка̀тран m

  Latin: kàtran (sh) m

• Sicilian: catramu m, bitumi m
• Slovak: decht (sk) m
• Slovene: katran m
• Spanish: alquitrán (es) m, galipote m, chapopote (es) m, chapapote (es) m
• Swedish: tjära (sv) c
• Tagalog: ayangaw, alkitran (tl)
• Tajik: қатрон (qatron), гудрон (gudron)
• Tamil: தார் (ta) (tār)
• Thai: น้ำมันดิน (th) (nám-man-din)
• Tibetan: please add this translation if you can
• Turkish: katran (tr)

  Ottoman Turkish: قطران (katran), قیر (kir)

• Turkmen: garaýag
• Ukrainian: дьо́готь m (dʹóhotʹ), гудро́н m (hudrón), смола́ f (smolá)
• Urdu: تارْکول m (tārkol)
• Uyghur: please add this translation if you can
• Uzbek: gudron (uz), qatron (uz)
• Vietnamese: hắc ín (vi)
• Welsh: tar m
• Yiddish: פּעך (pekh)

coal tar

• Belarusian: смала́ f (smalá)
• Bulgarian: смола́ (bg) f (smolá)
• Burmese: ကတ္တရာစေး (my) (katta.race:)
• Catalan: quitrà de carbó m
• Czech: uhelný dehet
• Dutch: koolteer (nl)
• Esperanto: gudro
• Finnish: kivihiiliterva (fi)
• Greek: πίσσα (el) f (píssa)
• Icelandic: tjara f
• Italian: catrame (it) m
• Khmer: ជ័រទឹក (cɔətɨk)
• Latin: pix f
• Macedonian: катран m (katran)
• Māori: tā
• Persian: قطران (fa) (qatrân)
• Polish: smoła (pl) f
• Portuguese: alcatrão (pt) m
• Russian: смола́ (ru) m (smolá), каменноу́гольная смола́ f (kamennoúgolʹnaja smolá)
• Scottish Gaelic: teàrr f, bìth f
• Slovak: smola (sk) f
• Spanish: alquitrán (es) m, chapopote bituminoso m, chapopote hullero m, alquitrán carbonoso m
• Swedish: tjära (sv) c
• Ukrainian: смола́ f (smolá)

byproduct of tobacco smoke

• Catalan: quitrà (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 焦油 (zh) (jiāoyóu)

• Czech: dehet (cs) m
• Dutch: teer (nl)
• Esperanto: gudro
• Estonian: tõrv
• Finnish: terva (fi)
• French: goudron (fr) m
• German: Teer (de) m
• Greek: πίσσα (el) f (píssa)
• Icelandic: tjara f
• Italian: catrame (it) m
• Japanese: 脂 (ja) (やに, yani)
• Macedonian: катран m (katran)
• Māori: tā
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: tjære (no) m or f

  Nynorsk: tjære f, tjøre f

• Polish: smoła (pl) f
• Portuguese: alcatrão (pt) m
• Russian: смола́ (ru) m (smolá)
• Spanish: alquitrán (es) m
• Swedish: tjära (sv) c

sailor

• Finnish: pikipöksy
• German: Teerjacke f
• Icelandic: sjóari m, sjómaður (is) m
• Italian: marinaio (it) m
• Portuguese: marujo (pt) m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: морнар m

  Latin: mornar (sh) m

• Swedish: beckbyxa
• Welsh: dyn môr m

Verb

tar (third-person singular simple present tars, present participle tarring, simple past and past participle tarred)

1. (transitive) To coat with tar.
2. (transitive) To besmirch.

   The allegations tarred his name, even though he was found innocent.

   • 1995, Paul Robinson, The Gate Contracts:

     Dr. Sign: In fact, maybe you think I should get credit, but if I do, Dr. Frendall will be scorned. You know why
     Dr. Ellsworth: Yes, I know. Your critics will tar him with the same brush as you.

Derived terms

• retar
• tar and feather
• tar out
• tar with the same brush, tar with the same stick (dated)
• untarred

Translations

to coat with tar

• Catalan: enquitranar (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: please add this translation if you can

• Danish: tjære (da)
• Esperanto: gudri
• Estonian: tõrvama
• Finnish: tervata (fi)
• German: teeren (de)
• Greek: πισσώνω (el) (pissóno)
• Hebrew: זִפֵּת (he) m (zipét)
• Icelandic: tjarga
• Ingrian: tervata
• Irish: tarráil, tarra a chur ar
• Italian: catramare (it), incatramare, calafatare (it), bitumare (it)
• Macedonian: катраносува (katranosuva)
• Portuguese: alcatroar (pt)
• Russian: ма́зать дёгтем (mázatʹ djógtem)
• Spanish: alquitranar (es)
• Swedish: tjära (sv)
• Turkish: katranlamak (tr)

  Ottoman Turkish: قطرانلامق (katranlamak), زفتلمك (ziftlemek)

Etymology 2

Abbreviation of tape archive.

Noun

tar (plural tars)

1. (computing) A program for archiving files, common on Unix systems.
2. (computing) A file produced by such a program.

Derived terms

• tarball
• tarbomb
• tarfile

Translations

a file produced by an archiving program

• Icelandic: tar-skrá f
• Portuguese: tar (pt) m

Verb

tar (third-person singular simple present tars, present participle tarring, simple past and past participle tarred)

1. (computing, transitive) To create a tar archive.

Antonyms

• untar

Derived terms

• untar

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Persian تار (târ). Doublet of tantra.

Alternative forms

• tār

Noun

tar (plural tars)

2. A Persian long-necked, waisted string instrument, shared by many cultures and countries in the Middle East and the Caucasus.
   • 2008 May 30, The New York Times, “Pop and Rock Listings”, in The New York Times‎^[3], archived from the original on 9 April 2022:

     MOHAMMAD REZA SHAJARIAN (Thursday) Renowned in his native Iran, the vocalist Mohammad Reza Shajarian has been performing since the 1960s, and is now widely considered one of the finest classical Persian singers in the world. Mr. Shajarian’s son, Homayoun Shajarian, will provide additional vocals and tombak (goblet drum), while Ensemble Ava, a four-piece, will contribute additional instrumentation on the ancient Persian instruments barbat (short-necked lute), tar (long-necked lute), kamancheh (spike fiddle) and daf (frame drum).

Translations

Persian musical instrument

• Armenian: թառ (hy) (tʻaṙ)
• Azerbaijani: tar (az)
• Finnish: tar (fi)
• Georgian: თარი (ka) (tari)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: تار (tar)

  Northern Kurdish: tar (ku)

• Macedonian: тар m (tar)
• Persian: تار (fa) (târ)
• Russian: тар (ru) (tar)
• Tajik: тор (tor)
• Turkish: tar (tr)
• Uzbek: tor (uz)

See also

• Appendix:Glossary of chordophones

Etymology 4

Etymology tree

Arabic طار (ṭār)bor.

English tar

Borrowed from Arabic طار (ṭār).

Noun

tar (plural tars)

1. A single-headed round frame drum originating in North Africa and the Middle East.

See also

• Appendix:Glossary of membranophones

References

• 2001. Drum Circle: A Guide to World Percussion. Chalo Eduardo, Frank Kumor. Pg. 18.

Etymology 5

Noun

tar (plural tars)

1. Alternative form of tara (“Indian coin”).

Anagrams

• RAT, TRA, ART, ATR, art, RTA, rat, Rat, rta, Art, tra, 'rat, 'art, art.

Aromanian

Noun

tar m (plural tari)

1. donkey

Synonyms

• gumar/yumar, shonj/shonjiu, cãci, tãronj/tãroanji, uci, uricljat, dãnglãrã, dãngã

Derived terms

• tãronj

Asturian

Alternative forms

• estar (archaic)
• 'star, star (obsolete, in front of vowels)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Leonese estar, from Latin stāre. Compare Spanish estar, Aragonese estar, Galician estar, Portuguese estar, Catalan estar.

Verb

tar

1. to be (referring to geographical place)
2. to be (referring to something temporary)
3. to be (for use in constructing continuous verb forms)

   tas xugando ― you are playing

Conjugation

Conjugation of tar

infinitive		tar
gerundive		tando
participle		m [Term?], f [Term?], n tao, m pl [Term?], f pl [Term?]
person		first singular yo	second singular tu	third singular él/elli	first plural nosotros/nós	second plural vosotros/vós	third plural ellos
indicative	present	to toi	tas	ta	tamos	tais	tán
	imperfect	taba	tabes	taba	tábamos ~ tábemos	tabais ~ tabeis	taben
	preterite	tuvi tevi	tuvisti tuviesti	tuvo tevo	tuvimos tuviemos	tuvistis tuviestis	tuvieron
	pluperfect	tuviera ~ tuviere	tuvieras ~ tuvieres	tuviera ~ tuviere	tuviéramos ~ tuviéremos	tuvierais ~ tuviereis	tuvieran ~ tuvieren
	future	taré	tarás	tará	taremos	taréis	tarán
	conditional	taría	taríes	taría	taríamos ~ taríemos	taríais ~ taríeis	taríen
subjunctive	present	tea	teas	tea	teamos	teáis	tean
	imperfect	tuviera ~ tuviere	tuvieras ~ tuvieres	tuviera ~ tuviere	tuviéramos ~ tuviéremos	tuvierais ~ tuviereis	tuvieran ~ tuvieren
imperative			ta			tai

• Reference: http://www.academiadelallingua.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Gramatica_Llingua.pdf

Derived terms

• ¡tate!
• ta bien
• tar a
• tar de
• tar en que
• tar pa

See also

• ser

Further reading

• “tar”, in Diccionariu de la llingua asturiana [Dictionary of the Asturian Language] (in Asturian), 1st edition, Academy of the Asturian Language [Asturian: Academia de la Llingua Asturiana], 2000, →ISBN
• Xosé Lluis García Arias (2002–2004), “tar”, in Diccionario general de la lengua asturiana [General Dictionary of the Asturian Language] (in Spanish), Editorial Prensa Asturiana, →ISBN

Azerbaijani

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian تار (târ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tɑr]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

tar (definite accusative tarı, plural tarlar)

1. tar

Declension

Declension of tar

	singular	plural
nominative	tar	tarlar
definite accusative	tarı	tarları
dative	tara	tarlara
locative	tarda	tarlarda
ablative	tardan	tarlardan
definite genitive	tarın	tarların

Possessive forms of tar

	nominative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	tarım	tarlarım
sənin (“your”)	tarın	tarların
onun (“his/her/its”)	tarı	tarları
bizim (“our”)	tarımız	tarlarımız
sizin (“your”)	tarınız	tarlarınız
onların (“their”)	tarı or tarları	tarları
	accusative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	tarımı	tarlarımı
sənin (“your”)	tarını	tarlarını
onun (“his/her/its”)	tarını	tarlarını
bizim (“our”)	tarımızı	tarlarımızı
sizin (“your”)	tarınızı	tarlarınızı
onların (“their”)	tarını or tarlarını	tarlarını
	dative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	tarıma	tarlarıma
sənin (“your”)	tarına	tarlarına
onun (“his/her/its”)	tarına	tarlarına
bizim (“our”)	tarımıza	tarlarımıza
sizin (“your”)	tarınıza	tarlarınıza
onların (“their”)	tarına or tarlarına	tarlarına
	locative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	tarımda	tarlarımda
sənin (“your”)	tarında	tarlarında
onun (“his/her/its”)	tarında	tarlarında
bizim (“our”)	tarımızda	tarlarımızda
sizin (“your”)	tarınızda	tarlarınızda
onların (“their”)	tarında or tarlarında	tarlarında
	ablative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	tarımdan	tarlarımdan
sənin (“your”)	tarından	tarlarından
onun (“his/her/its”)	tarından	tarlarından
bizim (“our”)	tarımızdan	tarlarımızdan
sizin (“your”)	tarınızdan	tarlarınızdan
onların (“their”)	tarından or tarlarından	tarlarından
	genitive
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	tarımın	tarlarımın
sənin (“your”)	tarının	tarlarının
onun (“his/her/its”)	tarının	tarlarının
bizim (“our”)	tarımızın	tarlarımızın
sizin (“your”)	tarınızın	tarlarınızın
onların (“their”)	tarının or tarlarının	tarlarının

Chungli Ao

Etymology

From Proto-Central Naga *a-(h)rə.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /taɾ˧/, [taɾ˧]

Noun

tar

1. intestine

Further reading

• Bruhn, Daniel Wayne (2014), A Phonological Reconstruction of Proto-Central Naga‎^[4], Berkeley: University of California, pages 91-92, 206
• Clark, Mary M. (1893), Ao Naga grammar with illustrative phrases and vocabulary, Molung: Assam Secretariat Printing Office, page 132

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowing from an Oghur language, before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries), from Proto-Turkic *tāŕ (“bald”). Cognates include Turkish dazlak (“bald”), Karakhanid تازْ (tāz, “bald”), and Middle Mongol [script needed] (tarasun, “bald”), the latter perhaps a Turkic borrowing too.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtɒr]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɒr

Adjective

tar (not comparable)

1. bald

   Synonym: kopasz

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	tar	tarok
accusative	tart	tarokat
dative	tarnak	taroknak
instrumental	tarral	tarokkal
causal-final	tarért	tarokért
translative	tarrá	tarokká
terminative	tarig	tarokig
essive-formal	tarként	tarokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	tarban	tarokban
superessive	taron	tarokon
adessive	tarnál	taroknál
illative	tarba	tarokba
sublative	tarra	tarokra
allative	tarhoz	tarokhoz
elative	tarból	tarokból
delative	tarról	tarokról
ablative	tartól	taroktól
non-attributive possessive – singular	taré	taroké
non-attributive possessive – plural	taréi	tarokéi

Derived terms

• tarol

Further reading

• tar in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈtar/ [ˈt̪ar]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ar
• Syllabification: tar

Etymology 1

Unknown.

Noun

tar (plural tar-tar)

1. alternative spelling of tir (chess pieces)

Etymology 2

Onomatopoeic.

Noun

tar (plural tar-tar)

1. (onomatopoeic) whipping sound

Etymology 3

From Dutch taart, from Middle Dutch tāerte, from Old French tarte.

Noun

tar (plural tar-tar)

1. (cooking) a type of cake

   Synonym: kue tar

Alternative forms

• tart [tat] (Standard Malay)

Etymology 4

From English tar, from Proto-Germanic *terwą, from Proto-Indo-European *derwo-. Doublet of ter and tir.

Noun

tar (plural tar-tar)

1. tar, the solid residual byproduct of tobacco smoke

Usage notes

Other definition of tar translated into ter or tir.

Etymology 5

Noun

tar (plural tar-tar)

1. (colloquial) apheretic form of sebentar

Further reading

• “tar”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish do·icc. The imperative is from a related verb, do·airicc.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t̪ˠɑɾˠ/, /t̪ˠaɾˠ/

Verb

tar (present analytic tagann, future analytic tiocfaidh, verbal noun teacht, past participle tagtha)

1. to come

   Tiocfaidh ár lá.

   Our day will come.

2. to survive, pull through

   Bhí a ndeartháir ar leaba an bháis, ach tháinig sé.

   Their brother was on his deathbed, but he pulled through.

   Bádh a hathair agus tháinig a máthair.

   Her father drowned and her mother survived.

Conjugation

Conjugation of tar (irregular)

indicative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present	tagaim	tagann tú; tagair†	tagann sé, sí	tagaimid; tagann muid	tagann sibh	tagann siad; tagaid†	a thagann; a thagas	tagtar
past	tháinig mé; thánag	tháinig tú; thángais	tháinig sé, sí	thángamar; tháinig muid	tháinig sibh; thángabhair	tháinig siad; thángadar	a tháinig	thángthas
past habitual	thagainn / tagainn‡	thagtá / tagtá‡	thagadh sé, sí / tagadh sé, sí‡	thagaimis; thagadh muid / tagaimis‡; tagadh muid‡	thagadh sibh / tagadh sibh‡	thagaidís; thagadh siad / tagaidís‡; tagadh siad‡	a thagadh	thagtaí / tagtaí‡
	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	tiocfaidh mé; tiocfad	tiocfaidh tú; tiocfair†	tiocfaidh sé, sí	tiocfaimid; tiocfaidh muid	tiocfaidh sibh	tiocfaidh siad; tiocfaid†	a thiocfaidh, a thiocfas	tiocfar
conditional	thiocfainn / tiocfainn‡	thiocfá / tiocfá‡	thiocfadh sé, sí / tiocfadh sé, sí‡	thiocfaimis; thiocfadh muid / tiocfaimis‡; tiocfadh muid‡	thiocfadh sibh / tiocfadh sibh‡	thiocfaidís; thiocfadh siad / tiocfaidís‡; tiocfadh siad‡	a thiocfadh	thiocfaí / tiocfaí‡
subjunctive	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present	go dtaga mé; go dtagad†	go dtaga tú; go dtagair†	go dtaga sé, sí	go dtagaimid; go dtaga muid	go dtaga sibh	go dtaga siad; go dtagaid†	—	go dtagtar
past	dá dtagainn	dá dtagtá	dá dtagadh sé, sí	dá dtagaimis; dá dtagadh muid	dá dtagadh sibh	dá dtagaidís; dá dtagadh siad	—	dá dtagtaí
imperative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third
—	tagaim	tar	tagadh sé, sí	tagaimis	tagaigí; tagaidh†	tagaidís	—	tagtar
past participle	tagtha
verbal noun	teacht

^† archaic or dialect form
^‡ dependent form

Forms based on the stem tig- (e.g. tigim and tig/tigeann) are found in Ulster, North Mayo and parts of Munster; in at least some of these varieties there may also be spontaneous lenition to thig etc. even in environments where no lenition is expected. Forms based on the stem teag- (e.g. teagaim, teagann) are found in parts of Connacht.

The present analytic tig is particularly common in tar le (“be able”).

The obsolete present subjunctive tí is now found only in the preposition go dtí (“to, toward, up to, until”).

Alternative forms of the second-person singular imperative include tair in Munster, teighre in Aran, teara in Connemara, and gabh in Ulster.

Derived terms

• tar amach
• tar ar
• tar i bhfeidhm
• tar le
• tar slán

Mutation

Mutated forms of tar

radical	lenition	eclipsis
tar	thar	dtar

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Karaim

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *t(i)ār.

Adjective

tar

1. narrow

References

• N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “tar”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN

Karakalpak

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *t(i)ār.

Adjective

tar

1. narrow

References

• N. A. Baskakov, editor (1958), “тар”, in Karakalpaksko-Russkij Slovarʹ [Karakalpak-Russian Dictionary], Moscow: Akademija Nauk Uzbekskoj SSR, →ISBN

Maltese

Root
t-j-r
9 terms

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic طَارَ (ṭāra)

Maltese tar

Inherited from Arabic طَارَ (ṭāra).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /taːr/
• Rhymes: -aːr

Verb

tar (imperfect jtir, verbal noun tajran)

1. to fly
   • 1970, Anton Buttigieg, “Fil-Ġnien”, in Fl-Arena:

     Ta’ ferħ u serħ imlietni, u bħall-għasafar
     u l-friefet jien għamilt: minn fjur għal fjur
     ħsiebi tar bħal farfett, taħt siġra kbira
     qalbi fesdqet il-għana bħal għasfur.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. to be quick

Conjugation

Conjugation of tar (Form I)

positive forms
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
perfect	m	tirt	tirt	tar	tirna	tirtu	taru
	f			taret
imperfect	m	ntir	ttir	jtir	ntiru	ttiru	jtiru
	f			ttir
imperative			tir			tiru

Manx

Etymology

From Old Irish do·icc.

Verb

tar (verbal noun çheet, simple past haink, future hig, conditional harragh)

1. to come

   Haink ee er etlan.

   She came by plane.

Conjugation

Conjugation of tar

		first		analytical
		singular	plural
future	independent	higym	higmayd	hig
	dependent	jigym	jigmayd	jig
	relative	(no future relative form)
conditional	independent	harrin	harragh
	dependent	darrin	darragh
past		haink
verbal noun		çheet
past participle		(no past participle form)

Derived terms

• tar er-ash (“return”)

Middle English

Etymology 1

Noun

tar

1. alternative form of tare (“vetch”)

Etymology 2

Determiner

tar

1. (chiefly Northern dialectal) alternative form of þeir

Mizo

Etymology

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *tar.

Adjective

tar

1. old

Further reading

• Lorrain, J. Herbert (1940), “tar”, in Dictionary of the Lushai language, Calcutta: Asiatic Society

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

tar

1. present of ta

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

tar

1. present of ta

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• dar

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *taras, from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂és, from the root *terh₂- (“to cross”).

The voiced variant dar is the original one, since *t in proclitics regularly became d in Old Irish. Tar with a voiceless initial consonant is analogical after its conjugated forms.

Preposition

tar (with accusative)

1. over, across
2. by (in oaths)

Inflection

Inflection of tar

	Person:		normal	emphatic
singular	first		thorom, thorum	thoromsa, thorumsa
	second		torut	torutsu
	third m or n	dative
		accusative	tarais
	third f	dative
		accusative	tairse
plural	first		torunn+	torunni
	second		toraib
	third	dative
		accusative	tairsiu

Forms combined with the definite article:

• tarsin (masculine/feminine singular)
• tarsa (neuter singular)
• tarsna (plural all genders)

Forms combined with a possessive determiner:

• tarm(u), darm (first person singular)
• t(a)ra, dara (third person)

Forms combined with the relative particle:

• tar(s)a·, dara·

Derived terms

• tar cenn
• tairm-

Descendants

• Irish: thar
• Manx: har, harrish
• Scottish Gaelic: thar

Further reading

• Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) [1909], D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, translation of Handbuch des Alt-Irischen (in German), →ISBN, §§ 434, 854, pages 273, 530–31; reprinted 2017
• Pedersen, Holger (1913), Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen [Comparative Grammar of the Celtic Languages] (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 150

Pali

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit तॄ (tṝ).

Root

tar (Pali name tara)

1. to cross

Derived terms

Verbs

• tarati
• tareti
• uttarati

Nouns

• taraṇa

Adjectives

• uttara

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtar/
• Rhymes: -ar
• Syllabification: tar

Noun

tar f

1. genitive plural of tara

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• tá (Brazil)

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈta(ʁ)/ [ˈta(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈta(ʁ)/ [ˈta(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ˈta(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈta(ʁ)/ [ˈta(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /ˈta(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈtaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈtaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈta.ɾi/

• Rhymes: -aɾ

Verb

tar

1. (chiefly Portugal) clipping of estar
   • 1983, Manuel da Costa Fontes, Romanceiro da Ilha de São Jorge, Universidade de Coimbra, page 236:

     Eu tou aqui nesta serra

     I’m here in this mountain chain

Conjugation

    Conjugation of tar (irregular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	tar
Personal	tar	tares	tar	tarmos	tardes	tarem
Gerund
	tando
Past participle
Masculine	tado			—
Feminine	—			—
Indicative
Present	tou	tás	tá	tamos	tais	tão
Imperfect	tava	tavas	tava	távamos	táveis	tavam
Preterite	tive	tiveste	teve	tivemos	tivestes	tiveram
Pluperfect	tivera	tiveras	tivera	tivéramos	tivéreis	tiveram
Future	tarei	tarás	tará	taremos	tareis	tarão
Conditional	taria	tarias	taria	taríamos	taríeis	tariam
Subjunctive
Present	teja	tejas	teja	tejamos	tejais	tejam
Imperfect	tivesse	tivesses	tivesse	tivéssemos	tivésseis	tivessem
Future	tiver	tiveres	tiver	tivermos	tiverdes	tiverem
Imperative
Affirmative		tá	teja	tejamos	tai	tejam
Negative (não)		não tejas	não teja	não tejamos	não tejais	não tejam

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Hungarian tár.

Noun

tar m (plural taruri)

1. unit of measurement for weights

Declension

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	tar	tarul	taruri	tarurii
genitive-dative	tar	tarului	taruri	tarurilor
vocative	tarule		tarurilor

Sumerian

Romanization

tar

1. romanization of 𒋻 (tar)

Swedish

Verb

tar

1. present indicative of ta

Anagrams

• art

Yola

Etymology

From Middle English tar, from Old English teoru, from Proto-West Germanic *teru.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tar/

Noun

tar

1. tar
   • 1927, “YOLA ZONG O BARONY VORTH”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 132, line 10:

     Aal haar, an wi eyen lik torches o tar?"

     "All hair, and with eyes like torches of tar,"

References

• Kathleen A. Browne (1927), “THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD.”, in Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of lreland (Sixth Series)‎^[5], volume 17, number 2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page 132