pljuvati

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Cognate with Bulgarian плюя (pljuja), Slovene pljuvati, Russian плевать (plevatʹ), Slovak pľuť. Non-Slavic cognates include Ancient Greek πτύω (ptúō), Gothic 𐍃𐍀𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 (speiwan), Albanian shpif, Sanskrit ष्ठीवति (ṣṭhīvati, “to spit”), Old Armenian թուք (tʻukʻ).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pʎûʋati/
Hyphenation: plju‧va‧ti

Verb

pljȕvati impf (Cyrillic spelling пљу̏вати)

(ambitransitive) to spit

Conjugation

Conjugation of *pljuvati*
		singular			plural
infinitive		pljuvati
present verbal adverb		pljȕjūći
past verbal adverb		—
verbal noun		pljȕvānje

		1^st	2^nd	3^rd	1^st	2^nd	3^rd
present		pljujem	pljuješ	pljuje	pljujemo	pljujete	pljuju
future	future I	pljuvat ću¹ pljuvaću	pljuvat ćeš¹ pljuvaćeš	pljuvat će¹ pljuvaće	pljuvat ćemo¹ pljuvaćemo	pljuvat ćete¹ pljuvaćete	pljuvat ćē¹ pljuvaće
future	future II	bȕdēm pljuvao²	bȕdēš pljuvao²	bȕdē pljuvao²	bȕdēmo pljuvali²	bȕdēte pljuvali²	bȕdū pljuvali²
past	perfect	pljuvao sam²	pljuvao si²	pljuvao je²	pljuvali smo²	pljuvali ste²	pljuvali su²
	pluperfect³	bȉo sam pljuvao²	bȉo si pljuvao²	bȉo je pljuvao²	bíli smo pljuvali²	bíli ste pljuvali²	bíli su pljuvali²
	imperfect	pljuvah	pljuvaše	pljuvaše	pljuvasmo	pljuvaste	pljuvahu
conditional	conditional I	pljuvao bih²	pljuvao bi²	pljuvao bi²	pljuvali bismo²	pljuvali biste²	pljuvali bi²
conditional	conditional II⁴	bȉo bih pljuvao²	bȉo bi pljuvao²	bȉo bi pljuvao²	bíli bismo pljuvali²	bíli biste pljuvali²	bíli bi pljuvali²
imperative		—	pljuj	—	pljujmo	pljujte	—
active past participle		pljuvao m / pljuvala f / pljuvalo n			pljuvali m / pljuvale f / pljuvala n
passive past participle		pljuvan m / pljuvana f / pljuvano n			pljuvani m / pljuvane f / pljuvana n

¹ Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
² For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
³ Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (“to be”) is routinely dropped.
⁴ Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (“to be”) is routinely dropped.
*Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

Related terms

pljȕnuti pf