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kamu

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Languages (16)
Finnish • Hungarian • Indonesian • Japanese • Kapampangan • Malay • Mansaka • Māori • Musi • Pipil • Sakizaya • Sasak • Shona • Tagabawa • Tausug • Turkish
Page categories

Finnish

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Etymology

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Clipping of kamraati +‎ -u.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkɑmu/, [ˈkɑ̝mu]
  • Rhymes: -ɑmu
  • Syllabification(key): ka‧mu
  • Hyphenation(key): ka‧mu

Noun

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kamu (colloquial)

  1. a pal

Declension

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Inflection of kamu (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominative kamu kamut
genitive kamun kamujen
partitive kamua kamuja
illative kamuun kamuihin
singular plural
nominative kamu kamut
accusative nom. kamu kamut
gen. kamun
genitive kamun kamujen
partitive kamua kamuja
inessive kamussa kamuissa
elative kamusta kamuista
illative kamuun kamuihin
adessive kamulla kamuilla
ablative kamulta kamuilta
allative kamulle kamuille
essive kamuna kamuina
translative kamuksi kamuiksi
abessive kamutta kamuitta
instructive — kamuin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of kamu (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kamuni kamuni
accusative nom. kamuni kamuni
gen. kamuni
genitive kamuni kamujeni
partitive kamuani kamujani
inessive kamussani kamuissani
elative kamustani kamuistani
illative kamuuni kamuihini
adessive kamullani kamuillani
ablative kamultani kamuiltani
allative kamulleni kamuilleni
essive kamunani kamuinani
translative kamukseni kamuikseni
abessive kamuttani kamuittani
instructive — —
comitative — kamuineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kamusi kamusi
accusative nom. kamusi kamusi
gen. kamusi
genitive kamusi kamujesi
partitive kamuasi kamujasi
inessive kamussasi kamuissasi
elative kamustasi kamuistasi
illative kamuusi kamuihisi
adessive kamullasi kamuillasi
ablative kamultasi kamuiltasi
allative kamullesi kamuillesi
essive kamunasi kamuinasi
translative kamuksesi kamuiksesi
abessive kamuttasi kamuittasi
instructive — —
comitative — kamuinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kamumme kamumme
accusative nom. kamumme kamumme
gen. kamumme
genitive kamumme kamujemme
partitive kamuamme kamujamme
inessive kamussamme kamuissamme
elative kamustamme kamuistamme
illative kamuumme kamuihimme
adessive kamullamme kamuillamme
ablative kamultamme kamuiltamme
allative kamullemme kamuillemme
essive kamunamme kamuinamme
translative kamuksemme kamuiksemme
abessive kamuttamme kamuittamme
instructive — —
comitative — kamuinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kamunne kamunne
accusative nom. kamunne kamunne
gen. kamunne
genitive kamunne kamujenne
partitive kamuanne kamujanne
inessive kamussanne kamuissanne
elative kamustanne kamuistanne
illative kamuunne kamuihinne
adessive kamullanne kamuillanne
ablative kamultanne kamuiltanne
allative kamullenne kamuillenne
essive kamunanne kamuinanne
translative kamuksenne kamuiksenne
abessive kamuttanne kamuittanne
instructive — —
comitative — kamuinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative kamunsa kamunsa
accusative nom. kamunsa kamunsa
gen. kamunsa
genitive kamunsa kamujensa
partitive kamuaan
kamuansa 		kamujaan
kamujansa
inessive kamussaan
kamussansa 		kamuissaan
kamuissansa
elative kamustaan
kamustansa 		kamuistaan
kamuistansa
illative kamuunsa kamuihinsa
adessive kamullaan
kamullansa 		kamuillaan
kamuillansa
ablative kamultaan
kamultansa 		kamuiltaan
kamuiltansa
allative kamulleen
kamullensa 		kamuilleen
kamuillensa
essive kamunaan
kamunansa 		kamuinaan
kamuinansa
translative kamukseen
kamuksensa 		kamuikseen
kamuiksensa
abessive kamuttaan
kamuttansa 		kamuittaan
kamuittansa
instructive — —
comitative — kamuineen
kamuinensa

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Hungarian

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Etymology

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Shortened from kamuflázs.[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈkɒmu]
  • Hyphenation: ka‧mu
  • Rhymes: -mu

Noun

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kamu

  1. (slang) bullshit (a colloquial way of calling out a lie)
    Synonyms: álca, becsapás, hazugság

Declension

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Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative kamu kamuk
accusative kamut kamukat
dative kamunak kamuknak
instrumental kamuval kamukkal
causal-final kamuért kamukért
translative kamuvá kamukká
terminative kamuig kamukig
essive-formal kamuként kamukként
essive-modal — —
inessive kamuban kamukban
superessive kamun kamukon
adessive kamunál kamuknál
illative kamuba kamukba
sublative kamura kamukra
allative kamuhoz kamukhoz
elative kamuból kamukból
delative kamuról kamukról
ablative kamutól kamuktól
non-attributive
possessive – singular 		kamué kamuké
non-attributive
possessive – plural 		kamuéi kamukéi
Possessive forms of kamu
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. kamum kamuim
2nd person sing. kamud kamuid
3rd person sing. kamuja kamui
1st person plural kamunk kamuink
2nd person plural kamutok kamuitok
3rd person plural kamujuk kamuik

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ kamu and (with subscription) kamu  in Ferenc Pusztai, editor, Magyar értelmező kéziszótár [A Concise Explanatory Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÉKsz.2), 2nd, expanded and revised edition, Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2003 (online searchable version under development).

Indonesian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Malay kamu, from Proto-Malayic *kamu(ʔ) (“you, your (plural)”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kamu, *kamiu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kamu, *kamiu.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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kamu

  1. (casual or informal, usually singular) second person pronoun: you, your
    Kamu mau baju ini?
    You want this shirt?
    Dia mau berteman dengan kamu.
    He wants to be friends with you.
    Pena kamu ada di laci ini.
    Your pen is in this drawer.

See also

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Indonesian personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person exclusive regular aku,
saya1 		kami
enclitic -ku -
proclitic ku- -
1st person inclusive - kita
2nd person regular kamu,
Anda2,
kau3 		kalian,
Anda2,
Anda sekalian2,
Anda semua2
enclitic -mu -
3rd person regular dia,
beliau4,
ia3 		mereka
enclitic -nya -
reflexive diri5, diri sendiri
emphatic sendiri
1 Polite.
2 Formal.
3 Now mostly literary.
4 Respectful.

5 Sometimes used as an emphatic marker instead of being reflexive.
Notes:
  • This table only shows personal pronouns that are commonly used in the standard language.
  • The second person pronouns are often replaced by kinship terms, titles, or the like.
  • The enclitics are only used obliquely (object or possessor), while the proclitic is only used as a subject.
See each entry for more information.

Further reading

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Japanese

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Romanization

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kamu

  1. Rōmaji transcription of かむ
  2. Rōmaji transcription of カム

Kapampangan

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Philippine *kamu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kamu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kamu. Compare Indonesian kamu, Indonesian kamu

Pronoun

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kamu

  1. you

Usage notes

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  • The word kamu usually replaces ikamu when in the middle of a sentence.

Derived terms

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See also

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Kapampangan personal pronouns
absolute ergative oblique
disjunctive enclitic
first
person 		singular aku/i aku/yaku ku kanaku
plural inclusive ikatamu katamu/tamu tamu/ta kekatamu
plural exclusive ikami, ike kami/ke mi kekami/keke
second
person 		singular ika ka mu keka
plural ikayu/iko kayu/ko yu kekayu/keko
third
person 		singular iya/ya ya na keya/kaya
plural ila la da/ra karela

Malay

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Etymology

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From Proto-Malayic *kamu(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kamu, *kamiu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kamu, *kamiu.

First attested in the Telaga Batu inscription, 683 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (kamu).

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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kamu (Jawi spelling کامو)

  1. you (singular, familiar)
    Synonyms: anda, awak, dikau, engkau, kau, tuanku
  2. you (plural), you all, y'all
    Synonym: kalian

Derived terms

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See also

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Malay personal pronouns
Singular Plural
1st person

saya1
aku3

kita4
kami2 & 5
kita orang3 & 5

2nd person

awak1
anda2
awda8
(eng)kau3
kamu3

(2nd person) + semua6
kalian2
(eng)kau orang3

3rd person

dia
ia
beliau7
-nya2

mereka2
dia orang3

1 Polite.
2 Formal.
3 Informal.
4 Includes the listener (inclusive).
5 Excludes the listener (exclusive).
6 Formality depends on the second person pronoun used.
7 Honorific.
8 Formal (Brunei).

Notes:
  • This table mostly only shows personal pronouns that are commonly used in the standard language and within the Klang Valley area.
  • The second person pronouns are often replaced by kinship terms, titles, or the like.
  • The enclitic -nya is only used obliquely (as an object or possessor).
  • The second person pronoun kamu is usually only used when speaking with younger speakers.
See each entry for more information.

Further reading

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Mansaka

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Etymology

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This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “From Proto-Philippine *kamu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kamu, from Proto-Austronesian *kamu.”

Pronoun

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kamu

  1. you (singular)

Māori

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Noun

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kamu

  1. Hawai'i birdcatching sedge (Carex uncinata)
    Synonym: matau a Māui

Hypernyms

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Further reading

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  • “kamu” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori–English, English–Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.

Musi

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Malayic *kamu(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kamu, *kamiu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kamu, *kamiu.

Pronoun

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kamu

  1. (Palembang) you (plural), you all, y'all
  2. (Palembang) your (belonging to you all)

Pipil

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Etymology

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Compare Classical Nahuatl camohtli (“sweet potato”).

Noun

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kamu (plural kajkamu)

  1. manioc

Further reading

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  • Campbell, L. (1985). The Pipil Language of El Salvador. Mouton De Gruyter.
  • Lara-Martínez, R., McCallister, R. Glosario cultural náwat pipil y nicarao.

Sakizaya

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Etymology

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Proto-Austronesian *kamu.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ka.ˈmu/, [ka.ˈmu]

Pronoun

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kamu

  1. (inclusive, in the plural) you

See also

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Sakizaya personal pronouns
nominative oblique genitive possessive
singular 1st person kaku takunan / takuwan / takuwanan aku nu maku
2nd person kisu tisuwan / tisuwanan isu nu misu
3rd person ciniza cinizaan niza (nu) niza
plural 1st person inclusive kita titanan/titaanan ita nu mita
1st person exclusive kami tamiyan / tamiyanan niyam (nu) niyam
2nd person kamu tamuwan / tamuwanan namu (nu) namu
3rd person nuheni / ku(nu)heni tunuheniyan nuheni (nu) nuheni

Sasak

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Etymology

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from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kamu, *kamiu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)kamu, *kamiu.

Pronoun

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kamu

  1. Second person pronoun: you, your

Shona

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Etymology

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From Afrikaans kam.

Noun

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kámu class 9 (plural kámu class 10)

  1. comb

Tagabawa

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Noun

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kamù

  1. wound; injury

Tausug

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Etymology

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From Proto-Philippine *kamu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kamu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)kamu.

Pronunciation

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  • (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA(key): /kamu/ [k̠ɑˈmu]
  • Rhymes: -u
  • Syllabification: ka‧mu

Pronoun

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kamu (Sulat Sūg spelling كَمُ)

  1. you

Turkish

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Ottoman Turkish قمو (qamu), خمو (hamu), from Proto-Turkic *kamug. Was already obsolete in the Istanbul dialect by the 17th Century, but was reintroduced during the language reforms as a Turkic equivalent of Arabic umum. Doublet of hamı and hamu. Compare Azerbaijani hamı.[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkamu/
  • Hyphenation: ka‧mu

Adjective

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kamu (not comparable)

  1. (obsolete) whole, solely

Noun

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kamu (definite accusative kamuyu, plural kamular)

  1. public [from 1940s]
    Synonym: (archaic) amme
  2. people
    Synonym: halk
  3. (collective) all organs of government doing public service

Declension

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Declension of kamu
singular plural
nominative kamu kamular
definite accusative kamuyu kamuları
dative kamuya kamulara
locative kamuda kamularda
ablative kamudan kamulardan
genitive kamunun kamuların
Possessive forms
nominative
singular plural
1st singular kamum kamularım
2nd singular kamun kamuların
3rd singular kamusu kamuları
1st plural kamumuz kamularımız
2nd plural kamunuz kamularınız
3rd plural kamuları kamuları
definite accusative
singular plural
1st singular kamumu kamularımı
2nd singular kamunu kamularını
3rd singular kamusunu kamularını
1st plural kamumuzu kamularımızı
2nd plural kamunuzu kamularınızı
3rd plural kamularını kamularını
dative
singular plural
1st singular kamuma kamularıma
2nd singular kamuna kamularına
3rd singular kamusuna kamularına
1st plural kamumuza kamularımıza
2nd plural kamunuza kamularınıza
3rd plural kamularına kamularına
locative
singular plural
1st singular kamumda kamularımda
2nd singular kamunda kamularında
3rd singular kamusunda kamularında
1st plural kamumuzda kamularımızda
2nd plural kamunuzda kamularınızda
3rd plural kamularında kamularında
ablative
singular plural
1st singular kamumdan kamularımdan
2nd singular kamundan kamularından
3rd singular kamusundan kamularından
1st plural kamumuzdan kamularımızdan
2nd plural kamunuzdan kamularınızdan
3rd plural kamularından kamularından
genitive
singular plural
1st singular kamumun kamularımın
2nd singular kamunun kamularının
3rd singular kamusunun kamularının
1st plural kamumuzun kamularımızın
2nd plural kamunuzun kamularınızın
3rd plural kamularının kamularının

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “kamu”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

Further reading

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  • “kamu”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
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