gamba

See also: Gamba, gambá, gambă, and gâmba

English

Etymology 1

From viola da gamba, ultimately from Italian gamba (“leg”). Doublet of gam, gamb, jamb, and jambe.

Noun

gamba (plural gambas) (music)

1. Abbreviation of viola da gamba.
2. A rank of organ pipes, so called for a supposed resemblance of the sound to that of a viola da gamba.

Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Latin gamba (“leg”); compare gambol. Doublet of gam, gamb, jamb, and jambe.

Noun

gamba

1. (anatomy) The metacarpus or metatarsus of ruminants, etc.

Related terms

Etymologically related terms

• gamb
• gambade, gambado
• gambit
• gambol
• gambrel
• viola da gamba, gambist

Etymology 3

Alteration of gamble.

Noun

gamba (countable and uncountable, plural gambas)

1. (Twitch-speak) Gambling.

   Start a prediction on it. We want gamba!

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈɡam.bə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈɡam.ba]

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: gam‧ba

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Italian gamba. Doublet of cama.

Noun

gamba f (plural gambes)

1. leg

   Synonym: cama

2. shank (any of various birds in the genus Tringa)

Derived terms

• gamba roja
• gamba verda

Etymology 2

From Late Latin gambărus, from cammărus, from Ancient Greek κάμμαρος (kámmaros, “lobster”).

Noun

gamba f (plural gambes)

1. shrimp

Etymology 3

Verb

gamba

1. inflection of gambar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “gamba”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɣɑm.baː/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: gam‧ba
• Rhymes: -ɑmbaː

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Italian viola da gamba, from gamba (“leg”).

Noun

gamba f (plural gamba's, diminutive gambaatje n)

1. viola da gamba

   Synonym: knieviool

Derived terms

• gambist

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Catalan gamba, Portuguese gamba or French gamba.

Noun

gamba f (plural gamba's, diminutive gambaatje n)

1. scampi, prawn

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish gamba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡɑ̃.ba/

• Audio (France (Somain)):

  (file)

Noun

gamba f (plural gambas)

1. large prawn

Galician

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡamba/ [ˈɡɑm.bɐ]

• IPA^(key): (standard) /ˈɡamba/ [ˈɡɑm.bɐ]
• IPA^(key): (gheada) /ˈħamba/ [ˈħɑm.bɐ]

• Rhymes: -amba
• Hyphenation: gam‧ba

Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin gamba (“leg”).

Noun

gamba f (plural gambas)

1. leg

   Synonym: perna

Derived terms

• meter a gamba

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Catalan gamba (“shrimp”).

Noun

gamba f (plural gambas)

1. shrimp

   Synonym: camarón

References

• “gamba”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2026
• “gamba”, in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (in Galician), 2014–2026
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “gamba”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “gamba”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “gamba”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Gooniyandi

Noun

gamba

1. water

   yoowarni gamba ― one serving of water

2. wet season
3. year (because years are measured from one wet season to the next)

   yoowarni gamba ― one year

References

• McGregor, William B. (1990), A functional grammar of Gooniyandi, J. Benjamins Pub. Co., →ISBN, →OCLC, page 260

Interlingua

Noun

gamba (plural gambas)

1. leg

Irish

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

gamba m (genitive singular gamba, nominative plural gambaí)

1. lump, hunk, dollop

Declension

Declension of gamba (fourth declension)

bare forms singular plural nominative gamba gambaí vocative a ghamba a ghambaí genitive gamba gambaí dative gamba gambaí forms with the definite article singular plural nominative an gamba na gambaí genitive an ghamba na ngambaí dative leis an ngamba don ghamba leis na gambaí

Mutation

Mutated forms of gamba

radical	lenition	eclipsis
gamba	ghamba	ngamba

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “gamba”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla [Irish–English Dictionary], Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959), “gamba”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “gamba”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2026

Italian

Picture dictionary

gamba

ginocchio

caviglia

ginocchio

caviglia

anca

coscia

ginocchio

stinco

polpaccio

caviglia

piede

Click on labels in the image

---

membra

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin gamba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡam.ba/

• Audio (“una gamba”):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -amba
• Hyphenation: gàm‧ba

Noun

gamba f (plural gambe, diminutive gambétta or gambìna or gambìno m, augmentative gambóna or gambóne m, pejorative gambàccia, endearing-derogatory gambùccia)

1. leg
2. leg (from knee to ankle), shank
3. leg (of furniture)
4. stroke (of a letter)

Derived terms

• gambetto
• in gamba

Related terms

• gambaccia
• gambacorta
• gambale
• gambata
• gambetta
• gambona
• gambuccia
• viola da gamba

Descendants

• → English: gam, gamba
• → Ido: gambo

See also

• coscia

Further reading

• gamba in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Latin

Alternative forms

• camba

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek καμπή (kampḗ, “fixture, bend, winding”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈɡam.ba]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈɡam.ba]

Noun

gamba f (genitive gambae); first declension

1. (Late Latin) (of animals) hock, shank
2. (Medieval Latin) (upper part of) leg, thigh

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	gamba	gambae
genitive	gambae	gambārum
dative	gambae	gambīs
accusative	gambam	gambās
ablative	gambā	gambīs
vocative	gamba	gambae

Descendants

• Aragonese: cama
• Catalan: cama
• Emilian: ganba
• Gascon: cama
• Italian: gamba
  • → English: gam, gamba
  • → Ido: gambo
• Old French: jambe, gambe, ganbe
  • Middle French: jambe, gambe
    • French: jambe
    • → Middle English: gambe
      • English: gamb
    • → Middle English: jambe
      • English: jamb
  • Norman: gambe, gaumbe, gàmbe, gãb
  • Picard: gambe
  • Walloon: djambe
• Occitan: camba
• Romanian: gambă
• Sicilian: jamma
• Spanish: gamba

References

• “gamba”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• "gamba", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “gamba”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 703/1.

Leonese

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

gamba f (plural gambas)

1. leg

References

• “gamba”, in Diccionario Castellano-Leonés / Leonés-Castellano [Spanish-Leonese / Leonese-Spanish Dictionary] (in Spanish), La Asociación L'Alderique, 2012–2026

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɐ̃.bɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɐ̃.bɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɐ̃.ba/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɐ̃.bɐ/

• Rhymes: -ɐ̃bɐ
• Hyphenation: gam‧ba

Etymology 1

From Italian gamba or Vulgar Latin *gambarus, from Latin cammarus, gammarus (“lobster”), from Ancient Greek κάμμαρος (kámmaros).

Noun

gamba f (plural gambas)

1. shrimp (decapod crustacean)

   Synonym: camarão

   1. deep-water rose shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris)
2. (music) viola da gamba
3. (derogatory) ugly old woman

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Kimbundu ngamba.

Noun

gamba f (plural gambas)

1. (Angola) servant

Further reading

• “gamba”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “gamba” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
• “gamba”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2026
• “gamba”, in Dicionário infopédia da Lingua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2026
• “gamba”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2026, →ISBN
• “gamba”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Romanian

Alternative forms

• гамба (gamba) — post-1930s Cyrillic spelling

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡam.ba/
• Rhymes: -amba
• Hyphenation: gam‧ba

Noun

gamba f

1. definite nominative/accusative singular of gambă

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡamba/ [ˈɡãm.ba]

• Audio (Venezuela):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -amba
• Syllabification: gam‧ba

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Catalan gamba, from Late Latin *gambarus, from Latin gammarus / cammarus (“lobster”), from Ancient Greek κάμμαρος (kámmaros). Sense 3 comes from the old 100 Chilean pesos banknote having the color of a shrimp.

Noun

gamba f (plural gambas)

1. (Spain) shrimp

   Synonym: camarón (Latin America)

2. (Spain, derogatory slang) butterface, prawn
3. (Chile, colloquial) 100 pesos

Derived terms

• hombre gamba
• mujer gamba

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Italian gamba, from Late Latin or Vulgar Latin gamba, camba (“leg”), from Ancient Greek καμπή (kampḗ, “bending”).

Noun

gamba f (plural gambas)

1. (Argentina, colloquial) leg

   Synonym: pierna

2. (Chile, colloquial) human foot

   Synonym: pie

Related terms

• hacer la gamba
• meter la gamba
• viola de gamba

Further reading

• “gamba”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025
• “gamba”, in Diccionario de americanismos [Dictionary of Americanisms] (in Spanish), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language [Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española], 2010

Swahili

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu [Term?].

Pronunciation

• (Unguja standard) IPA^(key): /ˈɠɑ.ᵐbɑ/

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Noun

gamba class V (plural magamba class VI)

1. bark (of a tree)
2. skin (of a scaly animal)
3. scale (of an animal)
4. armor
5. shell

See also

• ngozi

Tooro

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-gàmba (“to speak; to answer”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡáːmba/

Verb

-gamba (infinitive okugamba)

1. (ambitransitive) to say, to speak
2. (intransitive) to make a noise:
   1. (of a bird) to cry
   2. (of furniture) to creak
   3. (of a drum) to sound
   4. (of a bell) to ring
   5. (of a gun) to go off

Conjugation

Conjugation of -gamba

infinitives affirmative okugamba negative okutagamba imperatives affirmative gamba negative (see second-person negative subjunctive forms) tense polarity basic forms relative forms1 present habitual affirmative subject concord + -gamba person noun class singular plural first person ngamba tugamba second person ogamba mugamba third person 1/2 agamba bagamba 3/4 gugamba egamba 5/6 ligamba gagamba 7/8 kigamba bigamba 9/10 egamba zigamba 11/10 rugamba 12/14 kagamba bugamba 13 — tugamba 14/6 bugamba gagamba 15/6 kugamba 16 hagamba — negative ti- + subject concord + -gamba person noun class singular plural first person tingamba titugamba second person togamba timugamba third person 1/2 tagamba tibagamba 3/4 tigugamba tegamba 5/6 tirigamba tigagamba 7/8 tikigamba tibigamba 9/10 tegamba tizigamba 11/10 tirugamba 12/14 tikagamba tibugamba 13 — titugamba 14/6 tibugamba tigagamba 15/6 tikugamba 16 tihagamba — subject concord + -tagamba present continuous affirmative ni- + subject concord + -gamba person noun class singular plural first person ningamba nitugamba second person noogamba nimugamba third person 1/2 naagamba nibagamba 3/4 nigugamba neegamba 5/6 nirigamba nigagamba 7/8 nikigamba nibigamba 9/10 neegamba nizigamba 11/10 nirugamba 12/14 nikagamba nibugamba 13 — nitugamba 14/6 nibugamba nigagamba 15/6 nikugamba 16 nihagamba — subject concord + -rukugamba negative ti- + subject concord + -rukugamba person noun class singular plural first person tindukugamba titurukugamba second person torukugamba timurukugamba third person 1/2 tarukugamba tibarukugamba 3/4 tigurukugamba terukugamba 5/6 tirirukugamba tigarukugamba 7/8 tikirukugamba tibirukugamba 9/10 terukugamba tizirukugamba 11/10 tirurukugamba 12/14 tikarukugamba tiburukugamba 13 — titurukugamba 14/6 tiburukugamba tigarukugamba 15/6 tikurukugamba 16 tiharukugamba — subject concord + -tarukugamba present continuative affirmative ni- + subject concord + -kyagamba person noun class singular plural first person ninkyagamba nitukyagamba second person nookyagamba nimukyagamba third person 1/2 naakyagamba nibakyagamba 3/4 nigukyagamba neekyagamba 5/6 nirikyagamba nigakyagamba 7/8 nikikyagamba nibikyagamba 9/10 neekyagamba nizikyagamba 11/10 nirukyagamba 12/14 nikakyagamba nibukyagamba 13 — nitukyagamba 14/6 nibukyagamba nigakyagamba 15/6 nikukyagamba 16 nihakyagamba — subject concord + -rukukyagamba negative ti- + subject concord + -kyagamba person noun class singular plural first person tinkyagamba titukyagamba second person tokyagamba timukyagamba third person 1/2 takyagamba tibakyagamba 3/4 tigukyagamba tekyagamba 5/6 tirikyagamba tigakyagamba 7/8 tikikyagamba tibikyagamba 9/10 tekyagamba tizikyagamba 11/10 tirukyagamba 12/14 tikakyagamba tibukyagamba 13 — titukyagamba 14/6 tibukyagamba tigakyagamba 15/6 tikukyagamba 16 tihakyagamba — subject concord + -takyagamba virtual present affirmative subject concord + -agamba person noun class singular plural first person nagamba twagamba second person wagamba mwagamba third person 1/2 yagamba baagamba 3/4 gwagamba yagamba 5/6 lyagamba gaagamba 7/8 kyagamba byagamba 9/10 yagamba zaagamba 11/10 rwagamba 12/14 kaagamba bwagamba 13 — twagamba 14/6 bwagamba gaagamba 15/6 kwagamba 16 haagamba — negative ti- + subject concord + agamba person noun class singular plural first person tinagamba titwagamba second person tiwagamba timwagamba third person 1/2 tiyagamba tibaagamba 3/4 tigwagamba tiyagamba 5/6 tiryagamba tigaagamba 7/8 tikyagamba tibyagamba 9/10 tiyagamba tizaagamba 11/10 tirwagamba 12/14 tikaagamba tibwagamba 13 — titwagamba 14/6 tibwagamba tigaagamba 15/6 tikwagamba 16 tihaagamba — subject concord + -taagamba present perfect affirmative subject concord + -gambire person noun class singular plural first person ngambire tugambire second person ogambire mugambire third person 1/2 agambire bagambire 3/4 gugambire egambire 5/6 ligambire gagambire 7/8 kigambire bigambire 9/10 egambire zigambire 11/10 rugambire 12/14 kagambire bugambire 13 — tugambire 14/6 bugambire gagambire 15/6 kugambire 16 hagambire — negative ti- + subject concord + -gambire person noun class singular plural first person tingambire titugambire second person togambire timugambire third person 1/2 tagambire tibagambire 3/4 tigugambire tegambire 5/6 tirigambire tigagambire 7/8 tikigambire tibigambire 9/10 tegambire tizigambire 11/10 tirugambire 12/14 tikagambire tibugambire 13 — titugambire 14/6 tibugambire tigagambire 15/6 tikugambire 16 tihagambire — subject concord + -tagambire near perfective affirmative subject concord + -akagamba person noun class singular plural first person nakagamba twakagamba second person wakagamba mwakagamba third person 1/2 yakagamba baakagamba 3/4 gwakagamba yakagamba 5/6 lyakagamba gaakagamba 7/8 kyakagamba byakagamba 9/10 yakagamba zaakagamba 11/10 rwakagamba 12/14 kaakagamba bwakagamba 13 — twakagamba 14/6 bwakagamba gaakagamba 15/6 kwakagamba 16 haakagamba — negative ti- + subject concord + -kagambire person noun class singular plural first person tinkagambire titukagambire second person tokagambire timukagambire third person 1/2 takagambire tibakagambire 3/4 tigukagambire tekagambire 5/6 tirikagambire tigakagambire 7/8 tikikagambire tibikagambire 9/10 tekagambire tizikagambire 11/10 tirukagambire 12/14 tikakagambire tibukagambire 13 — titukagambire 14/6 tibukagambire tigakagambire 15/6 tikukagambire 16 tihakagambire — subject concord + -takagambire near past affirmative subject concord + -gambirege person noun class singular plural first person ngambirege tugambirege second person ogambirege mugambirege third person 1/2 agambirege bagambirege 3/4 gugambirege egambirege 5/6 ligambirege gagambirege 7/8 kigambirege bigambirege 9/10 egambirege zigambirege 11/10 rugambirege 12/14 kagambirege bugambirege 13 — tugambirege 14/6 bugambirege gagambirege 15/6 kugambirege 16 hagambirege — negative ti- + subject concord + -gambirege person noun class singular plural first person tingambirege titugambirege second person togambirege timugambirege third person 1/2 tagambirege tibagambirege 3/4 tigugambirege tegambirege 5/6 tirigambirege tigagambirege 7/8 tikigambirege tibigambirege 9/10 tegambirege tizigambirege 11/10 tirugambirege 12/14 tikagambirege tibugambirege 13 — titugambirege 14/6 tibugambirege tigagambirege 15/6 tikugambirege 16 tihagambirege — subject concord + -tagambirege remote past affirmative subject concord + -kagamba person noun class singular plural first person nkagamba tukagamba second person okagamba mukagamba third person 1/2 akagamba bakagamba 3/4 gukagamba ekagamba 5/6 likagamba gakagamba 7/8 kikagamba bikagamba 9/10 ekagamba zikagamba 11/10 rukagamba 12/14 kakagamba bukagamba 13 — tukagamba 14/6 bukagamba gakagamba 15/6 kukagamba 16 hakagamba — subject concord + -agambire negative subject concord + -tagambe person noun class singular plural first person ntagambe tutagambe second person otagambe mutagambe third person 1/2 atagambe batagambe 3/4 gutagambe etagambe 5/6 litagambe gatagambe 7/8 kitagambe bitagambe 9/10 etagambe ziitagambe 11/10 rutagambe 12/14 katagambe butagambe 13 — tutagambe 14/6 butagambe gatagambe 15/6 kutagambe 16 hatagambe — subject concord + -taragambire experiential perfective affirmative subject concord + -ragambire person noun class singular plural first person ndagambire turagambire second person oragambire muragambire third person 1/2 aragambire baragambire 3/4 guragambire eragambire 5/6 liragambire garagambire 7/8 kiragambire biragambire 9/10 eragambire ziragambire 11/10 ruragambire 12/14 karagambire buragambire 13 — turagambire 14/6 buragambire garagambire 15/6 kuragambire 16 haragambire — negative ti- + subject concord + -kagambaga person noun class singular plural first person tinkagambaga titukagambaga second person tokagambaga timukagambaga third person 1/2 takagambaga tibakagambaga 3/4 tigukagambaga tekagambaga 5/6 tirikagambaga tigakagambaga 7/8 tikikagambaga tibikagambaga 9/10 tekagambaga tizikagambaga 11/10 tirukagambaga 12/14 tikakagambaga tibukagambaga 13 — titukagambaga 14/6 tibukagambaga tigakagambaga 15/6 tikukagambaga 16 tihakagambaga — subject concord + -takagambaga cessative perfective affirmative subject concord + -aagambire person noun class singular plural first person naagambire twagambire second person waagambire mwagambire third person 1/2 yaagambire baagambire 3/4 gwagambire yaagambire 5/6 lyagambire gaagambire 7/8 kyagambire byagambire 9/10 yaagambire zaagambire 11/10 rwagambire 12/14 kaagambire bwagambire 13 — twagambire 14/6 bwagambire gaagambire 15/6 kwagambire 16 haagambire — past habitual affirmative subject concord + -agambaga person noun class singular plural first person nagambaga twagambaga second person wagambaga mwagambaga third person 1/2 yagambaga baagambaga 3/4 gwagambaga yagambaga 5/6 lyagambaga gaagambaga 7/8 kyagambaga byagambaga 9/10 yagambaga zaagambaga 11/10 rwagambaga 12/14 kaagambaga bwagambaga 13 — twagambaga 14/6 bwagambaga gaagambaga 15/6 kwagambaga 16 haagambaga — negative ti- + subject concord + agambaga person noun class singular plural first person tinagambaga titwagambaga second person tiwagambaga timwagambaga third person 1/2 tiyagambaga tibaagambaga 3/4 tigwagambaga tiyagambaga 5/6 tiryagambaga tigaagambaga 7/8 tikyagambaga tibyagambaga 9/10 tiyagambaga tizaagambaga 11/10 tirwagambaga 12/14 tikaagambaga tibwagambaga 13 — titwagambaga 14/6 tibwagambaga tigaagambaga 15/6 tikwagambaga 16 tihaagambaga — subject concord + -taagambaga near future affirmative subject concord + -raagamba person noun class singular plural first person ndaagamba turaagamba second person oraagamba muraagamba third person 1/2 araagamba baraagamba 3/4 guraagamba eraagamba 5/6 liraagamba garaagamba 7/8 kiraagamba biraagamba 9/10 eraagamba ziraagamba 11/10 ruraagamba 12/14 karaagamba buraagamba 13 — turaagamba 14/6 buraagamba garaagamba 15/6 kuraagamba 16 haraagamba — negative ti- + subject concord + -aagambe person noun class singular plural first person tinaagambe titwagambe second person tiwaagambe timwagambe third person 1/2 tiyaagambe tibaagambe 3/4 tigwagambe tiyaagambe 5/6 tiryagambe tigaagambe 7/8 tikyagambe tibyagambe 9/10 tiyaagambe tizaagambe 11/10 tirwagambe 12/14 tikaagambe tibwagambe 13 — titwagambe 14/6 tibwagambe tigaagambe 15/6 tikwagambe 16 tihaagambe — subject concord + -taagambe remote future affirmative subject concord + -ligamba person noun class singular plural first person ndigamba tuligamba second person oligamba muligamba third person 1/2 aligamba baligamba 3/4 guligamba erigamba 5/6 lirigamba galigamba 7/8 kirigamba birigamba 9/10 erigamba zirigamba 11/10 ruligamba 12/14 kaligamba buligamba 13 — tuligamba 14/6 buligamba galigamba 15/6 kuligamba 16 haligamba — negative ti- + subject concord + -ligamba person noun class singular plural first person tindigamba tituligamba second person toligamba timuligamba third person 1/2 taligamba tibaligamba 3/4 tiguligamba terigamba 5/6 tiririgamba tigaligamba 7/8 tikirigamba tibirigamba 9/10 terigamba tizirigamba 11/10 tiruligamba 12/14 tikaligamba tibuligamba 13 — tituligamba 14/6 tibuligamba tigaligamba 15/6 tikuligamba 16 tihaligamba — subject concord + -taligamba future habitual affirmative subject concord + -raagambaga person noun class singular plural first person ndaagambaga turaagambaga second person oraagambaga muraagambaga third person 1/2 araagambaga baraagambaga 3/4 guraagambaga eraagambaga 5/6 liraagambaga garaagambaga 7/8 kiraagambaga biraagambaga 9/10 eraagambaga ziraagambaga 11/10 ruraagambaga 12/14 karaagambaga buraagambaga 13 — turaagambaga 14/6 buraagambaga garaagambaga 15/6 kuraagambaga 16 haraagambaga — negative ti- + subject concord + -aagambege person noun class singular plural first person tinaagambege titwagambege second person tiwaagambege timwagambege third person 1/2 tiyaagambege tibaagambege 3/4 tigwagambege tiyaagambege 5/6 tiryagambege tigaagambege 7/8 tikyagambege tibyagambege 9/10 tiyaagambege tizaagambege 11/10 tirwagambege 12/14 tikaagambege tibwagambege 13 — titwagambege 14/6 tibwagambege tigaagambege 15/6 tikwagambege 16 tihaagambege — subject concord + -taagambege subjunctive affirmative subject concord + gambe person noun class singular plural first person ngambe tugambe second person ogambe mugambe third person 1/2 agambe bagambe 3/4 gugambe egambe 5/6 ligambe gagambe 7/8 kigambe bigambe 9/10 egambe zigambe 11/10 rugambe 12/14 kagambe bugambe 13 — tugambe 14/6 bugambe gagambe 15/6 kugambe 16 hagambe — negative subject concord + -tagamba person noun class singular plural first person ntagamba tutagamba second person otagamba mutagamba third person 1/2 atagamba batagamba 3/4 gutagamba etagamba 5/6 litagamba gatagamba 7/8 kitagamba bitagamba 9/10 etagamba zitagamba 11/10 rutagamba 12/14 katagamba butagamba 13 — tutagamba 14/6 butagamba gatagamba 15/6 kutagamba 16 hatagamba — — subjunctive habitual affirmative subject concord + gambege person noun class singular plural first person ngambege tugambege second person ogambege mugambege third person 1/2 agambege bagambege 3/4 gugambege egambege 5/6 ligambege gagambege 7/8 kigambege bigambege 9/10 egambege zigambege 11/10 rugambege 12/14 kagambege bugambege 13 — tugambege 14/6 bugambege gagambege 15/6 kugambege 16 hagambege — hypothetical affirmative subject concord + -aakugamba person noun class singular plural first person naakugamba twakugamba second person waakugamba mwakugamba third person 1/2 yaakugamba baakugamba 3/4 gwakugamba yaakugamba 5/6 lyakugamba gaakugamba 7/8 kyakugamba byakugamba 9/10 yaakugamba zaakugamba 11/10 rwakugamba 12/14 kaakugamba bwakugamba 13 — twakugamba 14/6 bwakugamba gaakugamba 15/6 kwakugamba 16 haakugamba — negative ti- + subject concord + -aakugamba person noun class singular plural first person tinaakugamba titwakugamba second person tiwaakugamba timwakugamba third person 1/2 tiyaakugamba tibaakugamba 3/4 tigwakugamba tiyaakugamba 5/6 tiryakugamba tigaakugamba 7/8 tikyakugamba tibyakugamba 9/10 tiyaakugamba tizaakugamba 11/10 tirwakugamba 12/14 tikaakugamba tibwakugamba 13 — titwakugamba 14/6 tibwakugamba tigaakugamba 15/6 tikwakugamba 16 tihaakugamba — subject concord + -taakugamba conditional affirmative subject concord + -aakugambire person noun class singular plural first person naakugambire twakugambire second person waakugambire mwakugambire third person 1/2 yaakugambire baakugambire 3/4 gwakugambire yaakugambire 5/6 lyakugambire gaakugambire 7/8 kyakugambire byakugambire 9/10 yaakugambire zaakugambire 11/10 rwakugambire 12/14 kaakugambire bwakugambire 13 — twakugambire 14/6 bwakugambire gaakugambire 15/6 kwakugambire 16 haakugambire — negative ti- + subject concord + -aakugambire person noun class singular plural first person tinaakugambire titwakugambire second person tiwaakugambire timwakugambire third person 1/2 tiyaakugambire tibaakugambire 3/4 tigwakugambire tiyaakugambire 5/6 tiryakugambire tigaakugambire 7/8 tikyakugambire tibyakugambire 9/10 tiyaakugambire tizaakugambire 11/10 tirwakugambire 12/14 tikaakugambire tibwakugambire 13 — titwakugambire 14/6 tibwakugambire tigaakugambire 15/6 tikwakugambire 16 tihaakugambire — subject concord + -taakugambire object concords person noun class singular plural first person -ngamba -tugamba second person -kugamba -bagamba third person 1/2 -mugamba 3/4 -gugamba -gigamba 5/6 -ligamba -gagamba 7/8 -kigamba -bigamba 9/10 -gigamba -zigamba 11/10 -rugamba 12/14 -kagamba -bugamba 13 — -tugamba 14/6 -bugamba -gagamba 15/6 -kugamba 16 -hagamba —

¹ The forms in this column are reduced relative forms; full relative forms require an augment before the subject concord.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -gambira
  • Long causative: -gambisa
  • Passive: -gambwa

• Nominal derivations:
  • ekigambo (“word”)
  • engamba (“way of speaking”)
  • omugambi (“speaker”)
  • orugambo (“rumor”)

References

• Kaji, Shigeki (2007), A Rutooro Vocabulary‎^[1], Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), →ISBN, pages 216, 241–242, 244, 389
• Rubongoya, L. T. (2013), Katondogorozi y'Orunyoro-Rutooro n'Orungereza [Runyoro–Rutooro-English and English-Runyoro–Rutooro dictionary]‎^[2], Kampala: Modrug Publishers, →ISBN, page 104
• Entry 1309 at Bantu Lexical Reconstructions 3