and-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "and"

Gothic

Romanization

and-

1. romanization of 𐌰𐌽𐌳-

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse and-.

Prefix

and-

1. anti-, against, opposing

Derived terms

Icelandic terms prefixed with and-

andefni

andeind

andheiti

ankringislegur

andstæða

andvirði

andæfa

Middle English

Alternative forms

• ond-

Etymology

From Old English and-, ond- (“against, back”), from Proto-West Germanic *anda-, from Proto-Germanic *and-, *anda-, *andi- (“across, opposite, against, away”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti (“across, forth”).

Cognate with Dutch ont-, German ant-, ent-, emp-, Icelandic and-, Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌳- (and-), Latin ante (“before”), Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí, “against”).

Prefix

and-

1. against, back, in return, away

References

• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “and-”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse and-, from Proto-Germanic *anda-, *andi-. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- (“face, front”).

Prefix

and-

1. against, opposite

Derived terms

Norwegian Nynorsk terms prefixed with and-

andbakkes

andføttes

andsynes

andsøles

andvoke

References

• “and-” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• and, dan, Dan, -nad

Old English

Alternative forms

• ond-, an-, on-

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *anda-, from Proto-Germanic *anda-, representative of a combining form of and (“and”).

Cognate with Middle Dutch ont- (Dutch ont-), Old High German ant- (German ant-, ent-), Old Norse and- (Icelandic and- (“against, anti-, opposed to, in the face of”), Swedish an-), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌳- (and-).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑnd/

Prefix

and-

1. against, opposing

   andsaca ― opponent, adversary

2. in return, back

   andswaru ― answer, reply

3. facing, toward

   andweard ― present time

4. completely, fully

   andlang ― entire, continuous

   andweorc ― substance, matter, cause

   andleofen ― nourishment, sustenance

5. without

Usage notes

This prefix was usually stressed; when unstressed, it weakened to an-, on-, or sometimes a-.

Synonyms

• ⁊ (symbol)

Derived terms

Old English terms prefixed with and-

andgiet

anbyrdnes

andcweþan

andcwiss

andeaw

andefne

andfang

andfenge

onfon

andgyte

andettan

andelbære

andhweorfan

andlang

andlifen

ondrædan

andsaca

andsacian

andswaru

andswerian

andtimber

andustrian

andweard

andweorc

andwig

andwis

andwist

andwlita

andwlitan

andwlite

onwreon

andwyrde

Descendants

• Middle English: and-, ond-, an-, on-
  • English: un-
  • Scots: on-, un-

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *anda-, *andi-. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- (“face, forehead, front”).

Prefix

and-

1. denotes whatever is opposite, against, towards

   ‎and- + ‎vitni (“testimony”) → ‎andvitni (“contradictory testimony”)

2. (by extension) hostile, adverse

Usage notes

The spellings an- or ann- are often used in compounds.

Derived terms

Old Norse terms prefixed with and-

andsǿlis

andlit

andsvar

andvitni

Descendants

• Icelandic: and-
• Faroese: and-
• Norwegian Nynorsk: and-
• Norwegian Bokmål: and-

Further reading

• Zoëga, Geir T. (1910), “and-”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 15; also available at the Internet Archive

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *anda-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑnd/

Prefix

and-

1. against, opposing; opposition

   andsako (“enemy, adversary”)

2. in return, back

   andswor "answer"

3. facing, toward; completely, fully

   andward "present time"

4. without

Romani

Preposition

and-

1. in