-ist

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ist"

English

Etymology

From Middle English -ist, -iste, from Old French -iste and Latin -ista, from Ancient Greek -ιστής (-istḗs), from -ίζω (-ízō, “-ize, -ise”, verbal suffix) +‎ -τής (-tḗs, agent-noun suffix). Equivalent to -ism +‎ -t. Doublet of -ista. Sense 1.9 is influenced by Esperanto -isto.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /-ɪst/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
(weak vowel merger) IPA^(key): /-əst/
Homophone: -est

Suffix

-ist

Added to words to form nouns denoting:
1. a person who studies or practices a particular discipline;
  botanist, one who studies plants
  
  psychiatrist, one who practices psychiatry
2. a person who uses a device of some kind;
  violinist, one who plays a violin
  
  cyclist, one who rides a (bi)cycle
  
  (dated) autoist, one who drives an automobile
  
  pianist, one who plays the piano
3. one who engages in a particular type of activity;
  adventurist, one who takes risks or goes on adventures
  
  artist, one who makes art
  
  bigamist, one who commits bigamy
  
  terrorist, one who causes terror
  
  tourist, one who tours
  
  Note, many of these are related to -isms: adventurism, terrorism, tourism
4. one who suffers from a specific condition or syndrome
  autist, egoist
  
  Note, these are related to -isms: autism, egoism
5. one who subscribes to a particular theological doctrine or religious denomination;
  Buddhist, Baptist, monotheist
  
  Note, these are related to -isms: Buddhism, monotheism
6. one who has a certain ideology or set of beliefs;
  Marxist, modernist, nihilist, existentialist, fascist, pacifist, activist, environmentalist,
  
  Note, these are related to -isms: Marxism, modernism, nihilism, existentialism, fascism, pacifism
7. one who owns or manages something;
  capitalist; industrialist
  
  Note, these are related to -isms: capitalism; industrialism
8. a person who holds bigoted, partial views with respect to a particular matter.
  sexist, racist: Note, these are related to -isms: sexism, racism
9. a person who speaks or specializes in a (usually constructed) language.
  Esperantist, Tokiponist

Derived terms

English terms suffixed with -ist

Related terms

-ast

Translations

One who follows a particular ideology, doctrine, belief system or theory

Arabic: (nisba) ـِيّ (ar) m (-iyy)
Armenian: -ական (-akan), -իստ (-ist)
Bulgarian: -ист m (-ist)
Catalan: -ista (ca) n
Chinese:
Mandarin: -主義者 / -主义者 (-zhǔyìzhě)
Czech: -ista m, -istka f
Danish: -ist (da)
Dutch: -ist (nl)
Esperanto: -anto, -ulo (eo)
Finnish: -isti (fi)
French: -iste (fr) m or f
Galician: -ista (gl) m or f
Georgian: -ისტი (-isṭi)
German: -ist (de) m
Greek: -ιστής (el) m (-istís), -ίστρια (el) f (-ístria)
Hebrew: יסט (-ist)
Hungarian: -ista (hu)
Icelandic: -isti m
Interlingua: -ista, -ista
Irish: -aí m, -ach m
Italian: -ista (it) m or f
Japanese: -主義者 (ja) (-しゅぎしゃ, -shugisha)
Korean: 주의 자(主義者) (-juuija)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: -îst (ku), -ger (ku), -van (ku)
Latin: -ista m
Malay: -is (ms)
Norwegian: -ist
Persian: ـگرا (-garâ)
Polish: -ista (pl) m, -ysta (pl) m, -istka f, -ystka f
Portuguese: -ista (pt) m or f
Romanian: -ist (ro)
Russian: -ист (ru) m (-ist), -и́стка f (-ístka)
Sicilian: -ista m or f
Slovak: -ista m, -istka f
Spanish: -ista (es) m or f
Swahili: -isti, mwana- class 1/2, m- class 1/2
Swedish: -ist (sv)
Turkish: -ist (tr)
Ukrainian: -іст m (-ist), -їст m (-jist), -íстка f (-ístka), -їстка f (-jistka), -ист m (-yst), -истка f (-ystka)
Walloon: -isse (wa)
Welsh: -ydd (cy) m, -wr (cy) m
Yiddish: ־יסט m (-ist)

A member of a profession or one interested in something

Armenian: -գետ (-get), -բան (-ban)
Catalan: -ista (ca) n
Chinese:
Mandarin: 家 (zh)
Esperanto: -isto (eo)
Finnish: -isti (fi)
French: -iste (fr) m or f
Galician: -ista (gl) m or f
Greek: -λόγος (el) m or f (-lógos)
Interlingua: -ista
Irish: -(t)óir m, -aí m, -ach m
Japanese: 家 (ja) (-ka)
Korean: 가 (ko) (ga)
Sicilian: -lucu m
Swahili: mwana- class 1/2
Welsh: -ydd (cy) m, -wr (cy) m
Yiddish: ־יסט m (-ist)

A person who uses something

Catalan: -ista (ca) n
Finnish: -isti (fi)
French: -iste (fr) m or f
Galician: -ista (gl)
Greek: -ιστής (el) m (-istís), -ίστρια (el) f (-ístria)
Interlingua: -ista
Irish: -adóir m, -aí m
Japanese: please add this translation if you can
Polish: -ista (pl), -ysta (pl) m, -istka, -ystka f
Russian: -ист (ru) m (-ist)
Sicilian: -aru (scn) m, -eri m
Spanish: -isto m, -ista (es) f
Welsh: -ydd (cy) m, -wr (cy) m
Yiddish: ־יסט m (-ist)

A person who holds biased views

Catalan: -ista (ca) n
Czech: -ista m, -istka f
Finnish: -isti (fi)
French: -iste (fr) m or f
Galician: -ista (gl)
Greek: -ιστής (el) m (-istís), -ίστρια (el) f (-ístria)
Interlingua: -ista
Irish: -ach m
Polish: -ista (pl) m, -ysta (pl) m, -istka f, -ystka f
Russian: -ист (ru) m (-ist)
Sicilian: -ista m or f
Welsh: -ydd (cy) m, -wr (cy) m

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Interlingua: ^{(please verify)} -ista
Romanian: ^{(please verify)} -ist (ro) m, ^{(please verify)} -istă f
Serbo-Croatian: ^{(please verify)} -ist

Anagrams

SIT, 'tis, Sit, its, its', TIs, t'is, tis, STI, TIS, sit, 'its, it's, TSI, ITS, S.T.I.

Danish

Etymology

From French -iste (“-ist, -istic”), from Latin -ista (“-ist; one who practises or believes”), from Ancient Greek -ιστής (-istḗs), alternative form of -τής (-tḗs), from Proto-Hellenic *-tās, probably from Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ (forms nouns representing state of being).

Suffix

-ist c

-ist, used to form nouns, usually relating to people, e.g. profession/occupation.

Derived terms

References

“-ist” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Suffix

-ist m

appended to a word, it yields a noun which signifies the subject who performs something related to that word

Derived terms

Dutch terms suffixed with -ist

German

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin -ista, reinforced by French -iste.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɪst]
Audio: (file)
Audio (Germany (Berlin)): (file)

Suffix

-ist m (weak, genitive -isten, plural -isten, feminine -istin)

-ist
‎Piano (“piano”) + ‎-ist → ‎Pianist (“pianist”)

‎Anarchie (“anarchy”) + ‎-ist → ‎Anarchist (“anarchist”)

‎Putsch (“putsch, coup”) + ‎-ist → ‎Putschist (“putschist, coupist”)

Usage notes

The suffix is productive in German, but generally only with non-native words or proper nouns. Exceptions include Harfenist, Lagerist, Putschist.

Derived terms

German terms suffixed with -ist

Middle English

Suffix

-ist

alternative form of -est
knowist, sendist, bitakist

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From French -iste (“-ist, -istic”), from Latin -ista (“-ist; one who practises or believes”), from Ancient Greek -ιστής (-istḗs), alternative form of -τής (-tḗs), from Proto-Hellenic *-tās, probably from Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ (forms nouns representing state of being).

Suffix

-ist m

used to form nouns, usually relating to people.

Derived terms

References

“-ist” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From French -iste, from Latin -ista, from Ancient Greek -ιστής (-istḗs).

Suffix

-ist m

used to form nouns, usually relating to people.

Derived terms

References

“-ist” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Suffix

-ist

alternative form of -ost

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French -iste.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ist]

Suffix

-ist m or n (feminine singular -istă, masculine plural -iști, feminine/neuter plural -iste)

-ist
pian +‎ -ist ― pianist (pianist)

anarhie +‎ -ist ― anarhist (anarchist)

rasă +‎ -ist ― rasist (racist)

Declension

Declension of *-ist*
		masculine	feminine	masculine	neuter
		singular		plural
nominative- accusative	indefinite	-ist	-istă	-iști	-iste
nominative- accusative	definite	-istul	-ista	-iștii	-istele
genitive- dative	indefinite	-ist	-iste	-iști	-iste
genitive- dative	definite	-istului	-istei	-iștilor	-istelor