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"Zorra"
Single by Nebulossa
LanguageSpanish
English title"Vixen"
Released15 December 2023
GenreSynth-pop[1]
Length3:13
Label
  • Atomic
  • Indica
Songwriters
ProducerMark Dasousa
Nebulossa singles chronology
"Me ha dado porno"
(2023) 		"Zorra"
(2023) 		"Cotilleo"
(2024)
Music video
"Zorra" on YouTube
Eurovision Song Contest 2024 entry
Country
Artist
Language
Composers
Lyricists
  • Mery Bas
  • Mark Dasousa
Finals performance
Final result
22nd
Final points
30
Entry chronology
◄ "Eaea" (2023)
"Esa diva" (2025) ►
Official performance video
"Zorra" (Second Semi-Final) on YouTube
"Zorra" (Grand Final) on YouTube

"Zorra" (pronounced [ˈθora]; transl. Vixen) is a song by Spanish husband and wife synth-pop duo Nebulossa. The song was written and produced by both members of the duo. It was released on 15 December 2023 through Atomic Records and Indica Entertainment. "Zorra" represented Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024 in Malmö, where it placed in 22nd with 30 points at the grand final.

The song was described by the band as an attempt of reclaiming the word "zorra", which is widely used in Spain as a derogatory slang term for women, analogous to "bitch" or "slut". It was met with a heavily divided reaction in Spain. "Zorra" received some praise from both Spanish and international outlets on its attempt to reclaim the word as an empowering term for women. However, it was met with harsh criticism from multiple members and groups of the Spanish feminist community, with the idea of reclaiming a word via repetition in an empowering song being challenged. "Zorra" enjoyed commercial success, peaking at number five in its native country of Spain.

Background and composition

[edit]

"Zorra" was written and produced by the members of Nebulossa: Mery Bas and Mark Dasousa.[2] The song has been described as synth-pop and electropop by various media outlets.[1][3] The title of the song, repeated multiple times in the lyrics, literally means "vixen" (i.e. a female fox) but also has vulgar connotations, as it is more often used to mean "bitch" or "slut" in Spanish slang.[4] It additionally has also drawn comparisons to 1983 single "Me gusta ser una zorra [es]" by Spanish punk rock band Vulpes, a song that became controversial and was censored by Spanish media for its vulgarity, particularly its sexual material.[5] The song was brought into question as potential infringement of Eurovision regulations by some feminist groups.[6] However, both RTVE and the European Broadcasting Union, the latter of which is in charge of organising and supervising the contest, stated in public statements that the use of the word did not constitute a breach of either organisations' rules.[7][8]

The word zorra was explained by Wiwibloggs as "one of the most blatant cases of built-in sexism within the Spanish language"; the euphemistic meaning of the male equivalent zorro has positive connotations, while zorra is most often used as a misogynistic insult.[9] The song – with its theme of women's empowerment – uses this and attempts to reappropriate the insult, with the lyrics criticising society for misogyny and embracing female independence.[9][3] In addition, the term "black sheep" ("oveja negra" in Spanish) is also mentioned within "Zorra" to connect and sympathise with men who have also felt discriminated by society.[10] Bas later stated in interviews that the song was inspired by her own experiences with discrimination and marginalisation, stating that she was discriminated for being a single mother and for having been married three times.[11][12] El País' Martin Bianchi described the song's legacy as a political issue; in response, the duo stated in El País that "we have chosen to stay out of that... We have been with many people on the left and right who have supported the song, and we are happy with that."[12]

Music video and promotion

[edit]
refer to caption
Manuela Trasobares (pictured in 2023) was mentioned in the music video for "Zorra".

An accompanying music video for "Zorra" directed by Laia Lluch was released on the same day as the song's release on 15 December.[13][14] The music video features Bas performing on a stage to a contrasting audience of disapproving men and smiling women.[15] The audience is primarily older, which was intended by Lluch as a way of "sending a message of empowerment and liberation to break taboos".[16] The video also references to transgender singer and politician Manuela Trasobares, featuring a recreation of a moment from the 1990s where Trasobares threw a drinking glass on the floor during an episode of Spanish talk show Parle osté, calle vosté while calling for women's liberation.[17][18] In addition, Bas wore an outfit similar to Trasobares' outfit during her appearance on the show.[15] Nebulossa also referenced this moment after their performance in the final of Benidorm Fest.[18]

To further promote the song, the duo performed their song on numerous occasions in the months heading into Eurovision 2024, including Pre-Party ES on 30 March,[19] the Barcelona Eurovision Party on 6 April,[20] the London Eurovision Party on 7 April,[21] Eurovision in Concert on 13 April,[22] and the Nordic Eurovision Party on 14 April.[23] They also performed the song at the Swedish embassy in Madrid on 10 April[24] and at a Rome nightclub on 26 April.[25]

On 7 February 2024, Radiotelevisión Española (RTVE) announced that the official English title of the song, "Vixen", with Nebulossa releasing a music video of the song with official English lyrics that translates zorra as "vixen" throughout the video.[18] Official translations of the song were also released in French, German, Italian and Swedish.[26] Additionally, a remixed version of the song featuring a collaboration between Nebulossa and Gloria Trevi was released on 5 April.[27] Also in February 2024, a parody of the song titled "Facha" was performed on Catalan comedy television show Polònia.[28] The parody, which was inspired by Spanish prime minister Pedro Sánchez's comments on the song,[29] parodied the leadership of Madrid politician and president of the Community of Madrid Isabel Díaz Ayuso, including her political views, plans to expand the city's events, and her rise to power.[30]

Critical reception

[edit]

Spanish media and personalities

[edit]

Reception in Spain was heavily divisive. Upon learning about the song, Trasobares praised it for attempting to reclaim "zorra",[31] stating in Eurovision Fam, "it is an empowerment of women after so many years... Now we take the reins of our lives and anticipate the patriarchy, we ourselves are the ones who empower that word."[32] Rigoberta Bandini, a previous competitor in Benidorm Fest, gave positive remarks toward the song, stating that she thought it was "a very brave proposal [and] very funny.... I hope it works at Eurovision and that they understand the bitches that we are."[33] Pedro Sánchez, the prime minister of Spain, stated that while the "fachosphere" would have preferred any other competing song to win Benidorm Fest 2024, he personally preferred "Zorra".[34] Regarding the song's performance, Carlos Marcos of El País proclaimed, "Nebulossa is among the best... they have managed to get the audience... to shout: 'I'm even sluttier'. Good for Nebulossa."[35]

Criticism was levied against "Zorra" by some feminist personalities. Najat El Hachimi, a columnist writer for El País, wrote a heavily negative review on the song, writing that she found the song's attempt at reclaiming "zorra" useless.[36] She further echoed Alicia Puleo's comments on the song, describing it as a "banal deformation of feminist demands".[36] Another reporter for El País, Laura Freixas, stated that she thought the idea of reclaiming a slur was "delulu, not [the] solulu".[37] Carmen Calvo, a former Deputy Prime Minister of Spain, stated that the song was "a song to win money and votes".[38] Ángeles Álvarez and Laura Berja [es], two Spanish politicians known for their advocacy of feminism, stated the opinion that the repetitive usage of "zorra" within the song did not empower women.[39] RTVE's Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion delegate, Montserrat Boix, resigned in the wake of Nebulossa's victory, posting on Twitter, "'Zorra' is neither empowerment for women, nor feminism".[40] In a February 2024 survey conducted by El Mundo containing 1,866 people, the majority in both men and women surveyed did not think that "Zorra" empower women.[41] In response to criticism, Nebulossa stated that "we did not intend to make an anthem, the surprise has been that people have appropriated the message".[42]

[edit]

"Zorra" received mixed media reception from international outlets. In a Wiwibloggs review containing several reviews from several critics, the song was rated 7.2 out of 10 points,[43] earning 12th out of 37 songs on the site's annual ranking.[44] Reviews from Wiwibloggs praised the song's message, but some reviewers criticised the vocals and melody of the song.[44] Jon O'Brien, a writer for Vulture, ranked the song 14th out of 37 songs, describing it as an "example of how there’s often substance to Eurovision’s wacky style", referring to the song's message and sexual content.[45] ESC Beat's Doron Lahav ranked the song 24th overall, writing that while he thought it was "100% enjoyable synth pop", he admitted that "[I think] the vocals towards the end should improve."[46] Erin Adam of The Scotsman rated the song seven out of ten points, admitting that while "it's not going to win", it was "a cult favourite in the making".[47] The Times' Ed Potton ranked the song third out of 26 finalists in Eurovision 2024, rating "Zorra" four out of five stars and comparing it to "defiant electro-disco in the grand tradition of Donna Summer".[48]

National Public Radio's (NPR) Glen Weldon included it in his list of 10 overall favourites to win the contest, writing that "Nebulossa does solid work not only reclaiming [zorra], but luxuriating in it."[49] Harmen van Dijk, Peter van der Lint, and Nienke Schipper from Dutch newspaper Trouw criticised the song for being an upbeat yet "meaningless electro-pop song", further criticising Bas' vocals for not being powerful enough for the song's message.[50] The BBC's Nadia Ragozhina and Johanna Chisholm highlighted the song's Hi-NRG elements, comparing it to "the theme music to a forgotten 1980s youth programme presented by DJ Normski".[51] The Daily Telegraph's Neil McCormick also criticised Bas' vocals, further describing the song as "something you might have heard on a hen do in a backstreet hotel disco on the Costa Del Sol in the 1970s, warmed up with some 80s techno synth presets".[52]

Eurovision Song Contest

[edit]
Main articles: Benidorm Fest 2024 and Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024

Benidorm Fest 2024

[edit]

RTVE organised a 16-entry competition, Benidorm Fest 2024, the third iteration of the Benidorm Fest, in order to select its entry for the Eurovision Song Contest 2024. It consisted of two semi-finals consisting of eight songs, with the top four songs in each semi-final qualifying for the grand final.[53] The results of each show were determined through a combination of public televoting, a demoscopic jury consisting of 350 people from a third-party company, and a jury consisting of four Spanish and four international juries.[54][55] The categories made up of 25%, 25%, and 50% of the total vote, respectively.[56]

"Zorra" was announced as a song in the competition on 14 December 2023.[57] It was placed into the first semi-final,[58] where it was drawn to perform eighth.[59] It qualified from the first semi-final, winning with 149 points.[60] It was later drawn to perform fifth in the grand final.[61] "Zorra" proceeded to win the competition with 156 points, earning the top position in both the public televote and the expert jury, and third in the demoscopic jury.[62][63] As a result of the victory, the song went to represent Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024.[63]

At Eurovision

[edit]

The Eurovision Song Contest 2024 took place at the Malmö Arena in Malmö, Sweden, and consisted of two semi-finals held on the respective dates of 7 and 9 May and the final on 11 May 2024. As Spain was a member of the "Big Five", "Zorra" automatically qualified for the grand final.[64] It was drawn to be positioned in the running order via the producer's choice;[65] it was placed eighth in the running order, ahead of Lithuania's "Luktelk" by Silvester Belt and before Estonia's "(Nendest) narkootikumidest ei tea me (küll) midagi" by 5miinust and Puuluup.[66]

refer to caption
Nebulossa performing "Zorra" at a dress rehearsal before the Eurovision 2024 grand final.

For its Eurovision performance, Israel Reyes and Juan Sebastián Domínguez were appointed as staging directors.[67] Before the contest, the band stated that they would refuse to change the song in any way despite pushback against the song along with looming threats of a potential rewrite request given by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU).[68] The performance featured Mery Bas in a Michael Costello-designed black corset adorned with rhinestones, meant to represent a dominatrix.[69][70] Two backing dancers and a backing singer were also appointed to accompany Nebulossa.[67] The usage of red sofas and lamps were applied, which was meant to apply a "cabaret atmosphere" for the performance.[71][72][73] Visuals of Venus de Milo, a red lock, and a background inspired by the 1927 film Metropolis were also shown to represent classical feminity, a liberated society, and the city of Benidorm, respectively.[71][72]

After the results were announced, they finished in 22nd with 30 points, with a split score of 19 points from juries and 11 points from public televoting.[74] No countries gave a set of the maximum 12 points in either category for the song. Regarding the former, the most a country gave was a set of seven points, awarded by Italy. In the public televote, the most a country gave was three, awarded by Finland and Portugal.[75] In response to their result, band member Mark Dasousa responded that "[it is not true] that we didn't care about the score... but we are not competitive people and we have learned a lot".[76] The result was met with mixed reception in Spain. On Spanish talk show La Roca, host Nuria Roca applauded Nebulossa's efforts at the contest, stating, "regardless of the position, which is not good, it is a hit song, it is an anthem... The performance she gave was what was expected." In contrast, Juan del Val, another host on the show, expressed disappointment, proclaiming that "the position is shit... it is a festival where it is about placing first before second and second before third, and we have finished in 22nd."[77] El País' Carlos Marcos stated on 12 May, "[the result was a] little less than expected. But we liked their performance... for better or worse, they control the situation, they are back from everything, [and] they went there to enjoy and no one was going to ruin their moment of exposure and glory".[78]

Track listing

[edit]

Digital download/streaming[‡ 1]

  1. "Zorra" – 3:03

Digital download/streaming – Gloria Trevi remix[‡ 2]

  1. "Zorra (Remix)" – 3:03

Charts

[edit]
Chart performance for "Zorra"
Chart (2024) Peak
position
Greece International (IFPI)[79] 26
Lithuania (AGATA)[80] 17
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[81] 5
Sweden Heatseeker (Sverigetopplistan)[82] 13
UK Singles Downloads (OCC)[83] 47
UK Singles Sales (OCC)[84] 47

Certifications

[edit]
Certifications for "Zorra"
Region Certification Certified units/sales
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[85] Platinum 60,000‡

‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Release history

[edit]
Release history and formats for "Zorra"
Country Date Format(s) Version Label Ref.
Various 15 December 2023
Single track
  • Atomic
  • Indica
 [‡ 1]
5 April 2024 Gloria Trevi remix [‡ 2]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Baker, Emily (10 May 2024). "Eurovision 2024 guide: The mad, the bad and the boring". i. Archived from the original on 11 May 2024. Retrieved 11 May 2024.
  2. ^ Santos, Pedro (3 February 2024). "Spain: Nebulossa to Eurovision 2024 with "Zorra" after winning Benidorm". Eurovision World. Archived from the original on 12 May 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  3. ^ a b Santos, Pedro (3 May 2024). "Nebulossa from Spain: "The message with Zorra is crossing borders"". Eurovisionworld. Retrieved 8 March 2025.
  4. ^ Savage, Mark (7 February 2024). "Spain's prime minister defends Eurovision entry". BBC News. Archived from the original on 21 May 2024. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
  5. ^ Monzón, Ismael (5 February 2024). "De Las Vulpes a Nebulossa: cómo la palabra 'zorra' pasó de la censura en los 80 a himno feminista" [From Las Vulpes to Nebulossa: how the word “zorra” went from being censored in the 1980s to becoming a feminist anthem]. El Español (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 5 February 2024. Retrieved 19 October 2025.
  6. ^ Giles, Ciarán (7 February 2024). "Does Spain's popular Eurovision song 'Zorra' insult women or defend them?". Associated Press. Retrieved 14 October 2025.
  7. ^ Farren, Neil (5 February 2024). "Spain: EBU Greenlights 'Zorra' Lyrics". Eurovoix. Archived from the original on 5 February 2024. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
  8. ^ Guim, Franchesca (3 April 2024). "The Unlikely Rise of Nebulossa: From Running a Beauty Clinic to Representing Spain at Eurovision". Billboard. Retrieved 15 October 2025.{{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  9. ^ a b Fuster, Luis (27 December 2024). ""Zorra!" Nebulossa reappropriates an insult for her empowering Benidorm Fest anthem". Wiwibloggs. Archived from the original on 5 June 2024. Retrieved 25 February 2024.
  10. ^ González, Jorge (15 February 2025). "Nebulossa: "Es muy raro que haya gente que diga que no entiende la canción ni el mensaje"" [Nebulossa: "It's very rare for there are people who say they don't understand the song or the message"]. RTVE (in Spanish). Retrieved 8 March 2025.
  11. ^ López, Irene González-Higuera (12 February 2025). "Mery Bas ('Nebulossa'): "La canción 'Zorra' habla de mí"" [Mery Bas (‘Nebulossa’): “The song ‘Zorra’ is about me”]. Cadena SER (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 October 2025.
  12. ^ a b Bianchi, Martín (15 February 2025). "Nebulossa, un año después de saltar a la fama: "Lo más bonito es cuando los niños te llaman zorra"" [Nebulossa, one year after rising to fame: ‘The best thing is when children call you a slut’]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 15 February 2025. Retrieved 20 October 2025. Nosotros hemos querido mantenernos al margen de ese debate. Hemos estado con muchísima gente de izquierdas y de derechas que han apoyado la canción y nos quedamos con eso.
  13. ^ Fuster, Luis (14 December 2023). "Listen: Spain unveils Benidorm Fest 2024 entries". Wiwibloggs. Retrieved 8 March 2025.
  14. ^ Fernández, Juan (27 December 2023). "El feminismo con arrugas llega al Benidorm Fest de la mano de Nebulossa" [Wrinkled feminism arrives at Benidorm Fest courtesy of Nebulossa]. Información (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 October 2025.
  15. ^ a b Press, Europa (15 December 2023). "¡Zorra, zorra! Conoce a Nebulossa, la banda de pop ochentero con la letra más desacomplejada del Benidorm Fest" [Zorra, zorra! Meet Nebulossa, the 80s pop band with the most uninhibited lyrics at Benidorm Fest]. Europa Press. Retrieved 19 October 2025.
  16. ^ Martínez, Laura (5 February 2024). "El homenaje LGTB a Manuela Trasobares que esconde 'Zorra', la canción de Nebulossa que representará a España en Eurovisión" [The LGBT tribute to Manuela Trasobares hidden in “Zorra”, the song by Nebulossa that will represent Spain at Eurovision]. ElDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 October 2025.
  17. ^ Fuster, Luis (27 December 2024). ""Zorra!" Nebulossa reappropriates an insult for her empowering Benidorm Fest anthem". Wiwibloggs. Archived from the original on 5 June 2024. Retrieved 25 February 2024.
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  19. ^ J, Tim (17 February 2024). "🇪🇸 Nebulossa to perform at Pre-Party ES 2024". That Eurovision Site. Archived from the original on 25 February 2024. Retrieved 3 March 2024.
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  23. ^ Dibben, Jazzi (4 March 2024). "🇪🇸 Nebulossa to perform at Nordic Eurovision Party 2024". That Eurovision Site. Archived from the original on 26 March 2024. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
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  25. ^ Rossini, Federico (29 February 2024). "Eurovision 2024: i Nebulossa (Spagna) a Roma il 26 aprile" [Eurovision 2024: Nebulossa (Spain) in Rome on 26 April]. Eurofestival News (in Italian). Archived from the original on 29 March 2024. Retrieved 29 February 2024.
  26. ^ King, Dave (7 February 2024). "ZORRA getting translated and defended by Spain's Prime Minister". ESCBubble. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 5 March 2024.
  27. ^ Solano, Cristhian (5 April 2024). "Nebulossa y Gloria Trevi se empoderan en el Remix de 'Zorra'" [Nebulossa and Gloria Trevious to the remix of 'Zorra']. ESCplus España (in Spanish). Retrieved 8 March 2025.
  28. ^ Miras, Daniel Chueca (9 February 2024). "'Facha', la parodia política de 'Zorra' que Isabel Díaz Ayuso interpreta en 'Polònia'" ['Facha', the political parody of “Zorra” that Isabel Díaz Ayuso performs in 'Polònia']. La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Retrieved 18 October 2025.
  29. ^ Hergar, Paula (9 February 2024). "'Polònia' versiona el 'Zorra' de Nebulossa y lo cambia por el 'Facha' de Ayuso: "¡Morid de envidia hijos de fruta!"" [Polònia covers Nebulossa's Zorra and changes it to Ayuso's Facha: ‘Die of envy, you sons of fruit!’]. Vertele (in Spanish). elDiario.es. Retrieved 18 October 2025.
  30. ^ SER, Cadena (12 February 2025). "La reacción de Ayuso tras protagonizar la parodia de Polònia de la canción de Nebulossa: "Aquí no me llaman zorra"" [Ayuso's reaction after starring in Polònia's parody of Nebulossa's song: ‘Here they don't call me a slut.’]. Cadena SER (in Spanish). Retrieved 18 October 2025.
  31. ^ Martínez, Laura (6 February 2024). "Manuela Trasobares: "Este 'Zorra' empodera, ya no nos afecta la huella que imprimieron en ella"" [Manuela Trasobares: “This 'Zorra' is empowering, the mark they left on her no longer affects us”]. elDiario.es (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 25 May 2024. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
  32. ^ Michelle, Alesia (10 March 2024). "She is Zorra: Meet the Inspo behind Nebulossa's track Manuela Trasobares". Eurovision Fam. Archived from the original on 10 March 2024. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
  33. ^ "Rigoberta Bandini se pronuncia sobre Zorra, de Nebulossa: "Es síntoma de que no estamos bien"" [Rigoberta Bandini comments on Nebulossa's Zorra: ‘It's a sign that we're not doing well’]. El Mundo (in Spanish). 12 February 2024. Archived from the original on 21 March 2024. Retrieved 3 June 2024. Me parece una propuesta muy valiente, muy divertida... Ojalá en Eurovisión funcione y sepan entender estas zorras que somos.
  34. ^ "Pedro Sánchez se pronuncia sobre el Zorra que irá a Eurovisión: "A la fachosfera le hubiera gustado tener el Cara al sol"" [Pedro Sánchez speaks out about Zorra that will go to Eurovision: "The fachosphere would have liked to have Cara al sol"]. El Mundo (in Spanish). 5 February 2024. Archived from the original on 5 May 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  35. ^ Marcos, Carlos (10 May 2024). "Análisis de las 26 canciones de Eurovisión: interesantes, irritantes y 'Zorra' entre lo mejor" [Analysis of the 26 Eurovision songs: interesting, irritating and “Zorra” among the best]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024. Nebulossa se encuentra entre lo mejor... que han conseguido que el público... griten eso de: "Soy más zorra todavía". Bien por Nebulossa.
  36. ^ a b Hachmi, Najat El (9 February 2024). "No me llames zorra" [Don't call me a bitch]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 9 February 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024. Una deformación banal de las reivindicaciones feministas.
  37. ^ Freixas, Laura; Serra, Clara (14 February 2024). "El debate | ¿Puede ser 'Zorra' una canción feminista?" [The debate | Can 'Zorra' be a feminist song?]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 10 March 2024. Retrieved 5 June 2024.
  38. ^ "Carmen Calvo, sobre «Zorra», de Nebulossa: «Es una canción para ganar dinero y votos»" [Carmen Calvo, on "Zorra", by Nebulossa: "It's a song to earn money and votes"]. La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). 14 February 2024. Archived from the original on 23 May 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  39. ^ "Críticas de parte del feminismo a la canción 'Zorra': la tachan de misógina y machista" [Criticism from feminism to the song 'Zorra': they call it misogynistic and sexist]. ElDiario.es (in Spanish). 5 February 2024. Archived from the original on 5 May 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  40. ^ Mucientes, Esther (9 February 2024). "Dimite la delegada de Igualdad de RTVE tras la elección de Zorra para Eurovisión: "Ni es empoderamiento para las mujeres, ni feminismo"" [RTVE's Equality delegate resigns after Zorra's election for Eurovision: "It is neither empowerment for women, nor feminism"]. El Mundo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 30 May 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  41. ^ Mucientes, Esther (12 February 2024). "Más del 60% de las mujeres rechaza Zorra como una canción que empodere y defienda el feminismo" [Over 60% of women reject 'Zorra' as a song that empowers and defends feminism]. El Mundo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 8 May 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  42. ^ Polo, Sara (4 February 2024). "Nebulossa, rumbo a Eurovisión sin hacer caso a las críticas: "No tenemos 20 años y nos la suda todo"" [Nebulossa, heading to Eurovision without paying attention to the criticism: "We are not 20 years old and we are sweating everything"]. El Mundo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 16 May 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024. No pretendíamos hacer un himno, la sorpresa ha sido que que la gente se ha apropiado del mensaje.
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Primary sources

In the text, these references are preceded by a double dagger (‡):

  1. ^ a b "Zorra - Single - Album by Nebulossa". Apple Music (US). 15 December 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2025.
  2. ^ a b "Zorra (Remix) - Single - Album by Nebulossa and Gloria Trevi". Apple Music (US). 5 April 2024. Retrieved 8 March 2025.
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