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Srivari Brahmotsavam

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For the principal festival, see Brahmotsava.

Srivari Brahmotsavams
శ్రీవారి బ్రహ్మొత్సవములు
Venkateswara Temple in Brahmotsavams
Official nameSri Venkateswara Brahmotsavams
Also calledTirumala Brahmotsavams, Tirupati Brahmotsavams
Observed byHindus
CelebrationsThe Malayappa (Shree Bhoo Sahita)(processional deity) of Venkateswara Temple, Tirumala is taken on the morning and evening of the nine-day festival on four streets around the shrine. Celebrations include dance, music, elephants and horses.
DurationNine days
FrequencyAnnual
Related toVenkateswara Temple, Tirumala

Sri Venkateswara Swami Vari Brahmotsavam or Srivari Brahmotsavam[1] or Purattasi Brahmotvasam[2] is the most significant[3] annual fête celebrated at the Venkateswara Temple in Tirumala-Tirupati, Tirupati district, Andhra Pradesh, India.[4] which falls between the Telugu calendar of Aasveeyujamu / Tamil calendar month of Purattasi[5] and the Gregorian calendar months of September or October.[6]

The Utsava-murti (processional deity) of the presiding deity, Venkateswara, and his consorts Sridevi and Bhudevi are taken on a procession on several vahanams on the streets surrounding the temple. The celebration attracts pilgrims and tourists from all over India and around the world. A Brahmotsavam is a cleansing ceremony in honor of Lord Brahma, and the ceremony at Tirumala is the largest.[7]

Etymology

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The word Brahmotsavam is a combination of two Sanskrit words—Brahma and utsavam (festival)—and Brahma reportedly conducted the first festival. Brahma also means "grand" or "large".[8] Srivari Brahmotsavam is also known as "Venkateswara Salakatla Brahmotsavams" and "Venkateswara Navaratri Brahmotsavams".

Two festivals

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When there is an extra month in the Telugu calendar, two Brahmotsavam are held viz., Salakatla and Navarathri. Both festivals were held in 2015, 2018, 2020 and 2023

Brahmotsavam 2024

This year, in 2024, since there is no Adhika Maasa, there will only be one Brahmotsavam, which is the annual Salakatla Brahmotsavam.

The Salakatla Brahmotsavam and the Navaratri Brahmotsavam will be held together..

The TTD Brahmotsavam 2024 will take place from October 3 to October 12.[9]


In Salakatla Brahmotsavam, Rathotsavam (Big Chariot) is held on the morning of the eighth day; during Navaratri Brahmotsavam, Golden Chariot (Swarna Rathotsavam) is held that morning of the eighth day. In Salakatla Brahmotsavam, there will be flag hoisting (Dwajarohanam) on 1st day and flag-lowering (Dwajaavarohanam) on the evening of the ninth day.[10]

History and legend

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According to the legend of Tirumala, Brahma descends to earth to conduct the festival.[3] Sri Venkteswara Sahasranamastotra refers to Brahma performing the festival, signified by a small, empty wooden chariot (brahmaratham) which moves ahead of the processions of the Venkateswara processional deity Malayappa.[3][11]

The first reference to festivals in the Tirumala Venkateswara Temple was in 966 CE, when the Pallava queen Samavai endowed land and ordered its revenue to celebrate festivals in the temple.[12][3] Until 1582, Brahmotsavams were held as often as 12 times a year.[3]

Celebrations

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The Brahmotsavam is held over nine days at the beginning of the Hindu calendar month of Āśvina, paralleling Navaratri. The evening before the first day, the rite of Ankurarpana (the sowing of seeds to signify fertility and abundance) is performed. The main first-day activity is Dwajarohana, the raising of the Garuda flag to signify the beginning of the festival. Religious activities during the festival include daily homas and processions on streets surrounding the temple. The final day commemorates Venkateswara's birth star. The Sudarshana Chakra is bathed in the temple tank with the devotees. The Chakra is then placed on a high platform, and the devotees walk under it and are blessed with its dripping water. The festival ends with Dhvajavarohanam, the lowering of the Garuda flag.

Dwajarohanam
A ceremony on the first day, when a flag with a picture of Garuda (the vehicle of Vishnu) is hoisted over the temple.[13] The flag is believed to be a symbolic invitation to the Hindu deities to attend the festival.[13] After the ceremony, the Andhra Pradesh chief minister offers new silk clothes to Venkateswara.[14]
Pedda Shesha Vahanam
On the evening of the first day, The processional deity of Sri Malayappa Swami is carried on a Seven - hooded golden Pedda Shesha Vahanam. The serpent represents Adisesha, the divine serpent that serves as the couch of Lord Vishnu. The vahana symbolizes the universe's support and balance, as Shesha is believed to hold the world.
Chinna Shesha Vahanam
On the morning of the second day, The processional deity of Sri Malayappa Swami, donning the role of Sri Krishna, will be taken for a pleasure ride on the five - hooded golden Chinna Sesha vahanam in all his majestic display of power and strength. [15]
Hamsa Vahanam
On the evening of the second day, The processional deity of Sri Malayappa Swami, will be taken around for a ride on a golden swan. The swan symbolizes purity, knowledge, and wisdom. It is said that Lord Vishnu himself took the form of a swan in ancient mythology, and this procession is a reminder of divine wisdom and enlightenment. It is also associated with the goddess of knowledge - Saraswati, and the creator god - Brahma, who is often depicted riding a swan.
Garuda Vahanam
On the evening of the fifth day, Venkateswara and Garuda are carried in a procession and decorated with garlands of flowers.[16] Every year, the Tirupati Venkateswara garland is sent to the Srivilliputtur Andal Temple for the marriage festival of Andal.[17]
Hanumantha Vahanam
On the morning of the sixth day morning, Venkateswara and Hanuman are taken out in procession.[18]
Chakra Snanam
On the morning of the ninth day, the Malayappa, his two consorts and the Sudarshana Chakra are carried in procession to the Varahaswamy Temple.[19] After the abhishekam and presentation of food offerings, the Sudarshana Chakra and its devotees are bathed in the temple tank.[19]


Procedure

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  • First day
    • Morning : Dwajarohanam [The official commencement of the Brahmotsava]
    • Evening : Pedda Shesha Vahanam [Seven hooded Adishesha]
  • Second day
    • Morning : Chinna Shesha Vahanam [Fived hooded Vasuki]
      Chinna Sesha Vahanam
    • Evening : Hamsa Vahanam [Golden Swan]
      Hamsa vahanam
  • Third day
    • Morning : Simha Vahanam [Golden Lion]
    • Evening : Muthuyapu Pandiri Vahanam [Pearl-studded Palanquin]
      Mutyala pandiri vahanam
  • Forth day
    • Morning : Kalpavriksha Vahanam [Wish-fulfilling Tree]
      Kalpa Vruksha Vahanam
    • Evening : sarva bhoopala Vahanam [Carried as Ruler of the world]
      sarvabhoopala vahanam
  • Fifth day
    • Morning :Mohini Avatharam [Mohini]
    • Evening :Garuda Vahanam [Eagle - Garuda]
  • Sixth day
    • Morning : Hanumantha Vahanam [Lord Hanuman], Vasanthotsavam
    • Pre Evening : Swarana Rathotsavam [Golden Chariot]
      Swarna Rathotsavam [Golden Chariot]
    • Evening :Gaja Vahanam [Golden Elephant]
  • Seventh day
    • Morning :Surya Prabha Vahanam [Sun - Surya]
    • Evening :Chandra Prabha Vahanam [Moon - Chandra]
  • Eighth day
    • Morning :Rathotsavam [Big Chariot]
    • Evening :Aswa Vahanam [Golden Horse]
  • Ninth day
    • Morning :Pallaki utsavam [Palanquin], Chakra snanam [Bath of Vishnu Chakra]
    • Evening :Dwaja avarohanam [The closing ritual of Brahmotsava]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Venkataramanan, Geetha (21 September 2017). "Tirupati, getting ready for Brahmotsavam". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 19 September 2024.
  2. ^ Tamil, Updated: |Samayam. "திருமலை திருப்பதி புரட்டாசி பிரம்மோற்சவம் 2022 - முழு விபரம்". Samayam Tamil (in Tamil). Retrieved 14 September 2025. {{cite web}}: |first= has generic name (help)
  3. ^ a b c d e Srivari Brahmotsavam. 1975. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  4. ^ Venkataramanan, Geetha (21 September 2017). "Tirupati, getting ready for Brahmotsavam". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 19 September 2024.
  5. ^ Venkataramanan, Geetha (21 September 2017). "Tirupati, getting ready for Brahmotsavam". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 14 September 2025.
  6. ^ "8th Day of Srivari Salakatla Brahmotsavam-Aswa Vahanam on Oct 12". Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams News. 12 October 2013. Archived from the original on 18 March 2014.
  7. ^ "Brahmotsavam: Why is Brahmotsavam Celebrated". Ygoy. Archived from the original on 18 March 2014.
  8. ^ "Mother of all Festivals". The Hindu. 21 September 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
  9. ^ "TTD Brahmotsavam 2024". Tirupati Balaji Online. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
  10. ^ K, Kandaswamy. "Detailed Schedule of Brahmotsavam in Tirupati - 2 Brahmotsavam if Adhika Maas (Extra Month) comes in Lunar Calendar". Live Trend. K Kandaswamy. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
  11. ^ "Tirupati dresses up for Brahmotsavam". Times of India. 7 October 2002. Retrieved 1 August 2017.
  12. ^ Sharma & Young 1999, p. 48.
  13. ^ a b "Tirumala Brahmotsavam begins". The Hindu. 6 October 2006. Retrieved 21 July 2017.
  14. ^ "TTD gearing up for Brahmotsavams". The Hindu. 5 July 2017. Retrieved 25 July 2017.
  15. ^ "MALAYAPPA AS SRI KRISHNA TAKES RIDE ON CHINNA SESHA VAHANAM – TTD News". TTD News.
  16. ^ "Andal Mala Presented to Lord Venkateswara in Tirumala". TTD News. 29 September 2014. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
  17. ^ "Srivilliputtur Andal Temple". Archived from the original on 24 October 2019.
  18. ^ "Srivari Salakatla Brahmotsavam - Hanumantha Vahanam". Indian New Times 24X7. 10 October 2013. Archived from the original on 18 March 2014.
  19. ^ a b "Grand finale to Tirumala Brahmotsavam". The Hindu. 8 October 2011. Retrieved 1 August 2017.

Sources

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  • The Hindu reports on Brahmotsavam
  • The temple's official page on the festival
  • Media related to Srivari Brahmotsavam at Wikimedia Commons
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