Jump to content

List of Ottoman imperial consorts

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of consorts of the Ottoman sultans, the wives and concubines of the monarchs of the Ottoman Empire who ruled over the transcontinental empire from its inception in 1299 to its dissolution in 1922.

Honorific and titles

[edit]

Hatun

[edit]

Hatun (Ottoman Turkish: خاتون) was used as an honorific for women in the Ottoman period, roughly equivalent to the English term Lady. The term was being used for the Ottoman sultan's consorts. When the son of one of the consorts ascended the throne she became Valide Hatun (Mother of Sultan).

Sultan

[edit]

Sultan (سلطان) is a word of Arabic origin, originally meaning "authority" or "dominion". By the beginning of the 16th century, the title of sultan, carried by both men and women of the Ottoman dynasty, was replacing other titles by which prominent members of the imperial family had been known (notably hatun for women and bey for men), with imperial women carrying the title of "Sultan" after their given names. Consequently, the title "Valide Hatun" also turned into "Valide Sultan". In this time, the title "Haseki Sultan" was created and used for the legal wife or Chief Consort of the Ottoman Sultan. For example, Hafsa Sultan, Suleiman's mother and first valide sultan, and Hürrem Sultan, Suleiman's legal wife and first haseki sultan. This usage underlines the Ottoman conception of sovereign power as family prerogative.[1] Towards the end of the seventeenth century the title hatun and sultan for imperial consorts was replaced by Kadın and Ikbal.

Kadın

[edit]

Kadın (Ottoman Turkish: قادين) was the title given to the consorts of the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. The title officially first came in use during the reign of Sultan Suleiman II. The Sultan could have up to four and some times five women with the imperial rank of Kadın and unlimited number of women with the rank of Ikbal.

Ikbal

[edit]

Ikbal (Ottoman Turkish: اقبال) was the title given to the official consorts of the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, who came below the rank of Kadın. Their honorific was "Hanim".

Consorts of the Ottoman sultans

[edit]
Portrait Name Birth name Origin Place of Origin Marriage Spouse
Rabia Bala Hatun[2] Rabia Turkish Turkey Legal wife Osman I
Kameriye Malhun Hatun[2] Mal Turkish[2] Turkey Legal wife
Fülane Hatun unknown unknown unknown
Bayalun Hatun Anatolian beyliks Orhan I
Eftendize Hatun [3] Eftendize Turkish Turkey 13th century
Asporça Hatun Byzantine Greek Byzantine Empire
Valide Nilüfer Hatun Byzantine Greek Byzantine Empire
Theodora Hatun Theodora Kantakouzene Byzantine Greek Byzantine Empire 1347 (legal marriage)
Theodora Uroš Theodora Nemanjić c. 1351
Valide Gülçiçek Hatun[4] unknown Greek Bithynia[5] 1359 (disputed) Murad I
Fülane Hatun[6] unknown 1366
Paşa Melek Hatun[7][8][9]
Fülane Hatun[6] unknown after 1372
Kera Thamara Hatun Kera Tamara Bulgarian Bulgarian Empire 1376/1378 (legal marriage)
Fülane Hatun[10][11][6] unknown c. 1383
Maria Hatun[12][6] Maria Paleologa Byzantine Empire 1389
Fülane Hatun Olga Dejanovic Dragas Serbian, daughter of Konstantin of Kostendil'[13] Serbian Empire 1372 (legal marriage) Bayezid I
Sultan Hatun Turkish Kütahya,
Germinayid Principality 		1378 (disputed)
Angelina Hatun Angelina Greek[14][15] Greece
Hafsa Hatun[16][page needed] Hâfize Turkish Birgi, Aydinid Principality 1390 (legal marriage)
Olivera Despina Mileva Olivera Lazarević Serbian Kruševac, Serbia 1390 (legal marriage)
Marija Hatun Maria Daughter of the Hungarian count Janos, she was freed by Timur and handed over to Henry III of Castile. She later married Payo Gomez de Soto Mayor.[14][17] Hungary
Karamanoğlu Hatun Turkish
Valide Devlet Hatun ? unknown unknown

Valide Emine Hatun

Emine

Turkish Elbistan,
Dulkadirid Principality 		Mehmed I
Şahzade Hatun Turkish Amasya,
Kutluşah Principality
Kumru Hatun ?
Halime Hatice Hatun Turkish Murad II
Valide Hüma Hatun Slavic, Italian, Jewish or Greek[5][16][page needed]
Mara Despina Sultan Mara Branković Serb Serbian Despotate 1435 (legal marriage)
Yeni Hatun Turkish Turkey
Valide Gülbahar Hatun[18][19][20] Albanian,[21] Slavic,[22] Pontic Greek[5] or Turkish[23] Unknown Mehmed II
Gülşah Hatun ? ?
Anna Hatun Anna Komenene Greek Greece
Sittişah Hatun Mükrime Turkish Elbistan,
Dulkadirid Principality 		1449 (legal marriage)
Çiçek Hatun Serb or Turkish
Helena Hatun Helena Palaiologina Greek Greece
Hatice Hatun Hatice Turkish
Şirin Hatun Bayezid II
Hüsnüşah Hatun
Bülbül Hatun
Nigar Hatun
Gülruh Hatun
Ayşe Hatun Ayşe Turkish Elbistan,
Dulkadirid Principality
Muhtereme Ferahşad Hatun
Gülbahar Hatun
Gülfem Hatun
Mühurnaz Hatun
Ayşe Hatun[24] Ayşe Crimean Crimean Khanate Selim I
Valide Ayşe Hafsa Sultan[25] unknown Slave of European or Circassian origin[23][26][27] Europe or Circassia
Yasemin Hatun[28] unknown

unknown

unknown Suleiman I

Server Hatun[28]

unknown

unknown

unknown
Hubeh Hatun[28] unknown unknown unknown
Mahidevran Gülbahar Hatun[28] unknown Albanian,[29] Circassian,[29] Montenegrin[30] or Crimean Albania, Circassia, Montenegro or Crimea

Haseki Hürrem Sultan

Aleksandra[31] or Anastajza[32]

Ruthenian Kingdom of Poland early May 1534[33] (legal marriage)

Πορτρέτο Νουρμπανου Σουλτάν

Valide Afife Nurbanu Sultan

Cecilia Venier-Baffo[34] or Rachel Marié Nassi[35] or Kalē Karatanou

Venetian or Greek or Jewish Paros, Republic of Venice or Corfu, Republic of Venice 1571 (legal marriage) Selim II
Fülane Hatun[36] unknown unknown unknown
Fülane Hatun unknown unknown unknown
Fülane Hatun[37] unknown unknown unknown
Other four concubines[38] unknown unknown unknown
Valide Safiye Sultan[39] unknown Albanian[40] Albania, Dukagjin Highlands Murad III
Şemsiruhsar Hatun[41] unknown unknown unknown
Mihriban Hatun[42] unknown unknown unknown
Şahıhuban Hatun[43] unknown unknown unknown
Nazperver Hatun[44] unknown unknown unknown
Zerefşan Hatun[45] unknown unknown unknown
Fakriye Hatun[46][page needed] unknown unknown unknown
Fülane Hatun[47] unknown unknown unknown
Fifteen pregnant concubines[48] unknown unknown unknown
Fülane Hatun unknown unknown unknown
A daughter of Lady Chiajna[49][50] unknown Romanian Principality of Wallachia
Valide Handan Sultan unknown Bosnian[51] or Greek[52] Ottoman Bosnia or Ottoman Greece Mehmed III
Valide Halime Sultan unknown Abkhaz[53] Abkhazia
Fülane Hatun[54][55] unknown unknown unknown
Hatice Mahfiruz Hatun[23][56] unknown unknown unknown Ahmed I
Fatma Hatun[57][58] unknown unknown unknown
Valide Mahpeyker Kösem Sultan Anastasía[59][60][61] Greek. Born on Tinos, Republic of Venice (?) Greece or Tinos, Republic of Venice (?)
Haseki Ayşe Sultan Osman II
Meylișah Meleksima Hatun [tr] unknown Serbian Serbia
Fülane Hatun unknown unknown unknown 7 February 1622 (legal marriage)
Rukiye Akile Hatun Akile Turkish Istanbul, Ottoman Empire 1622 (legal marriage)
Ayşe Sultan unknown[62][page needed] unknown[63] unknown Murad IV
Fülane Sultan unknown unknown unknown
Sanavber Hatun unknown unknown unknown
Safiye Hatun unknown unknown unknown
Emirgün's sister (disputed) unknown
Zafire Hatun unknown, possibly Sciabas (Slava)[64] or unlikely Giacoma Beccarini[65] Georgian,[66] Russian[64] or unlikely Italian[65][67] unknown, possibly but unlikely Siena, Grand Duchy of Tuscany[65] Ibrahim I
Valide Turhan Hatice Sultan unknown Russian,[68][69][70] Circassian[71] or Ukrainian[72] Russia, Circassia or Ukraine
Haseki Hatice Muazzez Sultan Eva (?) unknown[23] or Polish (?) Kingdom of Poland (?)
Haseki Saliha Dilaşub Sultan unknown[23] unknown[23][73] unknown
Haseki Ayșe Sultan unknown Tatar origins[74][75]
Haseki Mahienver Sultan unknown Circassian[76] Circassia
Haseki Saçbağlı Sultan unknown Circassian Circassia
Haseki Şivekar Sultan Maria[citation needed] Armenian[77] Armenia
Haseki Hümaşah Sultan unknown Georgian or Circassian Georgia or Circassia 1647 (legal marriage)
Hubyar Hatun
Şekerpare Hatun
Șakizula Hatun
Şekerbanu Hatun
Fülane Hatun
Fülane Hatun
Emetullah Rabia Gülnüş Sultan Evmania Voria Verzini[78][79] From the Greek[80][62] or Venetian Verzini family from the island of Crete[81][82][62][46] Rethymno, Crete, Republic of Venice Mehmed IV
Afife Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Gülnar Kadın

(Her existence is controversial)

unknown unknown unknown
Nevruz Hatun unknown unknown unknown
Güneş Hatun

(Her existence is controversial)

unknown unknown unknown
Gülbeyaz Hatun

(Her existence is controversial)

unknown unknown unknown
Hatice Hatun

(Her existence is controversial)

unknown unknown unknown
Cihanșah Hatun unknown unknown unknown
Dürriye Hatun unknown unknown unknown
Kaniye Hatun unknown unknown unknown
Rukiye Hatun unknown unknown unknown
Siyavuș Hatun unknown unknown unknown
Rabia Kadın

(Uncertain existence)

unknown unknown unknown
Hatice Baş Kadın Suleiman II
Behzad Kadın
Süğlün Kadın
Şehsuvar Kadın
Zeyneb Kadın
İvaz Kadın
Haseki Rabia Sultan Ahmed II
Şayeste Hatun
Alicenab Baş Kadın unknown unknown unknown Mustafa II
Afife Baş Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Valide Sebkati Saliha Sultan unknown[23] unknown,[23][62] Serbian or Greek[83][verification needed][84] unknown, Serbia or Greece
Valide Şehsuvar Sultan unknown Ukrainian,[85] Russian[23] or Serbian[86][page needed] Ukraine, Russia or Serbia
Bahtiyar Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Ivaz Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Hatice Kadın unknown Bosnian Bosnia
Hüsnuşah Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Fatma Şahin Baş Ikbal unknown unknown unknown
Hanife Hatun unknown unknown unknown
Emetullah Banu Baş Kadın unknown unknown unknown Ahmed III
Emine Mihrișah Kadın unknown unknown[23] unknown
Rabia Șermi Kadın unknown unknown[23] unknown
Ayşe Mihri Behri Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Hatem Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Emine Muslı Kadın unknown Russian Sochi, Russia
Rukiye Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Fatma Hümaşah Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Gülneş Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Hürrem Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Meyli Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Hatice Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Nazife Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Nejat Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Sadıka Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Hüsnüşah Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Şahin Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Ümmügülsüm Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Zeyneb Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Hanife Hatun unknown unknown unknown
Şayeste Baş Ikbal unknown unknown unknown
Hace Ayşe Baş Kadın unknown unknown unknown Mahmud I
Hatem Baş Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Hace Alicenab Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Hace Verdinaz Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Hatice Rami Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Tiryal Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Raziye Kadın[87] unknown unknown unknown
Meyyase Hanım[88] unknown unknown unknown
Fehmi Hanın[89] unknown unknown unknown
Sirri Hanın[90] unknown unknown unknown
Habbabe Hanın[91] unknown unknown unknown
Leyla Baş Kadın unknown unknown unknown Osman III
Fülane Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Zevki Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Emine Ferhunde Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Aynülhayat Baş Kadın unknown unknown unknown Sometimes considered Mustafa's legal wife. Mustafa III
Valide Mihrişah Sultan Agnes[92][verification needed][page needed] Daughter of Georgian Orthodox priest[93] Georgia
Fehime Kadın[94] unknown unknown unknown
Rifat Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Ayşe Adilşah Kadın unknown Circassian Circassia
Binnaz Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Gülman Baş Ikbal unknown unknown unknown
Ayşe Baş Kadın unknown unknown unknown Abdul Hamid I
Hace Hatice Ruhşah Baş Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Binnaz Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Nevres Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Valide Ayşe Sineperver Sultan Sonya[95] Bulgarian,[62][page needed] Circassian or Georgian[96] Bulgaria, Circassia or Georgia
Mehtabe Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Muteber Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Fatma Şebsefa Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Valide Nakşidil Sultan unknown Georgian or Circassian Georgia or Circassia
Hümaşah Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Dilpezir Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Mislinayab Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Mihriban Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Nükhetseza Baş Ikbal unknown unknown unknown
Nefizar Baş Kadın unknown unknown unknown Selim III
Afitab Baş Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Zibifer Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Tabisefa Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Refet Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Nüruşems Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Hüsnümah Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Demhoş Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Goçenigar Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Mahbube Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Aynısefa Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Pakize Baş Ikbal unknown unknown unknown
Meryem Hanım unknown unknown unknown
Şevkinür Baş Kadın unknown unknown unknown Mustafa IV
Peykidil Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Dilpezir Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Seyare Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Fatma Baş Kadın unknown unknown unknown Mahmud II
Alicenab Baş Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Haciye Pertevpiyale Nevfidan Kadın unknown unknown unknown 1823
Dilseza Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Mislinayab Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Kameri Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Ebrireftar Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Valide Bezmiâlem Sultan Suzzanne Georgian[23] or Circassian[86][page needed] Georgia or Circassia 1822
Aşubcan Kadın unknown Circassian Circassia 1808
Vüslat Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Zernigar Kadın unknown unknown unknown 1825
Nurtab Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Haciye Hoşyar Kadın unknown unknown unknown 1811
Pertizfekek Kadın unknown unknown unknown
Valide Pertevniyal Sultan Besime[97] Kurd, Romanian[98] or Circassian[99] Romania 1830
Hüsnimelek Baş Ikbal unknown unknown unknown
Tiryal Hanım unknown unknown unknown 1826
Lebrizifelek Hanım unknown unknown unknown
Verdicenan Hanım unknown unknown unknown
Servetseza Kadın Circassian Maykop, Russia 1837 Abdulmejid I
Tirimüjgan Kadın Circassian North Caucasus 1840
Düzdidil Kadın Ayşe Dişan Ubykh North Caucasus 2 October 1842
Valide Şevkefza Sultan Mingrelian and Circassian[100] Gagra or Circassia 1 August 1839
Zeynifelek Hanım 1841
Gülcemal Kadin Bosnian Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina 1840
Verdicenan Kadın Saliha Açba Sukhum, Georgia 17 December 1840
Nükhetsezâ Hanım Hatice Baras 21 October 1841
Mahitab Kadın Nuriye Chechen Makhachkala, Russia 1845
Nesrin Hanım Adile Asemiani 1842
Ceylanyar Hanım Nafiye Berzeg Ubykh Sochi, Russia 1847
Nergizev Hanım Natukhai Anapa, Russia 1847
Navekmisal Hanım Biberd 1848
Bezmiara Kadın Circassian Circassia 1849 - 1852 (Legal marriage)
Nalandil Hanım Çıpakue Natukhai Anapa, Russia 1850
Şayeste Hanım İnalipa Sukhum, Georgia 1851
Serfiraz Hanım Ayşe Liah 1852
Gülüstü Hanım Fatma Çaçba Sukhum, Abkhazia August 1854
Valide Rahıme Perestu Sultan Rahime Gogen Ubykh Sochi, Russia 20 January 1856 (Legal marriage)
Dürrünev Kadın Melek Dziapş-İpa Batumi, Georgia 20 May 1856 Abdülaziz
Edadil Kadın Aredba Adlersky, Sochi, 1861
Hayranidil Kadın Kars, Ottoman Empire 21 September 1865
Nesrin Kadın Nesrin Zevş-Barakay Ubykh North Caucasus 1868
Gevheri Kadın Emine Svatnba Gudauta, Georgia 1872
Mevhibe Kadın Mevhibe Tarkanişvili Tbilisi, Georgia 21 January 1857 Murad V
Reftarıdil Kadın Hatko 4 February 1859
Şayan Kadın Safiye Zan Natukhai Anapa, Russia 5 February 1869
Meyliservet Kadın Circassian Batumi, Georgia 8 June 1874
Resan Hanım Ayşe Artvin, Ottoman Empire 2 November 1877
Nazikeda Kadın Tsanba 1863 Abdul Hamid II
Nurefsun Kadın Circassian North Caucasus October 1868 -
26 June 1879
Bedrifelek Kadın Karzeg Natukhai Anapa, Russia 15 November 1868
Bidar Kadın Talustan Circassian Kobuleti, Adjara, Georgia 2 September 1875
Dilpesend Kadın Azize Abkhazia Tbilisi, Georgia 10 April 1884
Mezidimestan Kadın Kadriye Mikanba Gagra, Georgia 2 February 1885
Emsalinur Kadın Kaya 20 November 1885
Müşfika Kadın Ayşe Ağırba Hopa, Caucasus 12 February 1886
Sazkar Hanım Atiye Maan Ayvacık, Çanakkale, Ottoman Empire 31 August 1890
Peyveste Hanım Rabia Emuhvari Pitsunda, 24 January 1893
Fatma Pesend Hanım Fatma Kadriye Açba Istanbul, Ottoman Empire 20 July 1896
Behice Hanım Behiye Maan Beynevi, Adapazarı, Ottoman Empire 10 May 1900
Saliha Naciye Hanım Zeliha Ankuap Georgian Yukarı Ihsaniye, Bartın, Ottoman Empire 4 November 1904
Kamures Kadın Ubykh 30 September 1872 Mehmed V
Dürrüaden Kadın Hatice Voçibe Circassian Caucasus 10 October 1876
Mihrengiz Kadın Fatma Ubykh Sochi, Russia 4 April 1887
Nazperver Kadın Rukiye Hanım Çikotua Ottoman Turk Istanbul, Ottoman Empire 1888
Dilfirib Kadın Circassian Istanbul, Ottoman Empire 1907
Nazikeda Kadın Emine Marşan 8 June 1885 Mehmed VI
Inşirah Hanım Seniye Voçibe Ubykh Maşukiye, Ottoman Empire 8 July 1905
Müveddet Kadın Şadiye Çıhcı Derbent, Russia 24 April 1911
Nevvare Hanım Ayşe Çıhcı Derbent, Russia 20 June 1918 -
20 May 1924
Nevzad Hanım Nimet Bargu Albanian Istanbul, Ottoman Empire 1 September 1921

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Peirce, Leslie P (1993). The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. ISBN 0-19-507673-7.
  2. ^ a b c Emecen, Feridun. "MAL HATUN". TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  3. ^ Kepecioğlu, Kâmil. "Bursa Kütüğü" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ^ Said Öztürk, and Ahmet Akgündüz. Ottoman History - Misperceptions and Truths. IUR PRESS.
  5. ^ a b c Lowry 2012, p. 153.
  6. ^ a b c d Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 64.
  7. ^ Kepecioğlu, Kâmil. "Bursa Kütüğü" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  8. ^ Said Öztürk, and Ahmet Akgündüz. Ottoman History - Misperceptions and Truths. IUR PRESS.
  9. ^ Uluçay, M. Çağatay. Padişahların Kadınları ve Kızları (in Turkish). Ötüken Neşriyat. ISBN 9789754378405.
  10. ^ Said Öztürk, and Ahmet Akgündüz. Ottoman History - Misperceptions and Truths. IUR PRESS.
  11. ^ Alderson, Anthony Dolphin. The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty. Clarendon Press.
  12. ^ Several of John V's daughters and granddaughters married Ottoman princes: his daughter Maria married Murad I, two more his sons Bayezid I and Yakub, while a fourth, Irene, married Halil, Murad's half-brother. Two granddaughters, daughters of Theodore and Zampia, married a son and grandson of Bayezid I, Süleyman and Mustafa.
  13. ^ Sakaoğlu 2015, p. 89—90.
  14. ^ a b Alderson 1956, table XXIV (note 6).
  15. ^ Sakaoğlu 2015, p. 89.
  16. ^ a b Sakaoğlu 2008.
  17. ^ Sakaoğlu 2015, p. 88—89.
  18. ^ Süreyya, 1 Cild 1996, p. 15.
  19. ^ Akyıldız 2012, p. 494.
  20. ^ Emecen 1996, p. 230.
  21. ^ Babinger 1992, p. 52.
  22. ^ Alderson 1956, table XXVII (note. 9).
  23. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Alderson 1956, p. 83.
  24. ^ Ilya V. Zaytsev, The Structure of the Giray Dynasty (15th–16th centuries): Matrimonial and Kinship Relations of the Crimean Khans in Elena Vladimirovna Boĭkova, R. B. Rybakov (ed.), Kinship in the Altaic World: Proceedings of the 48th Permanent International Altaistic Conference, Moscow 10–15 July 2005, p. 341
  25. ^ Frantz, Sarah S. G.; Selinger, Eric Murphy (2014). New Approaches to Popular Romance Fiction: Critical Essays. McFarland. pp. 24–25. ISBN 978-0-7864-8967-1.
  26. ^ Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 148 (Her name is given as "Hafsa bint-i Abdü'l-Muin" in Kitâbeler by İ. H. Uzunçarşılı. This shows that she was of non-Turkish origin, and later converted to Islam. The assertions that she was daughter of Meñli_I_Giray of the Crimean_Khanate was never proven even though one of the wives of Selim I, namely Ayşe Hatun, was the real daughter of Meñli_I_Giray.)
  27. ^ Sakaoğlu 2015, p. 199.
  28. ^ a b c d Peirce 2017, p. 101.
  29. ^ a b Peirce 1993, p. 55.
  30. ^ Iorga 1909, p. 344.
  31. ^ Abbott E. A history of mistresses. — HarperFlamingoCanada, 2003. — 510 p. — P. 53.
  32. ^ Roxolana in European Literature… — P. 49.
  33. ^ Peirce 2017, pp. 114
  34. ^ Godfrey Goodwin, The Private World of Ottoman Women, Saqi Book, ISBN 0-86356-745-2, ISBN 3-631-36808-9, 2001. page 128
  35. ^ Valeria Heuberger, Geneviève Humbert, Geneviève Humbert-Knitel, Elisabeth Vyslonzil (ed.), Cultures in Colors, page 68. ISBN 3-631-36808-9, 2001
  36. ^ Gerlach, S.; Beydilli, K.; Noyan, T. (2007). Türkiye günlüğü: cilt. 1573-1576. Sahaftan seçmeler dizisi. Kitap Yayınevi. pp. 30–31.
  37. ^ Gerlach, S.; Beydilli, K.; Noyan, S.T. (2010). Türkiye günlüğü: cilt. 1577–1578. Sahaftan seçmeler dizisi. Kitap Yayınevi. pp. 561–562.
  38. ^ Peirce 1993, pp. 93–94, 129, 238, 309.
  39. ^ Mustafa Çağatay Uluçay, Padışahların kadınları ve kızları, Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, 1980, pp. 42-6
  40. ^ Peirce 1993, p. 94.
  41. ^ Altun, Mustafa (2019). Yüzyıl Dönümünde Bir Valide Sultan: Safiye Sultan'ın Hayatı ve Eserleri. pp. 20–21.
  42. ^ Altun, Mustafa (2019). Yüzyıl Dönümünde Bir Valide Sultan: Safiye Sultan'ın Hayatı ve Eserleri. pp. 20–21.
  43. ^ Altun, Mustafa (2019). Yüzyıl Dönümünde Bir Valide Sultan: Safiye Sultan'ın Hayatı ve Eserleri. pp. 20–21.
  44. ^ Altun, Mustafa (2019). Yüzyıl Dönümünde Bir Valide Sultan: Safiye Sultan'ın Hayatı ve Eserleri. pp. 20–21.
  45. ^ Altun, Mustafa (2019). Yüzyıl Dönümünde Bir Valide Sultan: Safiye Sultan'ın Hayatı ve Eserleri. pp. 20–21.
  46. ^ a b Alderson 1956.
  47. ^ "Tarih-i Selaniki 1-2 : Selânik Mustafa Efendi, d. 1600? : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive". Internet Archive. 2023-03-25. p. 251. Retrieved 2024-02-09.
  48. ^ Jenkins, E. (2015). The Muslim Diaspora (Volume 2, 1500-1799): A Comprehensive Chronology of the Spread of Islam in Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas. McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers. p. 124. ISBN 978-1-4766-0889-1.
  49. ^ Hurmuzaki, Eudoxiu. Documente privitoare la istoria românilor: DIR, 1, nr. în TOM: II, 1891, 1451-1575. Cu portretul lui Iacob Heraclid Despot Voievod. p. 741.
  50. ^ "Then his mother, who was also still alive, used all sorts of means; she herself along with her daughter, fled to the gates, married the daughter to Amurath according to their pagan custom"
  51. ^ Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 219.
  52. ^ Iyigun, Murat (2015). War, Peace & Prosperity in the Name of God: The Ottoman Role in Europe's Socioeconomic Evolution. University of Chicago Press. p. 119. ISBN 978-0-226-23228-7. Handan Sultan... Greek...
  53. ^ "Mother Of Mustafa I". Osmanlı Araştırmaları Vakfı (Ottoman Research Foundation). Archived from the original on 2007-10-13.
  54. ^ Disease and Empire: A History of Plague Epidemics in the Early Modern Ottoman Empire (1453--1600). 2008. p. 145. ISBN 978-0-549-74445-0.
  55. ^ Ipşırlı, Mehmet (June 1976). Mustafa Selaniki's history of the Ottomans. p. 172.
  56. ^ Süreyya, 1 Cild 1996, p. 20.
  57. ^ Yılmaz Öztuna (2005). Devletler ve hanedanlar: Turkiye (1074-1990) (in Turkish). p. 179.
  58. ^ Yılmaz Öztuna (2017). Sultan Genç Osman ve Sultan IV. Murad (in Turkish). p. 179.
  59. ^ Davis 1970, p. 227–228.
  60. ^ Groot, A.H. de. "Murād IV". Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.). doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_5533.
  61. ^ Hogan, Christine (2006). The Veiled Lands: A Woman's Journey Into the Heart of the Islamic World. Macmillan Publishers Aus. p. 74. ISBN 9781405037013.
  62. ^ a b c d e Sakaoğlu 2015.
  63. ^ Tektaş, Nazım. Padişahların Bütün Kadınları- Harem'den Taşanlar (in Turkish). Çatı Kitapları.
  64. ^ a b Chaudon, Esprit-Joseph (1776). Les Imposteurs démasqués et les Usurpateurs punis (in French). pp. 323–345.
  65. ^ a b c Serricchio, Cristanziano (1987). "Il sacco turco di Manfredonia nel 1620, in una relazione inedita" (PDF). Archivio Storico Pugliese (in Italian): 197–255. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 August 2024.
  66. ^ Artan, Tülay (2021). "Imaginary Voyages, Imagined Ottomans: A Gentleman Impostor, the Köprülüs, and Seventeenth-Century French Oriental Romances". In Kenan, Seyfi; Somel, Selçuk Aksin (eds.). Dimensions of Transformation in the Ottoman Empire from the Late Medieval Age to Modernity: In Memory of Metin Kunt. BRILL. pp. 54–96. doi:10.1163/9789004442351_004. ISBN 9789004442351.
  67. ^ "It seems that a person causing the conquest of Crete was a Russian". The new Greece. Archived from the original on 15 March 2025.
  68. ^ Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2007). Famous Ottoman women. Istanbul: Avea. ISBN 978-975-7104-77-3. OCLC 472256214.
  69. ^ Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 245; Baer 2011, p. 35; Cooke, Göknar & Parker 2008, p. 214; Carsten 1961, p. 505; Karaca 2012.
  70. ^ Ruth Barzilai-Lumbroso (2008). Turkish Men, Ottoman Women: Popular Turkish Historians and the Writing of Ottoman Women's History. ProQuest. ISBN 978-0-549-48355-7.
  71. ^ Sakaoğlu 2015, p. 337—338.
  72. ^ T. V. Chukhlib. Khatije Turhan Valide-Sultan
  73. ^ Sakaoğlu 2008, pp. 253"Saraya ne zaman alındığı ve milliyeti bilinmeyen Dilâşûb, Sultan İbrahim'in ilk hasekilerindendir."
  74. ^ Mustafa Çağatay. Uluçay (2011). Padişahların kadınları ve kızları. Ankara, Ötüken. pp. 56–61.
  75. ^ Kal'a, Ahmet (1997). Vakıf su defterleri: Hatt-ı Hümâyûn, 1577–1804. İstanbul Araştırmaları Merkezi. p. 57. ISBN 978-9-758-21504-1.
  76. ^ Mustafa Çağatay. Uluçay (2011). Padişahların kadınları ve kızları. Ankara, Ötüken. pp. 56–61.
  77. ^ Zuhuri Danışman, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu Tarihi, IX, Yeni Matbaa, p. 239
  78. ^ A Queen Mother and the Ottoman Imperial Harem: Rabia Gülnuş Emetullah Valide Sultan (1640-1715). In Concubines and Courtesans: Women and Slavery in Islamic History, ed. Matthew S. Gordon- Kathryn A. Hain. Oxford University Press, 2017 p.208
  79. ^ Sakaoglu, Necdet (1999). Bu Mülkün Sultanlari. Oglak. pp. 303, 315. ISBN 975-329-299-6. His mother was a harem girl, Rabia Gülnuş, who was of the Venetian Verzini family, settled in the city of Resmo in Crete.
  80. ^ "Erratum". Neonatology. 70 (4): 248. 1996. doi:10.1159/000244372. ISSN 1661-7800.
  81. ^ İpşirli 1996.
  82. ^ Uluçay 2011.
  83. ^ Akyıldız, Ali (1 April 2016). "Müsrif, Fakat Hayırsever: Pertevniyal Valide sultan". Osmanlı Araştırmaları. 47 (47): 307–352. doi:10.18589/oa.583206. ISSN 0255-0636.
  84. ^ Akyıldız 2009.
  85. ^ Osman Gazi'den Sultan Vahidüddin Han'a Osmanlı tarihi, Volume 4. Çamlıca Basım Yayın. p. 422.
  86. ^ a b Kemal 1977.
  87. ^ Uluçay 2011, p. 146.
  88. ^ Çakmak, Abdullah (2016). 18. Yüzyılda Hayırsever Bir Padişah Kadını: Vuslat Kadın'ın Medine ve İstanbul Vakıfları. Vakıflar Dergisi. pp. 77 n. 5, 6.
  89. ^ Çakmak, Abdullah (2016). 18. Yüzyılda Hayırsever Bir Padişah Kadını: Vuslat Kadın'ın Medine ve İstanbul Vakıfları. Vakıflar Dergisi. pp. 77 n. 5, 6.
  90. ^ Çakmak, Abdullah (2016). 18. Yüzyılda Hayırsever Bir Padişah Kadını: Vuslat Kadın'ın Medine ve İstanbul Vakıfları. Vakıflar Dergisi. pp. 77 n. 5, 6.
  91. ^ Argit, Betül Ipsirli (29 October 2020). Life after the Harem: Female Palace Slaves, Patronage and the Imperial Ottoman Court. Cambridge University Press. p. 72. ISBN 978-1-108-48836-5.
  92. ^ Osman., Horata (1998). Esrâr Dede : hayatı, şiir dünyası ve dı̂vânı. T.C. Kültür Bakanlığı. ISBN 975-17-1954-2. OCLC 42858154.
  93. ^ Y. İzzettin Barış (2002). Osmanlı padişahlarının yaşamlarından kesitler, hastalıkları ve ölüm sebepleri. Bilimsel Tıp Yayınevi. p. 184. ISBN 978-975-6986-17-2. Selim'in annesi olan Mihrişah, Gürcistan'dan kaçırılan bir papazın kızıydı
  94. ^ O Fehime Hanim
  95. ^ Peirce, Leslie (1993). The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-508677-5.
  96. ^ Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 354.
  97. ^ Akyıldız, Ali (2016). Müsrif, Fakat Hayırsever: Pertevniyal Valide Sultan. p. 308.
  98. ^ Alpgüvenç, Can (2013). "Pertevniyal Valide Sultan". Hayırda Yarışan Hanım Sultanlar (in Turkish) (1 ed.). Istanbul: Kaynak Kültür Yayınları. ISBN 9786054770151. Retrieved 24 Apr 2016.
  99. ^ Akyıldız, Ali (1 April 2016). "Müsrif, Fakat Hayırsever: Pertevniyal Valide sultan". Osmanlı Araştırmaları. 47 (47): 307–352. doi:10.18589/oa.583206. ISSN 0255-0636.
  100. ^ Dolphin., Alderson, Anthony (1982). The structure of the Ottoman dynasty. Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-22522-2. OCLC 643105131.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

Sources

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]
  • Açba-Ançabadze, Leyla, Fürstin: Harem Hatıraları, Timaş Yayınları, Istanbul 2010.
  • Afife Rezzemaza: Saray'dan Sürgüne, Istanbul 2013
  • Aredba, Rumeysa, Fürstin: Sultan Vahdeddin'in San Remo Günleri, Istanbul 2009
  • Bardakçı, Murat: Şahbaba. Pan Yayıncılık, Istanbul 1998.
  • Mislimelek, Prinzessin: Saray'dan Sürgüne Bir Osmanlı Prensesi, Istanbul 2012 (Memoiren der Nichte von Emine Nazikeda und Schwiegertochter von Sultan Abdulhamit II.)
  • Öztuna, Yılmaz: İslam Devletleri. Istanbul 1989 (Devletler ve Hanedanlar, Band 2).
  • Uluçay, Çağatay: Padişahların Kadınları ve Kızları, Ankara 1992
  • Ünüvar, Safiye: Saray Hatıraları, Istanbul 1965
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Ottoman_imperial_consorts&oldid=1348983809"