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List of Crusader castles

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Krak des Chevaliers was built during the 12th and 13th centuries by the Knights Hospitaller with later additions by the Mamluks. It is a World Heritage Site.[1]

This is a list of castles in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East, founded or occupied during the Crusades. For crusader castles in Poland and the Baltic states, see Ordensburg.

map of the Crusader States
Detailed map of the Crusader states at the time of maximum territorial extent. The map shows more than 600 identified medieval Crusader, Armenian and Muslim fortified sites in the Holy Land.
Sidon's Sea Castle built by the crusaders as a fortress of the Holy Land in Sidon, Lebanon.

There were two major phases of the deliberate destruction (slighting) of Crusader castles: in 1187 by Saladin and after 1260 by the Mamluks. The intention was often to prevent the castles being reused by the Crusaders.[2]

Of the architecture built by the Crusaders, castles have received more scholarly attention than other forms, such as ecclesiastical architecture.[2]

Crusader states

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Main article: Crusader states

Geographic location on today's map

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Crusader castles by modern states

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Cyprus

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Kyrenia Castle

Egypt

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Greece

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The Grandmasters Palace of the Knights on Rodos island
The Grandmasters Palace of the Knights on Rhodes island

Israel, Palestine and the Golan Heights

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The remains of Belvoir Castle
Monfort castle

West Bank and Golan Heights sites are msrked as such.

Site not identified

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Jordan

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Montreal (Shaubak)
Kerak

Doubtful proposals

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Discarded proposals

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  • Jarash: the Temple of Artemis was reused as a castle by the Damascenes and destroyed by Baldwin II of Jerusalem, was therefore not used by the Crusaders.[10]

Lebanon

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Crusader castle in the village of Toron, Lebanon

Syria

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The remains of Margat

Discarded proposals

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Turkey

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Crusader castles from modern-day Turkey were mainly built by the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (1198–1375) and two Crusader states, the Principality of Antioch (1198–1268) and the County of Edessa (1198–1144).

The ruins of Bagras Castle, viewed from the southeast
The ruins of Amouda Castle

See also

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References

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Wikimedia Commons logo
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Crusader castles.
  1. ^ Crac des Chevaliers and Qal'at Salah El-Din, UNESCO, retrieved 2010-11-08
  2. ^ a b Pringle 1997, p. 6.
  3. ^ a b c Ellenblum, Ronnie (2007). Crusader Castles and Modern Histories. Cambridge University Press. p. 173. ISBN 9781139462556. Retrieved 7 June 2020.
  4. ^ Pringle 1997, p. 107.
  5. ^ Pringle, Denys (1986). The Red Tower (al-Burj al-Ahmar): Settlement in the Plain of Sharon at the Time of the Crusaders and Mamluks, A.D. 1099–1516. London: British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem.
  6. ^ Marom, Roy (2026). Settled Land: The Arab Countryside in Israel/Palestine (in Hebrew). Ra'anana: Lamda Scholarship, The Open University of Israel Press. p. 184. ISBN 978-965-06-1769-1.
  7. ^ Husseini, Rana (December 18, 2016). "Death toll in Karak attacks rises to 14, including four terrorists". Jordan Times. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
  8. ^ Pringle 1997, p. 98.
  9. ^ Pringle 1997, p. 105.
  10. ^ Pringle 1997, p. 2.
  11. ^ Belhacem
  12. ^ "Qalaat Areimeh | Monuments of Syria أوابد سورية". monumentsofsyria.com.
  13. ^ "Burj al-Sabi". Archived from the original on 2020-10-30. Retrieved 2016-10-26.
  14. ^ "Castles.nl - Cursat Castle". www.castles.nl.
  15. ^ Ravanda Castle
  16. ^ Trapesac castle
  17. ^ Tumlu

Bibliography

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  • Pringle, Denys (1997). Secular Buildings in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: An Archaeological Gazetteer. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521460101.
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