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Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...d6/3. d4/3...exd4

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Exchange variation
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Position in Forsyth-Edwards Notation (FEN)

rnbqkbnr/ppp2ppp/3p4/8/3pP3/5N2/PPP2PPP/RNBQKB1R

Moves: 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 exd4
Parent: Philidor defence

3...exd4 · Exchange variation

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Black takes on d4, defusing the central tension. This is the main continuation.

White now recaptures, usually with the knight 4. Nxd4. Recapturing with the queen 4. Qxd4 is playable but allows Black to develop Nc6 with tempo.

Then, having resolved the issue of e5, Black must concentrate on developing their pieces, lest they fall too far behind White. This typically means Black plays ...Be7, ...Nf6, and castles short. Alternatives to dealing with the f8 bishop―...g7 to fianchetto (the Larsen variation) or ...d5 exd5 Qxd5 (the Paulsen attack)―have been tried but are probably too slow.

Theory table

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For explanation of theory tables, see theory table and for notation, see algebraic notation.

1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 d6 3.d4 exd4

4
Nxd4
-		 =
Qxd4
-		 =
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References

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Bibliography

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  • ChessBase (2023). Philidor Defence.
  • Chess Openings for Beginners (2009). Philidor Defense: General Information.
  • ChessPathways (2019). PHILIDOR DEFENSE.
  • ChessPathways (2019). The Philidor Defense.
  • Chess Simplified (2019). Philidor Defence.
  • HangingPawns (2019). Introduction to the Philidor Defense.
  • Marsh, Sean (ChessAble) (2021). Chess Opening Basics: The Philidor Defense.
  • Prem, Krishna (2012). Chess openings - Philidor Defence.
  • The Chess Website (2012). Philidor Defense - Chess Openings.
  • Solomon, Ruddell (TheChessGiant) (2021). Chess Openings: Learn to Play the Philidor Defense!.


v · t · e
Chess Opening Theory
1. e4 e5
Open game
2. Nf3
With 2...Nc6:
  • Four knights (
    )
  • Italian game (
    )
  • Spanish game (
    )

With other 2nd moves:

2. Other

1. e4 c5
Sicilian defence
2. Nf3 · Open Sicilian
With 2...Nc6:
With 2...d6:
With 2...e6:
With other 2nd moves:
Anti-Sicilians
1. e4 ...other:
Caro-Kann
French
Other


1. d4 d5
Closed game
2. c4
2. Nc3
2. other
1. d4 Nf6
Indian defence
2. c4
With 2...e6:

With 2...g6:

With other 2nd moves for Black:
2. Nf3
2. other:
1. d4 f5
Dutch defence
1. d4 ...other:
Flank
Unorthodox
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