Nomisma Ontology

The contemporary legal status of a numismatic object: whether it was produced by an authority that had the relevant rights to do so, or is a contemporary or modern imitation.

Wear on a coin or similar objects occurring as a result of its use.

General term meaning the objects held by an institution or individual. Or the holding entity itself.

The archaeological context of a numismatic object.

A control mark is a letter, symbol or an inscription on a numismatic object intended to distinguish a group of coins within an issue or series.

Degradation to a numismatic object due to chemical reaction with its environment.

A mark or symbol punched into a coin or similar object at some point during its time in circulation.

Term indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.

The circumstances under which an object or group of objects came to be deposited and part of the archaeological record, for example as a hoard, votive deposit or chance loss.

Wear on a die occurring as a result of its use.

The circumstances under which an object or group of objects came to be discovered, for example as a chance stray find or a controlled excavation.

Generally, a tribal or ethnic name appearing on a numismatic object. Distinct from personal authority as indicated by the presence of ruler's name.

Any widely recognized area of study within the discipline of numismatics.

A numismatic object or group of numismatic objects that was lost or deposited, whether intentionally or unintentionally, in previous times, and subsequently recovered. The recovery takes place independently of any intention of retrieval associated with the original deposition.

Within nomisma this is defined as a group of objects deposited together, of which at least one is a numismatic object.

The technique of manufacture. For example, struck or cast.

The physical material from which an object is made.

Generic term for a place of manufacture of a numismatic object or for the issuing city.

A mint mark is a letter, symbol or an inscription on a numismatic object indicating the mint where the numismatic object was produced.

A monogram is a symbol made by overlapping or combining of letters or other graphemes.

Objects considered to be within the numismatic domain such as coins, tokens, banknotes etc.

A term used within the field of numismatics to describe or to otherwise convey information specific to the numismatic discipline, or to numismatic objects.

The numismatic type of an object. Ex. 'coin'.

A notable, characteristic or unusual physical feature of an individual numismatic object that marks it out from other examples of the same group, or of a group of numismatic objects that marks it out from other groups.

A notable, characteristic or unusual physical feature of an individual numismatic object which distinguishes it from other examples of the same group, or of a group of numismatic objects that marks it out from other groups, and which is related to the process of production of a numismatic object.

A published work of reference relevant to a numismatic object.

An area of geographic significance and/or taxonomic importance, perhaps part of a larger geographic/administrative unit, having definable characteristics but not always fixed boundaries.

Anomalies or unusual features which arise subsequent to the actual production of a numismatic object; for example halving, chop-marking, etc.

The possible shapes numismatic objects might have, could be standard like round or rectangular or even a polygon.

A stratigraphic unit is a volume of identifiable origin and relative age range that is defined by the distinctive and dominant, easily mapped and recognizable features that characterize it.

A published or recognized reference list of numismatic object types, such as a catalogue or corpus.

An item within a reference list of numismatic object types.

Wear on a numismatic object occurring as a result of its use.

The conventional weight system according to which a numismatic object was produced.

Describes the appearance of a numismatic object. Eg. Iconography, legends and physical characteristics.

Identifies whether a numismatic object was produced by an authority that had the relevant rights to do so, or is a contemporary or modern imitation.

Identifies the authority in whose name (explicitly or implicitly) a numismatic object was issued. Eg. Charlemagne, Augustus, Sparta, Federal Republic of Germany, Bank of England

Describes the directional relationship between the obverse and reverse of a numismatic object.

Describes a date that appears on an object

The date of the latest object (could be non-numismatic) of a given context, e.g. a hoard or layer.

Identifies the modern collection or repository in which a numismatic object resides or has resided in the past.

A contemporary name is a term for a particular group of numismatic objects or concept(s) that was used for them at the time of their use. This may, for example, include one or more denominations, numismatic objects of a particular origin or some other common characteristic. Examples: Poloi, Tournois, Spagürli, Etschkreuzer, F-Schilling, Popolino.

Describes the context of a numismatic object.

Identifies a letter, symbol, monogram or an inscription on a numismatic object intended to distinguish it as part of a group of numismatic objects within an issue or series.

Describes degradation due to chemical reaction with an environment, commonly in terms prescribed by "Abnutzung und Korrosion: Bestimmmungstafeln zur Bearbeitung von Fundmünzen = Usure et corrosion. (1995). Lausanne." (OCLC 174260520)

Identifies a mark or symbol punched into a coin or similar object at some point during its time in circulation.

Describes date (range) assigned in a numismatic context.

Describes the monetary value assigned to an object within a denominational system. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.

Describes the depth of an object.

Describes diameter of an object.

Describes the die from which a numismatic object has been produced.

Describes characteristics of the edge of a numismatic object.

Identifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.

Identifies a particular face of a numismatic object. Where possible and appropriate, the more specific properties hasObverse or hasReverse are preferred.

Describes the context regarding the discovery/find of a numismatic object.

Describes the location of the discovery of an object, whether by accident or in archaeological excavation.

Describes the height of a numismatic object.

Describes an iconography placed on a numismatic object.

Is the precise context of the findspot such as under the hearth, in the wall, under the floor, in a ditch, on a river bed, etc.

Identifies the person administratively responsible for the issue of a numismatic object, generally named in some capacity on the object.

Is the broad scale findspot landscape type such as: urban, rural, underwater (as instances of nmo:Context in the ID namespace).

Describes the inscription or printing placed on a numismatic object as part of the production process.

Is the findspot in relation to nearby features such as: from a field, in a temple, in an otherwise unspecified structure, in a shipwreck.

Describes the method of manufacture of a numismatic object. Eg. struck, cast, printed

Any kind of mark, e.g. a character, letter, symbol or an inscription on a numismatic object. No intension for the mark is predefined by this property. It could be a mark generated during production or as a secondary treatment.

Describes the physical material from which a numismatic object is made.

Describes the maximum depth of a numismatic object.

Describes the maximum diameter of a numismatic object.

Describes the maximum height of a numismatic object.

Describes the maximum width of a numismatic object.

Introduced for better structuring of subproperties like nmo:hasWidth, nmo:hasHeight ... not intended to be used directly. (abstract)

Describes the minimum depth of a numismatic object.

Describes the minimum diameter of a numismatic object.

Describes the minimum height of a numismatic object.

Describes the minimum width of a numismatic object.

Identifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.

Identifies the letter, symbol or an inscription on a numismatic object indicating the mint where it was produced.

The date of the latest numismatic object of a given context, e.g. a hoard or layer.

The date of the earliest numismatic object of a given context, e.g. a hoard or layer.

Identifies the type of numismatic object. E.g. Coin, token, banknote.

Identifies a particular face of a numismatic object. Normally it will be the face carrying the represenation, badge or inscription of the issuing authority. In ancient, hand-struck coinage it is generally the lower (anvil) die. In English often known as "heads".

The date of the earliest object (could be non-numismatic) of a given context, e.g. a hoard or layer.

Describes a notable, characteristic or unusual physical feature of an individual numismatic object marks it out from other examples of the same group, or of a group of numismatic objects that marks it out from other groups. It can be the result of production, such as plating, or post-production activity, such as piercing, cutting or mounting.

Describes a notable, characteristic or unusual physical feature of an individual numismatic object which distinguishes it from other examples of the same group, or of a group of numismatic objects that marks it out from other groups, and which is related to the process of production of a numismatic object.

Describes the date (range) of the production of a numismatic object.

Objects used within the production process.

Specifies a published work of reference relevant to a numismatic object.

Identifies a the face of a numismatic object opposed to the obverse. In ancient, hand-struck coinage it is generally the upper die. In English often known as "tails".

A scholarly name is a term for a particular group of numismatic objects or concept(s) that was established after the time of their use, as part of scholarly jargon. Examples: Croeseid, Schneckentaler, Falkendukat, Antoninianus.

Describes anomalies or unusual features which arise subsequent to the actual production of a numismatic object; for example halving, chop-marking, etc.

Describes the shape of a numismatic object.

Identifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.

The authority as stated on a numismatic object. This may, but need not, be the same as the real authority behind the object (expressed separately as hasAuthority).

Identifies the position of a numismatic object within a published or recognized reference list of types, such as a catalogue or corpus.

Describes wear visible on a numismatic object due to use or circulation, commonly in terms prescribed by "Abnutzung und Korrosion: Bestimmmungstafeln zur Bearbeitung von Fundmünzen = Usure et corrosion. (1995). Lausanne." (OCLC 174260520)

Describes the actual weight of a numismatic object.

Describes the conventional weight system according to which a numismatic object of intrinsic value was produced.

Describes the width of a numismatic object.

Based on the Harris Matrix system for units of archaeological stratification. The subject unit is above the object unit in the relative sequence of the units of stratification through time (see: Principles of archaeological stratigraphy by Edward Harris).

Based on the Harris Matrix system for units of archaeological stratification. The subject unit is below the object in the relative sequence of the units of stratification through time (see: Principles of archaeological stratigraphy by Edward Harris).

Based on the Harris Matrix system for units of archaeological stratification. The units are correlated (equated by the = sign) as separate parts (given different numbers in the field) of a once whole deposit or feature interface (see: Principles of archaeological stratigraphy by Edward Harris).

To indicate what kind of object type is represented by (for example) an type series item (a coin, banknote, token, ...).

Connects a reproduction of a numismatic object (to study it or to generate a surrogate – should not be used for contemporary imitations or forgeries) to its original.